Evaluation of the effectiveness of risk minimization measures for trimetazidine: A cross sectional joint PASS survey among physicians in selected European countries

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (12) ◽  
pp. 1385-1392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorothea von Bredow ◽  
Massoud Toussi ◽  
Abdus Samad ◽  
Sigal Kaplan ◽  
Mónika Domahidy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
European Countries ◽  
Risk Minimization ◽  
Cross Sectional

Risk Minimization Measures in Off-Label Drug Use: A Survey of Community Pharmacists in Malaysia

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 181-189
Author(s):  
Omotayo Fatokun
Keyword(s):  
Informed Consent ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Adverse Drug Events ◽  
Community Pharmacists ◽  
Risk Minimization ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Off Label ◽  
Written Informed Consent

Background: While off-label drug use is common and sometimes necessary, it also presents considerable risks. Therefore, measures intended to prevent or reduce the potential exposure to off-label risks have been recommended. However, little is known about community pharmacists’ beliefs regarding these measures in Malaysia. Objectives: This study examined community pharmacists’ beliefs towards risk minimization measures in off-label drug use in Malaysia and assessed the relationship between perceived risk of off-label drug use and beliefs towards risk minimization measures. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 154 pharmacists practicing in randomly selected community pharmacies in Kuala Lumpur and the State of Selangor, Malaysia. Results: The majority agreed or strongly agreed that adverse drug events from the off-label drug should be reported to the regulatory authority (90.9%) and the off-label drug should only be used when the benefit outweighs potential risks (88.3%). Less than half (48.1%) agreed or strongly agreed that written informed consent should be obtained before dispensing off-label drugs and a majority (63.7%) agreed or strongly agreed that the informed consent process will be burdensome to healthcare professionals. Beliefs towards risk minimization measures were significantly associated with perceived risk of off-label drug use regarding efficacy (p = 0. 033), safety (p = 0.001), adverse drug rection (p = 0.001) and medication errors (p = 0.002). Conclusion: The community pharmacists have positive beliefs towards most of the risk minimization measures. However, beliefs towards written informed consent requirements are not encouraging. Enhancing risk perception may help influence positive beliefs towards risk minimization measures.

scholarly journals Time-Varying Convergences of Environmental Footprint Levels between European Countries

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 1813
Author(s):  
Durmuş Çağrı Yıldırım ◽  
Seda Yıldırım ◽  
Seyfettin Erdoğan ◽  
Işıl Demirtaş ◽  
Gualter Couto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Footprint ◽  
Unit Root Test ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Time Varying ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Ecological Footprints ◽  
Window Method ◽  
International Policies ◽  
Rolling Window

This study proposes the time-varying nonlinear panel unit root test to investigate the convergence of ecological foot prints between the EU and candidate countries. Sixteen European countries (such as Albania, Austria, Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Spain, Sweden and Turkey) and analysis periods are selected according to data availability. This study proposes a cross-sectional Panel KSS with Fourier to test the convergence of the ecological footprints. Then, we combine this methodology with the rolling window method to take into account the time-varying stationarity of series. This study evaluated sub-components of ecological footprints separately and provided more comprehensive findings for the ecological footprint. According to empirical findings, this study proves that convergence or divergence does not show continuity over time. On the other side, this study points out the presence of divergence draws attention when considering the properties of the sub-components in general. As a result, this study shows that international policies by EU countries are generally accepted as successful to reduce ecological footprint, but these are not sufficient as expected. In this point, it is suggested to keep national policies to support international policies in the long term.

scholarly journals Factors associated with physical, psychological and social frailty among community-dwelling older persons in Europe: a cross-sectional study of Urban Health Centres Europe (UHCE)

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lizhen Ye ◽  
Liset E. M. Elstgeest ◽  
Xuxi Zhang ◽  
Tamara Alhambra-Borrás ◽  
Siok Swan Tan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Urban Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Household Composition ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Related Condition ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Age Related

