New Modified Equations to Estimate the Percentage of Over Three Emulsifiers in Emulsifier Mixture to Form a Stable Emulsion

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmoud R. Noor El‐Din ◽  
Sabti M.M. Hmeidan
Keyword(s):  
Stable Emulsion ◽  
Modified Equations

Pemanfaatan Metil Ester Sulfonat pada Pembuatan Deterjen Cair

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (14) ◽  
pp. 143-155
Author(s):  
Eldha Sampepana ◽  
Suroto Hadi Saputra
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Linear Alkylbenzene Sulfonate ◽  
Emulsion Stability ◽  
Alcohol Sulfate ◽  
Stable Emulsion ◽  
Linear Alkylbenzene ◽  
Alkylbenzene Sulfonate ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Right

In the manufacture of detergents still using surfactants (which serves as an emulsifier) of crude oil in the form of the AS. (alcohol sulfate) and LAS (linear alkylbenzene sulfonate), where this type of surfactant cannot be degraded by microorganisms when discharged into the environment, causing environmental pollution. Methyl ester sulfonate surfactant is an anionic surfactant which has a composition of C16 - C18 fatty acids are capable of acting against nature deterjensinya, while the C12 - C14 fatty acids contribute to the foaming effect. The purpose of this study was to look for the formulation of methyl ester sulfonate (MES) the right to produce a good detergent by using materials such as methyl ester sulfonate surfactant self-made, methyl ester sulfonate and sodium lauryl market Ester Sulfate (SLS) with a concentration of 15 %, 20 % and 25 %. Detergent results of the study have high detergency ( net ) compared with the detergency of detergent commercial, have a stable emulsion stability, the stability of the foam/foam detergent power made from methyl ester sulfonate surfactant produces less foam, compared with a detergent made from SLS and surfactant SNI 06-4075-1996 standards.

Relative Viscosity Model for Oil/Water Stable Emulsion Flow within Electrical Submersible Pumps

2021 ◽  
pp. 116827
Author(s):  
Natan Augusto Vieira Bulgarelli ◽  
Jorge Luiz Biazussi ◽  
William Monte Verde ◽  
Carlos Eduardo Perles ◽  
Marcelo Souza de Castro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Relative Viscosity ◽  
Viscosity Model ◽  
Stable Emulsion ◽  
Electrical Submersible Pumps ◽  
Emulsion Flow ◽  
Oil Water

scholarly journals Development of Microencapsulation Method of Gamma-Decalactone

Proceedings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 2
Author(s):  
Jolanta Małajowicz ◽  
Aleksandra Jedlińska ◽  
Katarzyna Samborska ◽  
Amr Edris
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Final Stage ◽  
Rapeseed Oil ◽  
Gum Arabic ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Food Additive ◽  
Stable Emulsion ◽  
Valuable Method ◽  
Microencapsulation Method

Microencapsulation is a technique that is increasingly used to encapsulate fragrances. It offers a valuable method to protect aromas against degradation in technological processes and during storage, which extends the usefulness of the aroma in the production and processing of food products. The aim of this research was to develop a microencapsulation method of gamma-decalactone, a cyclic ester with the scent of peach, which is used as a food additive. The carrier used for microencapsulation was an emulsion consisting of rapeseed oil, maltodextrin and gum Arabic. In this work, optimization of the carrier composition was performed in order to obtain a stable emulsion. The effect of inlet air temperature (80 °C, 180 °C) during spray drying on the powder quality parameters was then analyzed. In the final stage, the gamma-decalactone content in the obtained powders was evaluated. The results showed that emulsions based on colza oil and gum Arabic are a good carrier for the microencapsulation of gamma-decalactone. The use of high pressure during homogenization results in better fragmentation and homogenization of the emulsion. Drying at a higher inlet air temperature (180 °C) contributes to a more efficient microencapsulation process in that more aroma is encapsulated inside the capsules with less adhering to their surface.

Emulsification of Catalytic Pyrolysis Oil from Nanoporous Zeolite Socony Mobil-5 with Diesel Using a Range of Emulsifiers in an Ultrasonicator

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 3955-3959
Author(s):  
Abid Farooq ◽  
Young-Kwon Park
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Catalytic Pyrolysis ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Engine Fuel ◽  
Pyrolysis Oil ◽  
Benzene Derivatives ◽  
Stable Emulsion ◽  
Physiochemical Properties ◽  
Span 80 ◽  
Tween 60

Catalytic pyrolysis oil (CPO) was produced from lignin using the ex-situ mechanism and nanoporous HZSM-5 (SiO2/Al2O3 = 50) as a catalyst. The oil contained phenolics, esters, acids, and benzene derivatives as the major constituents. The emulsification of CPO in diesel was tested with several emulsifier combinations such as Span 80 and Tween 60, Span 80 and Atlox 4916, and Atlox 4916 and Zephrym PD3315 in the HLB range of 5.8–7.3. The HLB value of 5.8 using the combination of Span 80 and Atlox 4916 and the CPO:emulsifier:diesel ratio of 5:2:93 (wt%), provided a stable emulsion for 10 days. The physiochemical properties of that emulsion were comparable to diesel. Hence, emulsions of CPO and diesel can potentially be used as a diesel engine fuel.

