scholarly journals Human gut microbiome impacts skeletal muscle mass via gut microbial synthesis of the short‐chain fatty acid butyrate among healthy menopausal women

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wan‐Qiang Lv ◽  
Xu Lin ◽  
Hui Shen ◽  
Hui‐Min Liu ◽  
Xiang Qiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acid ◽  
Chain Fatty Acid ◽  
Microbial Synthesis ◽  
Human Gut ◽  
Menopausal Women

Wheat cell walls and constituent polysaccharides induce similar microbiota profiles upon in vitro fermentation despite different short chain fatty acid end-product levels.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiyi Lu ◽  
Deirdre Mikkelsen ◽  
Hong Yao ◽  
Barbara Williams ◽  
Bernadine Flanagan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Plant Cell ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acid ◽  
Chain Fatty Acid ◽  
Plant Cell Walls ◽  
Human Gut ◽  
In Vitro Fermentation

Plant cell walls as well as their component polysaccharides in foods can be utilized to alter and maintain a beneficial human gut microbiota, but it is not known whether the...

Gut microbiome responses to dietary intake of grain-based fibers with the potential to modulate markers of metabolic disease: a systematic literature review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgina M Williams ◽  
Linda C Tapsell ◽  
Claire L O’Brien ◽  
Susan M Tosh ◽  
Eden M Barrett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Acid Production ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acid ◽  
Chain Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Production ◽  
Microbiome Diversity ◽  
Cereal Fiber ◽  
Dietary Data

Abstract Context Cereal fiber modulates the gut microbiome and benefits metabolic health. The potential link between these effects is of interest.0 Objective The aim for this systematic review was to assess evidence surrounding the influence of cereal fiber intake on microbiome composition, microbiome diversity, short-chain fatty acid production, and risk factors for metabolic syndrome. Data Sources and Extraction The MEDLINE, PubMed, CINAHL, and Cochrane Library databases were searched systematically, and quality of studies was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2.0 tool. Evidence relating to study design, dietary data collection, and outcomes was qualitatively synthesized on the basis of fiber type. Data Analysis Forty-six primary publications and 2 secondary analyses were included. Cereal fiber modulated the microbiome in most studies; however, taxonomic changes indicated high heterogeneity. Short-chain fatty acid production, microbiome diversity, and metabolic-related outcomes varied and did not always occur in parallel with microbiome changes. Poor dietary data were a further limitation. Conclusions Cereal fiber may modulate the gut microbiome; however, evidence of the link between this and metabolic outcomes is limited. Additional research is required with a focus on robust and consistent methodology. Systematic Review Registration PROSPERO registration no. CRD42018107117

scholarly journals Fecal Short-Chain Fatty Acid Concentrations Increase in Newly Paired Male Marmosets (Callithrix jacchus)

mSphere ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lifeng Zhu ◽  
Mallory J. Suhr Van Haute ◽  
Haley R. Hassenstab ◽  
Caroline Smith ◽  
Devin J. Rose ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acid ◽  
Social Contact ◽  
Common Marmoset ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Chain Fatty Acid ◽  
Short Chain ◽  
Chain Fatty Acids

ABSTRACT The role by which the gut microbiome influences host health (e.g., energy equilibrium and immune system) may be partly mediated by short-chain fatty acids, which are bacterial fermentation products from the dietary fibers. However, little is known about longitudinal changes in gut microbiome metabolites during cohabitation alongside social contact. In common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus), the gut microbiome community is influenced by social contact, as newly paired males and females develop convergent microbial profiles. Here, we monitored the dynamics of short-chain fatty acid concentrations in common marmoset feces from the prepairing (PRE) to postpairing (POST) stages. In males, we observed that the concentrations of acetate, propionate, isobutyrate, and isovalerate significantly increased in the POST stage compared to the PRE stage. However, no significant changes were found in females. We further found that the propionate concentration was significantly positively correlated with the abundance of Phascolarctobacterium in the male feces. Thus, the sex difference in the changes in the concentrations of short-chain fatty acids might be related to sex-biased gut microbiome transmission after pairing. We suggest that the significant changes in the gut microbiomes and some short-chain fatty acids of the common marmoset during cohabitation may contribute to physiological homeostasis during pairing. IMPORTANCE This study addressed a knowledge gap about longitudinal changes in the gut microbiome metabolites during animal pairing. This research in the laboratory common marmoset can control for the confounding factors such as diet and other environmental conditions. Phascolarctobacterium showed the highest contribution to the sex-biased transmission of the female to the male after pairing. Here, we observed the sex difference in the increase in short-chain fatty acid concentration in the feces of newly paired marmosets, which may be caused by the sex-biased gut microbiome transmission after pairing.