Abstract Background Frailty is an age-related condition resulting in a state of increased vulnerability regarding functioning across multiple systems. It is a multidimensional concept referring to physical, psychological and social domains. The purpose of this study is to identify factors (demographic characteristics, lifestyle factors and health indicators) associated with overall frailty and physical, psychological and social frailty in community-dwelling older people from five European countries. Methods This cross-sectional study used baseline data from 2289 participants of the Urban Health Center European project in five European countries. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to assess associations of the factors with overall frailty and the three frailty domains. Results The mean age was 79.7 (SD = 5.7). Participants who were older, were female, had secondary or equivalent education, lived alone, not at risk of alcohol use, were less physically active, had multi-morbidity, were malnourished or with a higher level of medication risk, had higher odds of overall frailty (all P < 0.05). Age was not associated with psychological and social frailty; sex was not associated with social frailty; smoking and migration background was not associated with overall frailty or any of its domains. There existed an interaction effect between sex and household composition regarding social frailty (P < 0.0003). Conclusions The present study contributed new insights into the risk factors for frailty and its three domains (physical, psychological and social frailty). Nurses, physicians, public health professionals and policymakers should be aware of the risk factors of each type of frailty. Furthermore, examine these risk factors more comprehensively and consider overall frailty as well as its three domains in order to further contribute to decision-making more precisely on the prevention and management of frailty. Trial registration The intervention of the UHCE project was registered in the ISRCTN registry as ISRCTN52788952. The date of registration is 13/03/2017.

scholarly journals Being useful among persons aged over 65: social representations from a cross-sectional European study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul de Boissieu ◽  
Serge Guerin ◽  
Véronique Suissa ◽  
Fiona Ecarnot ◽  
Aude Letty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Representations ◽  
Oldest Old ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Well Being ◽  
European Countries ◽  
City Size ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Socially Isolated ◽  
Quota Sampling

Abstract Background There is a compelling need to prepare our societies and healthcare systems to deal with the oncoming wave of population ageing. The majority of older persons maintain a desire to be valued and useful members of society and of their social networks. Aims We sought to investigate the perception of usefulness among persons aged 65 years and over in four European countries. Methods We performed a cross-sectional survey with a representative sample of individuals aged 65 years or older from the population of retired persons (including recently retired persons and oldest-old individuals) from 4 European countries selected using quota sampling. In February 2016, an internet questionnaire was sent to all selected individuals. The characteristics used for the quota sampling method were sex, age, socio-professional category, region, city size, number of persons in household, autonomy, marital status, place of residence, income and educational status. The questionnaire contained 57 questions. Sociodemographic characteristics were recorded. Responses were analysed with principal components analysis (PCA). Results A total of 4025 persons participated; 51% were males, and 70% were aged 65–75 years. PCA identified six classes of individuals, of which two classes (Classes 2 and 3) were characterized by more socially isolated individuals with little or no sense of usefulness, low self-esteem and a poor sense of well-being. These two classes accounted for almost 20% of the population. Younger and more autonomous classes reported a more salient sense of usefulness. Conclusions The loss of the sense of usefulness is associated with dissatisfaction with life and a loss of pleasure, and persons with profiles corresponding to Classes 2 and 3 should, therefore, be targeted for interventions aimed at restoring social links.

scholarly journals Women's attitudes towards mechanisms of action of birth control methods: a cross-sectional study in five European countries

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (21-22) ◽  
pp. 3006-3015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Lopez-del Burgo ◽  
Rafael T Mikolajczyk ◽  
Alfonso Osorio ◽  
Tania Errasti ◽  
Jokin de Irala
Keyword(s):  
Birth Control ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

scholarly journals Integrated management systems diffusion models in South European countries

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (10) ◽  
pp. 2289-2303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mónica Cabecinhas ◽  
Pedro Domingues ◽  
Paulo Sampaio ◽  
Merce Bernardo ◽  
Fiorenzo Franceschini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Management ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Iso 14001 ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Saturation Level ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
The South ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Content Type