scholarly journals A Strongly Consistent Finite Difference Scheme for Steady Stokes Flow and its Modified Equations

2018 ◽  
pp. 67-81
Author(s):  
Yury A. Blinkov ◽  
Vladimir P. Gerdt ◽  
Dmitry A. Lyakhov ◽  
Dominik L. Michels
Keyword(s):  
Finite Difference ◽  
Difference Scheme ◽  
Stokes Flow ◽  
Finite Difference Scheme ◽  
Modified Equations ◽  
Strongly Consistent

scholarly journals Stable Emulsion Regions of Surfactant-Oil-Water and Surfactant-Oil-Water-Long Chain Alcohol Systems

1980 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 227-234
Author(s):  
Akira TSUGITA ◽  
Yasushi NISHIJIMA ◽  
Tsunetaka SASAKI
Keyword(s):  
Stable Emulsion ◽  
Chain Alcohol ◽  
Oil Water ◽  
Long Chain Alcohol ◽  
Long Chain

scholarly journals PENAMBAHAN EKSTRAK SALAK SIDEMPUAN (Salacca sumatrana) UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PENERIMAAN EMULSI MINYAK OLEIN SAWIT MERAH

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 88-98
Author(s):  
Sondang L Nadapdap ◽  
Budiyanto Budiyanto ◽  
Lukman Hidayat
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Functional Properties ◽  
Palm Olein ◽  
Sensory Attributes ◽  
Stable Emulsion ◽  
Sensory Acceptability ◽  
Extract Yield ◽  
Composition Ratios ◽  
Red Palm Olein ◽  
Olein Oil

Carotenoids in red palm olein oil (RPOOO) have been scientifically proven to have good functional properties for the human health so that RPOOO has the potential to be used as one of the healthy drinks. One of the problems faced in the use of RPOO as a health drink is the taste and aroma is less interesting. This study aims to obtain the ratio of  RPOO and salak sidempuan extract used to obtain stable emulsion, acceptable  viscosity, and acceptable   emulsion product.    Four emulsions  were prepared using 1% carbonmethylcellulosa as emulcifier and four different composition ratios of RPOO and salak extract were prepared. Emulsions characteristics and their sensory acceptability were investigated.  The results of this study showed that the ratio of RPOO ratio and 1: 2  salak extract obtained the best stability with viscosity of 175 cP emulsion. In addition, emulsions with an RPOO ratio and 1:25 salak extract yield preferable levels of sensory attributes such as color, aroma and taste.    

scholarly journals Analysis Infiltration Waters in Various Forms of Irrigation Channels by Using Dual Reciprocity Boundary Element Method

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-65
Author(s):  
Ana Nurhasanah ◽  
Muhammad Manaqib ◽  
Irma Fauziah
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Element Method ◽  
Boundary Element ◽  
Clay Soils ◽  
Flat Channel ◽  
Modified Equations ◽  
Richard's Equation ◽  
Irrigation Channels ◽  
Channel Surface ◽  
Dimensionless Variables ◽  
Element Method

This research discusses the infiltration of furrow irrigation invarious forms of irrigation channels in homogeneous soils. The governing equation of the problems is a Richard’s Equation. This equation is transformed using a set of transformation including Kirchhoff and dimensionless variables into Helmholtz modified equations. Furthermore with Dual Reciprocity Boundary Element Method (DRBEM), numerical solution of modified Helmholtz equation obtained. The proposed method is tested on problem involved infiltration from periodic flat channels, non-flat channels without impermeable and non-flat channels with impermeable. The greatest value of suction potential and water content is located below the channel surface. The most water consecutively is a non-flat channel without impermeable, non-flat channel with impermeable and flat channel on Lakish Clay soils.  

UNUSUAL HYDRODYNAMICS

1987 ◽  
Vol 02 (05) ◽  
pp. 1591-1615 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.A. BEREZIN
Keyword(s):  
Black Hole ◽  
Cosmological Model ◽  
Production Process ◽  
Particle Production ◽  
Energy Momentum Tensor ◽  
Equations Of Motion ◽  
Momentum Tensor ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Modified Equations ◽  
Nonsingular Cosmological Model

A method for the phenomenological description of particle production is proposed. Correspondingly modified equations of motion and energy-momentum tensor are obtained. In order to illustrate this method we reconsider from the new point of view of (i) the C-field Hoyle-Narlikar cosmology, (ii) the influence of the particle production process on metric inside the event horizon of a charged black hole and (iii) a nonsingular cosmological model.

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