scholarly journals Analysis of the gut microbiome and plasma short-chain fatty acid profiles in a spontaneous mouse model of metabolic syndrome

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuchika Nishitsuji ◽  
Jinzhong Xiao ◽  
Ryosuke Nagatomo ◽  
Hitomi Umemoto ◽  
Yuki Morimoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Mouse Model ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acid ◽  
Chain Fatty Acid ◽  
Short Chain ◽  
Fatty Acid Profiles

scholarly journals Propionate and Alzheimer’s Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Killingsworth ◽  
Darrell Sawmiller ◽  
R. Douglas Shytle
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acid ◽  
Medication Use ◽  
Chain Fatty Acid ◽  
Human Gut ◽  
Propionate Metabolism

Propionate, a short-chain fatty acid, serves important roles in the human body. However, our review of the current literature suggests that under certain conditions, excess levels of propionate may play a role in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The cause of the excessive levels of propionate may be related to the Bacteroidetes phylum, which are the primary producers of propionate in the human gut. Studies have shown that the relative abundance of the Bacteroidetes phylum is significantly increased in older adults. Other studies have shown that levels of the Bacteroidetes phylum are increased in persons with AD. Studies on the diet, medication use, and propionate metabolism offer additional potential causes. There are many different mechanisms by which excess levels of propionate may lead to AD, such as hyperammonemia. These mechanisms offer potential points for intervention.

Sleep and the Gut Microbiome in Psoriasis: Clinical Implications for Disease Progression and the Development of Cardiometabolic Comorbidities

2020 ◽  
pp. 247553032096478
Author(s):  
Bridget Myers ◽  
Vidhatha Reddy ◽  
Nicholas Brownstone ◽  
Stephanie Chan ◽  
Quinn Thibodeaux ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acid ◽  
Chain Fatty Acid ◽  
Short Chain ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Cardiometabolic Diseases ◽  
Sleep Dysfunction ◽  
Literature Searches ◽  
Acid Producing Bacteria

Background: Sleep dysfunction and sleep disorders are important comorbidities of psoriasis. Not only do these sleep comorbidities contribute to reduced quality of life, but they may also lead to worsening psoriasis and increased susceptibility to cardiometabolic diseases. While psoriasis and sleep dysfunction are thought to be linked by itch, depression, and immune system dysregulation, the relationship between psoriasis and sleep dysfunction is not yet fully understood. Objective: We sought to compare previous studies characterizing the gut microbiome in psoriasis and sleep dysfunction and examine the potential relevance of shared findings on cardiometabolic and overall health. Methods: We performed literature searches of PubMed and Embase databases to find studies evaluating the gut microbiome in psoriasis, sleep dysfunction, and cardiometabolic diseases. Results: Studies characterizing the gut microbiome in psoriasis and sleep dysfunction reveal shared findings, specifically an increased Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes ratio and reduced abundance of short-chain fatty acid–producing bacteria. These dysbiotic features have also been shown to promote systemic inflammation and cardiometabolic disease. Conclusion: In favoring an increased Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes ratio and reduced abundance of short-chain fatty acid–producing bacteria, sleep dysfunction could be contributing to worsening psoriasis and cardiometabolic comorbidities through intestinal dysbiosis. Future studies are needed to determine whether gut- and sleep-targeting interventions could be therapeutic in patients with psoriasis having poor sleep.

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