scholarly journals The organization of functional neurocognitive networks in focal epilepsy correlates with domain‐specific cognitive performance

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoffer Hatlestad‐Hall ◽  
Ricardo Bruña ◽  
Aksel Erichsen ◽  
Vebjørn Andersson ◽  
Marte Roa Syvertsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Focal Epilepsy ◽  
Domain Specific

scholarly journals Mediterranean Lifestyle in Relation to Cognitive Health: Results from the HELIAD Study

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1557 ◽  
Author(s):  
Costas Anastasiou ◽  
Mary Yannakoulia ◽  
Meropi Kontogianni ◽  
Mary Kosmidis ◽  
Eirini Mamalaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Cognitive Outcomes ◽  
Lifestyle Factor ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Cognitive Domains ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Z Scores ◽  
Lifestyle Pattern

Many lifestyle factors have been linked to cognitive function but little is known about their combined effect. An overall lifestyle pattern for people living in the Mediterranean basin has been proposed, including diet, but also physical activity, sleep and daily living activities with social/intellectual aspects. We aimed to examine the associations between a combination of these lifestyle factors and detailed cognitive performance. A total of 1716 participants from the Hellenic Longitudinal Investigation of Ageing and Diet (HELIAD), a population-based study of participants ≥65 years, were included in this analysis. Lifestyle factors were evaluated using standard, validated questionnaires and a Total Lifestyle Index (TLI) was constructed. Cognitive outcomes included mild cognitive impairment (MCI) diagnosis, a composite z-score (either continuous or with a threshold at the 25th percentile) and z-scores for five cognitive domains. A higher TLI was associated with 65% reduced odds for MCI in the non-demented individuals and 43% reduced odds for low global cognition when MCI participants were excluded, a risk reduction equivalent to 9 and 2.7 fewer years of ageing, respectively. Each lifestyle factor was differentially associated with domain-specific cognitive performance. Our results suggest that a TLI, more so than single lifestyle parameters, may be related to cognitive performance.

Electroencephalographic prediction of global and domain specific cognitive performance of clinically active Australian Nurses

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (9) ◽  
pp. 095001
Author(s):  
Ty Lees ◽  
Shamona Maharaj ◽  
George Kalatzis ◽  
Najah T Nassif ◽  
Phillip J Newton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Domain Specific

scholarly journals Regional brain amyloid-β accumulation associates with domain-specific cognitive performance in Parkinson disease without dementia

PLoS ONE ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. e0177924 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rizwan S. Akhtar ◽  
Sharon X. Xie ◽  
Yin J. Chen ◽  
Jacqueline Rick ◽  
Rachel G. Gross ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson Disease ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Amyloid Β ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Regional Brain

P4-402: Exploring associations between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and domain-specific cognitive performance using Restricted Cubic Splines: A cross-sectional study in Dutch elderly

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. P882-P883
Author(s):  
Elske Brouwer-Brolsma ◽  
Rosalie Dhonuskhe-Rutten ◽  
Janneke van Wijngaarden ◽  
Nikita van der Zwaluw ◽  
Paulette in 't Veld ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cubic Splines ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Restricted Cubic Splines

Negative Mental States and Their Association to the Cognitive Function of Nurses

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 207-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shamona Maharaj ◽  
Ty Lees ◽  
Sara Lal
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Mental State ◽  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Mental States ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Depression Anxiety Stress Scale ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
State Examination

Abstract. Nurses’ inherently stressful occupation leaves them at a higher risk of developing negative mental states (stress, anxiety, and depression). However, research examining the effect of negative mental states on these health professionals’ cognitive performance is sparse. Thus, the present study aimed to assess the link between negative mental states and cognitive performance in nurses ( n = 53). Negative mental state data was obtained using the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale, brain activity was measured using electroencephalography, and finally, cognitive performance was assessed using the Cognistat and the Mini-Mental State Examination. Significant negative correlations ( p < .05) were observed between anxiety and attention, and all three negative mental states and memory performance. Electroencephalographic changes indicated that increases in anxiety were significantly associated ( p < .05) with decreases in gamma reactivity at fronto-central sites. The current study suggests that higher levels of negative mental states are associated with domain-specific cognitive impairments, and variations in gamma reactivity; possibly reflecting less optimal cortical functioning.

scholarly journals Migraine comorbidity and cognitive performance in patients with focal epilepsy

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 ◽  
pp. 29-33
Author(s):  
Olivia A.J. Begasse de Dhaem ◽  
Jacqueline French ◽  
Chris Morrison ◽  
Kimford J. Meador ◽  
Dale C. Hesdorffer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Focal Epilepsy

Exercise training and cognitive performance in persons with multiple sclerosis: A systematic review and multilevel meta-analysis of clinical trials

2020 ◽  
pp. 135245852091793 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reza Gharakhanlou ◽  
Leonie Wesselmann ◽  
Annette Rademacher ◽  
Amit Lampit ◽  
Raoof Negaresh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Training Dose ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Positive Effects

Background: Cognitive impairment is common, debilitating, and poorly managed in persons with multiple sclerosis (pwMS). Exercise training might have positive effects on cognitive performance in pwMS, yet the overall magnitude, heterogeneity, and potential moderators remain unclear. Objective: This three-level meta-analysis aims to identify the effects of exercise training and those of exercise modalities on global and domain-specific cognitive performance in pwMS. Methods: MEDLINE, PsycInfo, SportDiscus, CENTRAL, and EMBASE were screened for randomized and non-randomized clinical trials from inception to 27 January 2020, yielding 3091 articles. Based on titles and abstracts, 75 articles remained in the selection process. After full-text evaluation, 13 studies were finally selected (PROSPERO pre-registered). Results: The pooled effect of exercise training on the global cognitive performance was null ( g = 0.04, 95% confidence interval (CI): –0.11 to 0.18) and no significant differences were displayed among domains. Heterogeneity within studies was null ([Formula: see text]= 0.0%) and between studies was low ([Formula: see text]= 25.1%). None of the moderators (exercise modalities, age, Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS), supervision, cognitive domains) reached significance. However, the exercise volume explained most of the overall heterogeneity (slope = 4.651 × 10−5, [Formula: see text] = 100%, [Formula: see text] = 52.34%). Conclusion: These results do not support the efficacy of exercise training on global or domain-specific cognitive performance in pwMS. Future studies are needed to determine whether higher training dose are beneficial.

