scholarly journals Suitability of bench scale bioreactor system for shoot biomass production and bacoside biosynthesis from Bacopa monnieri (L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 584-590 ◽  
Author(s):  
Munish Sharma ◽  
Anuja Koul ◽  
Ashok Ahuja ◽  
Sharada Mallubhotla
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Production ◽  
Bacopa Monnieri ◽  
Shoot Biomass ◽  
Bench Scale ◽  
Bioreactor System

Identification of Consensus Regions Associated with Shoot Biomass Production in the Medicago Genome

Crop Science ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 1037-1060 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. M. Ray ◽  
M. J. Monteros ◽  
B. Julier ◽  
M. K. Sledge ◽  
E. C. Brummer
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Production ◽  
Shoot Biomass

scholarly journals Effect of Planting Time on Canopy Structure and Biomass Production in Some Soybean Genotypes

1970 ◽  
pp. 25-29
Author(s):  
MK Uddin ◽  
MK Hasan ◽  
AKMA Alam
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Biomass Production ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Canopy Structure ◽  
Morphological Structure ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Shoot Biomass ◽  
Late Planting ◽  
Planting Time ◽  
Soybean Genotypes

A field experiment was conducted in the Field Laboratory of the Department of Crop Botany, BAU, Mymensingh during November 2003 to May 2004 to assess the effect of planting time (November and December) on some morphological structure, and root & shoot biomass production in four soybean genotypes (GPB-1, GPB-2, AGS-332 and AGS-11-35). The plant height, stem base diameter, seed dry weight plant-1 were significantly greater in the late planting crops (December) but number of branches plant-1, number of leaves plant-1, leaves dry weight plant-1, shoots dry weight plant-1, roots dry weight plant-1, total dry matter plant-1 were also significantly greater in November planting. Highest plant height, branches plant-1 and leaves plant-1, shoot dry weight plant-1 and total dry matter were found in GPB-2 genotype. Key words: Early and late planting, shoot and root mass, Glycine max. DOI = 10.3329/jard.v5i1.1453 J Agric Rural Dev 5(1&2), 25-29, June 2007

scholarly journals Drought-Induced Root Pressure in Sorghum bicolor

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Tepler Drobnitch ◽  
Louise H. Comas ◽  
Nora Flynn ◽  
Jorge Ibarra Caballero ◽  
Ryan W. Barton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Biomass Production ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Shoot Biomass ◽  
Cellular Transport ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Root Pressure ◽  
Coarse Root ◽  
Gene Transcripts

Root pressure, also manifested as profusive sap flowing from cut stems, is a phenomenon in some species that has perplexed biologists for much of the last century. It is associated with increased crop production under drought, but its function and regulation remain largely unknown. In this study, we investigated the initiation, mechanisms, and possible adaptive function of root pressure in six genotypes of Sorghum bicolor during a drought experiment in the greenhouse. We observed that root pressure was induced in plants exposed to drought followed by re-watering but possibly inhibited by 100% re-watering in some genotypes. We found that root pressure in drought stressed and re-watered plants was associated with greater ratio of fine: coarse root length and shoot biomass production, indicating a possible role of root allocation in creating root pressure and adaptive benefit of root pressure for shoot biomass production. Using RNA-Seq, we identified gene transcripts that were up- and down-regulated in plants with root pressure expression, focusing on genes for aquaporins, membrane transporters, and ATPases that could regulate inter- and intra-cellular transport of water and ions to generate positive xylem pressure in root tissue.

scholarly journals In Vitro Propagation, Phytochemical and Neuropharmacological Profiles of Bacopa monnieri (L.) Wettst.: A Review

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Partha Sarathi Saha ◽  
Sayantika Sarkar ◽  
Rajendran Jeyasri ◽  
Pandiyan Muthuramalingam ◽  
Manikandan Ramesh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
De Novo ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Bacopa Monnieri ◽  
Shoot Biomass ◽  
Multiplication Rate ◽  
Shoot Cultures ◽  
Bioactive Constituents ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Diseases ◽  
Direct Shoot

Bacopa monnieri has been used as a reputed drug in the Indian traditional ayurvedic system for centuries. This medicinal herb with important phytopharmaceuticals has been popularly known as “Brahmi”. In recent years, B. monnieri has been extensively studied for its bioactive constituents, constituents responsible for memory enhancing effect, and also its diverse other useful effects. It possesses many pharmacological activities such as antioxidant, gastrointestinal, endocrine, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory etc. The plant has been also used for the treatment of neurological and neuropsychiatric diseases. Due to its multipurpose therapeutic potential, micropropagation using axillary meristems and de novo organogenesis has been extensively studied in the species and is being reviewed. High frequency direct shoot organogenesis can be induced in excised leaf and internode explants in the absence of exogenous phytohormones and the rate of induction is enhanced in the presence of exogenous cytokinins, supplements, growth regulators, etc. Using explants from tissue culture raised plants, direct shoot regeneration leading to production of more than 100 rooted plants/explant within 8–12 weeks period with 85%–100% survival in the field after acclimatization can be expected following optimized protocols. Bioreactor based micropropagation was found to increase the multiplication rate of shoot cultures for the commercial propagation of B. monnieri plants. The maximum content of bacosides has been recorded in shoot biomass using an airlift bioreactor system. Further studies for the biosynthesis of bacosides and other secondary metabolites need to be conducted in the species utilizing untransformed shoot cultures in bioreactors.

scholarly journals Determinants of Shoot Biomass Production in Mulberry: Combined Selection with Leaf Morphological and Physiological Traits

Plants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xu Cao ◽  
Qiudi Shen ◽  
Chunqiong Shang ◽  
Honglei Yang ◽  
Li Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Biomass Production ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Leaf Expansion ◽  
Physiological Traits ◽  
Shoot Biomass ◽  
Shoot Height ◽  
Total Nitrogen Concentration

