Casein hydrolysate supplementation in low‐crude protein diets increases feed intake and nitrogen retention without affecting nitrogen utilization of growing pigs

2020 ◽  
Vol 100 (4) ◽  
pp. 1748-1756 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junhua Shen ◽  
Huisong Wang ◽  
Yu Pi ◽  
Kan Gao ◽  
Weiyun Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Casein Hydrolysate ◽  
Nitrogen Retention ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Nitrogen Utilization ◽  
Protein Diets

scholarly journals Effects of Dietary Crude Protein on Performance and Nitrogen Economy of Broilers

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malomo G. A. ◽  
Bolu S. A. ◽  
Olutade S. G.
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Nitrogen Retention ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Nitrogen Economy ◽  
Dietary Crude Protein ◽  
Faecal Nitrogen ◽  
Protein Diets

<p>This study assessed the effects of dietary crude protein on performance and nitrogen economy of broilers. Chicks were allotted to 22, 20, 18 and 16% crude protein corn-soy diets in a completely randomized design for forty-two days. Several essential amino acids were observed to be deficient compared to recommendations for broiler chicks as the dietary crude protein level reduced. Feed intake, weight gain, feed to gain ratio, faecal nitrogen, nitrogen retention, anthropogenic potential and dressing percentage were influenced (P &lt; 0.05) by the dietary treatments. However, mortality was not significantly different (P &gt; 0.05). Feed intake, weight gain, nitrogen intake and output were significantly (P &lt; 0.05) depressed as the CP level reduced. However, the best (P &lt; 0.05) nitrogen retention and percentage faecal nitrogen was recorded for broilers fed 20% crude protein diet. Serum total protein, albumin, uric acid, creatinine and glucose were affected (P &lt; 0.05) across treatments. It was concluded that there is a limit to which dietary crude protein of broilers could be reduced without any detrimental effects on the performance and nitrogen economy of the birds, even when the requirements for methionine and lysine has been met, as several other amino acids could be limiting. Consequently, to achieve significant improvement in nitrogen economy and reduction in amount of faecal nitrogen, 20% crude protein diets could be fed to broilers. However, there may be need to further manipulate the amino acid profile of the diet so as to improve its performance to be at par with higher crude protein diets.</p>

Determination of the optimum crude protein requirement of pigs in a tropical environment

1972 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. M. Babatunde ◽  
M. J. Olomu ◽  
V. A. Oyenuga
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nitrogen Retention ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Tropical Environment ◽  
Protein Requirement ◽  
Large White ◽  
Protein Requirements ◽  
Protein Levels

SUMMARYFeeding trials were carried out at different times of the year to determine the optimum crude protein requirements of weaner and growing pigs, using principally the locally available ingredients. The animals used were 96 weaners and 113 growing pigs of the Large White and Landrace breeds of average initial weights of about 9 kg and 41 kg respectively. Test diets contained protein levels ranging from 12% to 24% on a dry-matter basis, and the pigs were mostly group-fed ad libitum except for one trial. Average daily gains, efficiency of feed utilization, apparent nitrogen retention and digestibility, and feed cost per kg of body gain were measured. In a humid tropical environment, such as Ibadan, the optimum crude protein requirement for weaner pigs from 9 kg to 34 kg live weight is between 22 % and 24 % of dry matter, while that for the fattening pigs from 41 kg to 82 kg live weight is between 18% and 21% of dry matter.

scholarly journals Industrial amino acids in diets for piglets and growing pigs

1988 ◽  
Vol 60 (7) ◽  
pp. 673-683
Author(s):  
J. Inborr ◽  
K. Suomi
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Protein Amino Acid ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Slaughter Pigs ◽  
Protein Diets

Two production trials with piglets and one with slaughter pigs were carried out in order to investigate the effects of reducing the protein content in the diets followed by an addition of industrial amino acids on performance and health status. In the first piglet trial the crude protein content of the control diet was decreased from 20 to 18.3 % and in the second from 18.3 to 16.7 %. In the trial with growing pigs, the protein content of the control diet was decreased from 17.0 to 15.5 %. Industrial L-lysine, DL-methionine and L-threonine were added to the low protein diets to get the same levels of these amino acids as in the control diets. Piglet performance was similar on all treatments indicating equal availability of added and protein-bound amino acids. Health status of piglets on the low protein diets was considerably improved, indicating less predisposition to post weaning diarrhoea. Pigs on the low protein amino acid fortified diet tended to gain weight faster (788 vs. 743 g/day; p

Effects of inclusion levels of ficus (Ficus sycomorus) leaf meal in urea treated maize cob based complete diets on the performance of Yankasa goats

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 164-173
Author(s):  
SB Abdu ◽  
MR Hassan ◽  
HY Adamu ◽  
SM Yashim ◽  
GE Jokthan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Nitrogen Retention ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Urea Treatment ◽  
Leaf Meal ◽  
Complete Diet ◽  
Inclusion Level ◽  
Ficus Sycomorus ◽  
Maize Cob