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to dissect the diffusion of the number of organizations that implemented multiple management systems (MSs), considering the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 9001, ISO 14001 and OHSAS 18001 standards (quality, environment and safety) in the South European countries: Italy, Portugal and Spain. In addition, based on the data collected, forecasting models were developed to assess at which extent the multiple certifications are expected to occur in each studied country. Design/methodology/approach Data concerning the evolution of the amount of multiple MSs in Italy, Portugal and Spain were collected for the period between 1999 and 2015. The behavior of the evolution of the number of MSs over the years was studied adopting both the Gompertz and the Logistic models. The results obtained with these two models were compared and analyzed to provide a forecast for the next years. Findings The diffusion throughout the years of the number of MSs presents an S-shaped behavior. The evolution of the amount of MSs in countries with a lower saturation level are properly fitted by the Gompertz model whereas the Logistic model fits more accurately when considering countries with a larger saturation level. Research limitations/implications The data related to the early years are not available in some of the countries. To overcome this shortcoming missing data were extrapolated from the data set provided by the annual ISO survey. Additionally, the integration level attained by each company was not assessed and, on this regard and in the scope of this paper, an integrated management system is understood as implemented when organizations have multiple MSs implemented. Practical implications The results provide a cross-sectional portrayal of the diffusion of MSs certifications in the South European countries and enable a forecast for the trend in the next years. Originality/value This study aims for the first time, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, to analyze the diffusion of multiple MSs throughout the years.

The association between positive-negative reactions of informal caregivers of people with dementia and health outcomes in eight European countries: a cross-sectional study

2014 ◽  
Vol 71 (6) ◽  
pp. 1417-1434 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Carme Alvira ◽  
Ester Risco ◽  
Esther Cabrera ◽  
Marta Farré ◽  
Ingalill Rahm Hallberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Informal Caregivers ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
People With Dementia

scholarly journals Exposure to Online Alcohol Marketing and Adolescents’ Drinking: A Cross-sectional Study in Four European Countries

2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (5) ◽  
pp. 615-621 ◽  
Author(s):  
Avalon de Bruijn ◽  
Rutger Engels ◽  
Peter Anderson ◽  
Michal Bujalski ◽  
Jordy Gosselt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Alcohol Marketing

scholarly journals Stigmatisation and body image impairment in dermatological patients: protocol for an observational multicentre study in 16 European countries

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. e024877 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florence J Dalgard ◽  
Anthony Bewley ◽  
Andrea W Evers ◽  
Uwe Gieler ◽  
Lars Lien ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Multicentre Study ◽  
Skin Disease ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Background Information ◽  
Psychosocial Burden ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
General Anxiety Disorder

IntroductionPatients with common skin diseases may have substantial psychosocial comorbidity and reduced quality of life. This study aims at exploring further the psychosocial burden of skin diseases by assessing stigmatisation and body image problems in a large sample of patients with skin disease across Europe.Methods and analysisThe study is an observational cross-sectional multicentre study across 16 European countries comparing stigmatisation and body image in patients with skin disease compared with controls. Consecutive patients will be recruited in outpatient clinics and will complete validated questionnaires prior to clinical examination by a dermatologist at each recruitment site. In addition to sociodemographic background information, the outcomes will be: mood disorders assessed by short versions of the Patient Health Questionnaire and the General Anxiety Disorder Assessment; general health assessed by the EuroQol-Visual Analogue Scale; stigmatisation experience assessed by the Perceived Stigmatisation Questionnaire; stress assessed by the Perceived Stress Scale and body image assessed by the Dysmorphic Concern Questionnaire. The main criteria for eligibility are to be 18 years old or more. The analysis will include comparison between patients and controls for the main outcomes using t-tests, analyses of covariance and multivariate logistic regression models adjusting for potential confounding factors.Ethics and disseminationThe study protocol is approved by the University of Giessen and by the local Ethical Committee in each recruitment centre. Informed consent will be given by each participant. The results of the study will be disseminated by publications in international peer-reviewed journals and presented at international conferences and general public conferences. Results will influence support intervention and management of patients with skin disease across Europe.Trial registration numberDRKS00012745; Pre-results.

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