scholarly journals Differential effects of sex on longitudinal patterns of cognitive decline in Parkinson’s disease

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan C. Bakeberg ◽  
Anastazja M. Gorecki ◽  
Jade E. Kenna ◽  
Alexa Jefferson ◽  
Michelle Byrnes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Global Cognition ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Cognitive impairment is an important and diverse symptom of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Sex is a purported risk variable for cognitive decline in PD, but has not been comprehensively investigated. Objectives This cross-sectional and longitudinal study examined sex differences in global and domain-specific cognitive performance in a large PD cohort. Methods Cognitive function was evaluated using the Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination in 392 people with PD (PwP) from the Australian Parkinson’s Disease Registry. The influence of sex on domain-specific cognitive performance was investigated using covariate-corrected generalised linear models. In a repeated measures longitudinal subset of 127 PwP, linear mixed models were used to assess the impact of sex on cognition over time, while accounting for covariates. Results Cross-sectional-corrected modelling revealed that sex was significantly predictive of cognitive performance, with males performing worse than females on global cognition, and memory and fluency domains. Longitudinally, sex was significantly predictive of cognitive decline, with males exhibiting a greater reduction in global cognition and language, whereas females showed a greater decline in attention/orientation, memory and visuospatial domains, despite starting with higher baseline scores. At follow-up, a significantly higher proportion of males than females fulfilled criteria for mild cognitive impairment or PD dementia. Conclusions Sex was revealed as a significant determinant of overall cognitive performance as well as specific cognitive domains, with a differential pattern of decline in male and female participants. Such sex-specific findings appear to explain some of the heterogeneity observed in PD, warranting further investigation of mechanisms underlying this sexual dimorphism.

scholarly journals Breastfeeding Duration Is Associated With Domain-Specific Improvements in Cognitive Performance in 9–10-Year-Old Children

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel A. Lopez ◽  
John J. Foxe ◽  
Yunjiao Mao ◽  
Wesley K. Thompson ◽  
Hayley J. Martin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Propensity Score ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Breastfeeding Duration ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
General Ability ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Neurocognitive Tests ◽  
Cognitive Benefits

Significant immunological, physical and neurological benefits of breastfeeding in infancy are well-established, but to what extent these gains persist into later childhood remain uncertain. This study examines the association between breastfeeding duration and subsequent domain-specific cognitive performance in a diverse sample of 9–10-year-olds enrolled in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study®. The analyses included 9,116 children that attended baseline with their biological mother and had complete neurocognitive and breastfeeding data. Principal component analysis was conducted on data from an extensive battery of neurocognitive tests using varimax-rotation to extract a three-component model encompassing General Ability, Executive Functioning, and Memory. Propensity score weighting using generalized boosted modeling was applied to balance the distribution of observed covariates for children breastfed for 0, 1–6, 7–12, and more than 12 months. Propensity score-adjusted linear regression models revealed significant association between breastfeeding duration and performance on neurocognitive tests representing General Ability, but no evidence of a strong association with Executive Function or Memory. Benefits on General Ability ranged from a 0.109 (1–6 months) to 0.301 (&gt;12 months) standardized beta coefficient difference compared to those not breastfed. Results indicate clear cognitive benefits of breastfeeding but that these do not generalize to all measured domains, with implications for public health policy as it pertains to nutrition during infancy.

Explaining Upper or Lower Extremity Crossover Effects of Visuomotor Choice Reaction Time Training

2019 ◽  
Vol 126 (4) ◽  
pp. 675-693 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias Engeroff ◽  
Florian Giesche ◽  
Daniel Niederer ◽  
Sina Gerten ◽  
Jan Wilke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Upper Extremity ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Choice Reaction Time ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Crossover Effects ◽  
Before And After

Current evidence indicates a strong relation between improved visuomotor choice reaction time (VMRT) and a reduced risk of lower extremity injury, making both lower- and upper extremity VMRT training paradigms valuable to athletes. This investigation studied as yet unconfirmed crossover effects of upper extremity training on lower extremity performance; and we evaluated underlying relevant perceptual and cognitive adaptations. In this three-armed, randomized, controlled intervention, we used a computerized training device to compare participants receiving four weeks of upper ( n = 12) and lower ( n = 12) extremity VMRT training with a control group ( n = 13) of healthy participants. Collectively, our participants had a mean age of 24.6 years ( SD = 2.2), a mean height of 173 cm ( SD = 10), and a mean weight of 69.6 kg ( SD = 12.1); 57% ( n = 21) were female and 43% ( n = 16) were male. We assessed participants’ upper and lower extremity VMRT performance and domain-specific perceptual and cognitive abilities before and after intervention and analyzed differences between their before and after performances. Lower extremity training enhanced VMRT performances for both lower extremity and crossover upper extremity. Upper extremity training improved VMRT for upper extremity and increased cognitive choice reaction performance but yielded no crossover effects to lower extremity. We found no effects of VMRT training on other domain-specific cognitive performance markers (attention, executive function, memory, or working memory). VMRT training modulated only task-specific cognitive performance and induced crossover effects from lower extremity training to upper extremity performance but not vice versa.

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