Physiological and morphological traits have a considerable impact on the biomass production of fast-growing trees. To compare cultivar difference in shoot biomass and investigate its relationships with leaf functional traits in mulberry, agronomic traits and 20 physiological and morphological attributes of 3-year-old mulberry trees from eight cultivars growing in a common garden were analyzed. The cultivars Xiang7920, Yu711, and Yunsang2 had higher shoot fresh biomass (SFB), which was closely associated with their rapid leaf expansion rate, large leaf area, and high stable carbon isotope composition (δ13C). Conversely, the cultivars 7307, Husang32, Wupu, Yunguo1, and Liaolu11 were less productive, and this was primarily the result of slower leaf expansion and smaller leaf size. Growth performance was negatively correlated with leaf δ13C and positively correlated with the total nitrogen concentration, indicating that a compromise exists in mulberry between water use efficiency (WUE) (low δ13C) and high nitrogen consumption for rapid growth. Several morphological traits, including the maximum leaf area (LAmax), leaf width and length, petiole width and length, leaf number per shoot, and final shoot height were correlated with SFB. The physiological traits that were also influential factors of shoot biomass were the leaf δ13C, the total nitrogen concentration, and the water content. Among the studied leaf traits, LAmax, leaf δ13C, and concentrations of chlorophyll a and b were identified as the most representative predictor variables for SFB, accounting for 73% of the variability in SFB. In conclusion, a combination of LAmax, leaf δ13C, and chlorophyll should be considered in selection programs for high-yield mulberry cultivars.

scholarly journals Effects of earthworms and mycorrhizal fungi on the growth of the medicinal herb Calendula officinalis (Asteraceae)

2011 ◽  
Vol 57 (No. 11) ◽  
pp. 499-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.G. Zaller ◽  
F. Saccani ◽  
T. Frank
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Production ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Lumbricus Terrestris ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Stem Length ◽  
Shoot Biomass ◽  
Calendula Officinalis ◽  
Amf Inoculation

  Both earthworms and symbiotic arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) often co-occurr in ecosystems, however very little is known on their interrelationships. Here we tested to what extent earthworms (Annelida) or AMF (Glomales) separately or in combination affect the growth of the pharmaceutical plant species, pot marigold (Calendula officinalis, Asteraceae). We conducted a greenhouse experiment using non-sterilized field soil where we manipulated the factors earthworms (addition/no addition of the vertical burrowing species Lumbricus terrestris) and AMF (addition/no addition of a mix of the four Glomus taxa G. geosporum, G. mosseae, G. intraradices, G. claroideum). Leaf length and flower stem length was significantly increased by earthworms but remained unaffected by additional AMF. The longest leaves and flower stems were observed in pots containing earthworms but no additional AMF. The number of flower buds was unaffected by earthworms but marginally significantly increased by AMF. Plant shoot biomass production was significantly higher when earthworms were present; AMF inoculation had no effect on biomass production. Root biomass production and total plant biomass production remained unaffected by earthworms or AMF. These results indicate that in soil already containing AMF earthworm addition primarily affects vegetative growth while additional AMF inoculation tended to affect reproductive plant parts.

scholarly journals N sources affect growth, nutrient content, and net photosynthesis in maté (Ilex paraguariensis St. Hil.)

2006 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 689-697 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sérgio Gaiad ◽  
Miroslava Rakocevic ◽  
Carlos Bruno Reissmann
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Biomass Production ◽  
Net Photosynthesis ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Leaf Number ◽  
Shoot Biomass ◽  
Ilex Paraguariensis ◽  
N Content ◽  
N Sources

The influence of different N sources on the growth of maté (Ilex paragurariensis St.Hil.) seedlings grown in greenhouse was studied. All seedlings received a base fertilization of 10 mg N.kg-1 soil as NH4NO3, 60 mg P2O5.and 40 mg K2O.kg-1 soil as KH2PO4 15 days before treatments application. Treatments were as follow: Control, with no extra N added; Urea = 100 mg N.kg-1 soil as Urea; NO3- = 100 mg N.kg-1 soil as Ca(NO3)2; and NH4+ = 100 mg N.kg-1 soil as (NH4)2SO4. It was concluded that: 1) increasing N content in leaves alone was not able to promote gain in biomass production of maté seedlings; 2) seedlings receiving N-NH4 showed a higher accumulation of P and Mg on shoot biomass; and 3) an increase in leaf area, leaf number and net photosynthesis observed at the N-NH4 treatment was coincident with an increasing absorption of P and Mg.

Temperature effect on biomass production and root/shoot biomass ratios in two arctic sedges under controlled environmental conditions

1984 ◽  
Vol 62 (10) ◽  
pp. 2150-2153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jochen Kummerow ◽  
Barbara A. Ellis
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Production ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Large Fraction ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Shoot Biomass ◽  
Eriophorum Vaginatum ◽  
Temperature Optimum ◽  
Active Growth ◽  
Leaf Production ◽  
Higher Temperature

The effect of differential root and shoot temperatures on biomass production of the arctic sedges Eriophorum vaginatum and Carex bigelowii was analyzed under controlled environmental conditions. Both species showed active growth at 2 °C root and shoot temperatures although warmer conditions substantially enhanced biomass production. In E. vaginatum, under the optimal 12 °C root and 12 °C shoot temperature regime, about six times more biomass was produced than under the 2 °C conditions. The corresponding temperatures for C. bigelowii were 12 °C root and 22 °C air, although the data did not preclude a higher temperature optimum for this species. The results support the hypothesis that in arctic sedges the root/shoot biomass ratios are small with low root temperatures, i.e., a relatively large fraction of the photosynthate is allocated to leaf production under cold conditions.

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