An inclusion level of Ficus sycomorus leaf meal (FSLM) at 0 %(T1), 25%(T2), 50%(T3) and 75%(T4) in Urea treated maize cob based complete diet was evaluated. Four Red Sokoto goats averaging 15 ± 1.5kg live body weight were used to measure feed intake, digestibility and nitrogen balance. Urea treatment of maize cob resulted in two fold increase in crude protein. Feed intake was significantly (p<0.05) affected by inclusion level of Ficus sycomorus. Although the intake of dry matter (DM) and organic matter (OM) were significantly (p<0.05) higher in T2 and decreased with increase in the level of inclusion of Ficus sycomorus leaf meal. Significant (P<0.05) intake of crude protein (CP) was observed in T3. DM digestibility was significantly (p<0.05) higher with supplementation. T2 had higher DM digestibility (46.52), followed by T1 and T3 which were statistically lower and similar (43.39 and 41.36, respectively).The least DM digestibility was observed in T4 (37.69). Inclusion of FSLM significantly (p<0.05) decreased Nitrogen retention with increase in the level of inclusion observed in this order (14.34, 11.59 and 8.45g/day) for T2, T3 and T4, respectively. T1, T2 and T3 had significantly (p<0.05) higher and similar absorbed N, while T4 had a lower absorbed N. Ficus sycomorus can be included up to 50% in a urea treated maize cob based complete diets for feeding goats, without any adverse effects.Key words: complete diet, ficus, maize cob, urea treatment

The thin sow—observations on digestive efficiency, nitrogen balance and carcass composition

1973 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 287-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. MacPherson ◽  
Rosa M. Campbell ◽  
R. I. Smart
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Nitrogen Balance ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Standard Condition ◽  
Nitrogen Retention ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Digestive Efficiency ◽  
Gross Energy ◽  
Balance Trials

SUMMARYMeasurements were made of apparent digestibility of dry matter, nitrogen and lipid, nitrogen balance, pancreatic lipase activity and carcass composition in eight non-pregnant sows during three 10-day balance trials during which the feed intake was 1·1, 0·8 and 2·6 kg/day of a diet containing 14·69% crude protein and 3·0 Meal gross energy/kg DM.All the sows had similar breeding histories and had completed their fourth lactation. Four were in standard condition (mean body weight, 160 kg) and four in thin condition (mean body weight, 134 kg). All the animals lost weight and were in negative nitrogen balance while on the two lower levels of feed intake; the thin sows lost significantly more N than the standard animals (P < 0·05) and on the lowest level of feeding digestibility of DM by the thin sows was significantly less (P < 0·001).In both groups there was a rapid recovery in nitrogen retention and in body weight when the food intake was increased.

The ability of growing pigs to control their protein intake when fed in different ways

1988 ◽  
Vol 1988 ◽  
pp. 10-10
Author(s):  
I. Kyriazakis ◽  
C.C. Emmans ◽  
C.T. Whittemore
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Protein Requirements ◽  
Young Pigs ◽  
Feed Protein ◽  
Different Levels

On a single feed an animal can increase its intake of a nutrient (eg. protein), as its ratio to energy is reduced, only by increasing its rate of energy intake. When given, as a choice, two feeds of a different protein but equal energy contents, it can vary its protein intake independently of Its energy intake by varying the proportion of each feed in its diet.The experiment described here was designed to investigate the effect of feed protein content on the feed intake of young pigs and to test the proposition that young pigs, when given a choice between two feeds of different protein contents, a combination of which is non-limting, will select a diet which meets their protein requirements. In addition an investigation of the rules which govern the diet selection was carried out.Four feeds (L, A, B and H) with similar energy contents (16.5 MJ DE per kg fresh feed) but different levels of crude protein (CP) were formulated and made into pellets. All feeds were intended to be non-limiting in vitamins and minerals.

EFFECT OF SODIUM BICARBONATE ON NITROGEN UTILIZATION AND FEED INTAKE BY LAMBS

1983 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 613-621 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. E. PHILLIP
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Bicarbonate ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Nitrogen Retention ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Ammonia Concentration ◽  
Nitrogen Utilization ◽  
Protein Status ◽  
Sparing Effect ◽  
Induced Changes

Eight wether lambs, four equipped with rumen cannulae and four intact, were assigned to four high-concentrate diets according to a 4 × 4 double latin square with 27-day periods. The basal diet consisted of barley and corn silage, the latter representing 30% of the dry matter (DM), and was either unsupplemented (9% dietary protein) or supplemented (15% protein) with brewers' dried grains. To each of the low protein (LP) and high protein (HP) diets, sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) was either not added or added at the level of 4% of the diet DM. There was a marked, though not statistically significant, improvement in nitrogen retention due to NaHCO3 inclusion, particularly when protein intake was low. Voluntary feed intake increased by 11% as a result of NaHCO3 addition but the effect was nonsignificant. Bicarbonate-induced changes in feed intake were unrelated to changes in rumen pH. A maximum ruminal osmolality of 303 mOsm/kg elicited by NaHCO3 addition did not appear to restrict feed intake. Rumen ammonia concentration tended to decrease as a result of NaHCO3 addition. Digestibility of organic matter and of DM was unaffected by the inclusion of NaHCO3 but digestibility of nitrogen tended to increase. It is suggested that NaHCO3 could have a protein-sparing effect when added to protein-deficient concentrate diets, and that bicarbonate-induced changes in feed intake may be related to its influence on protein status of ruminants. Key words: Bicarbonate, buffers, lambs, nitrogen utilization, feed intake

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