Near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy compared with thermogravimetric analysis as a tool for on-line prediction of water diffusion in polyamide 6,6

2002 ◽  
Vol 51 (12) ◽  
pp. 1366-1370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walker Camacho ◽  
M?S Hedenqvist ◽  
Sigbritt Karlsson
Keyword(s):  
Thermogravimetric Analysis ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Nir Spectroscopy ◽  
Water Diffusion ◽  
On Line

On-line application of visible and near infrared reflectance spectroscopy to predict physical and sensory characteristics of beef quality

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 ◽  
pp. 135-135
Author(s):  
N Prieto ◽  
D W Ross ◽  
E A Navajas ◽  
G Nute ◽  
R I Richardson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Nir Spectroscopy ◽  
Reflectance Spectroscopy ◽  
Sensory Characteristics ◽  
Infrared Reflectance ◽  
Near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy ◽  
Beef Quality ◽  
Near Infrared Reflectance ◽  
On Line ◽  
Meat Samples

Visible and near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (Vis-NIR) has been widely used by the industry research-base for large-scale meat quality evaluation to predict the chemical composition of meat quickly and accurately. Meat tenderness is measured by means of slow and destructive methods (e.g. Warner-Bratzler shear force). Similarly, sensory analysis, using trained panellists, requires large meat samples and is a complex, expensive and time-consuming technique. Nevertheless, these characteristics are important criteria that affect consumers’ evaluation of beef quality. Vis-NIR technique provides information about the molecular bonds (chemical constituents) and tissue ultra-structure in a scanned sample and thus can indirectly predict physical or sensory parameters of meat samples. Applications of Vis-NIR spectroscopy in an abattoir for prediction of physical and sensory characteristics have been less developed than in other fields. Therefore, the aim of this study was to test the on-line Vis-NIR spectroscopy for the prediction of beef quality characteristics such as colour, instrumental texture, water holding capacity (WHC) and sensory traits, by direct application of a fibre-optic probe to the M. longissimus thoracis with no prior sample treatment.

scholarly journals Estimation of Secondary Soil Properties by Fusion of Laboratory and On-Line Measured Vis–NIR Spectra

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (23) ◽  
pp. 2819 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Abdul Munnaf ◽  
Said Nawar ◽  
Abdul Mounem Mouazen
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Measurement Accuracy ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy ◽  
Spectral Response ◽  
Nir Spectroscopy ◽  
Accurate Estimation ◽  
Line Measurement ◽  
On Line

Visible and near infrared (vis–NIR) diffuse reflectance spectroscopy has made invaluable contributions to the accurate estimation of soil properties having direct and indirect spectral responses in NIR spectroscopy with measurements made in laboratory, in situ or using on-line (while the sensor is moving) platforms. Measurement accuracies vary with measurement type, for example, accuracy is higher for laboratory than on-line modes. On-line measurement accuracy deteriorates further for secondary (having indirect spectral response) soil properties. Therefore, the aim of this study is to improve on-line measurement accuracy of secondary properties by fusion of laboratory and on-line scanned spectra. Six arable fields were scanned using an on-line sensing platform coupled with a vis–NIR spectrophotometer (CompactSpec by Tec5 Technology for spectroscopy, Germany), with a spectral range of 305–1700 nm. A total of 138 soil samples were collected and used to develop five calibration models: (i) standard, using 100 laboratory scanned samples; (ii) hybrid-1, using 75 laboratory and 25 on-line samples; (iii) hybrid-2, using 50 laboratory and 50 on-line samples; (iv) hybrid-3, using 25 laboratory and 75 on-line samples, and (v) real-time using 100 on-line samples. Partial least squares regression (PLSR) models were developed for soil pH, available potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), and sodium (Na) and quality of models were validated using an independent prediction dataset (38 samples). Validation results showed that the standard models with laboratory scanned spectra provided poor to moderate accuracy for on-line prediction, and the hybrid-3 and real-time models provided the best prediction results, although hybrid-2 model with 50% on-line spectra provided equally good results for all properties except for pH and Na. These results suggest that either the real-time model with exclusively on-line spectra or the hybrid model with fusion up to 50% (except for pH and Na) and 75% on-line scanned spectra allows significant improvement of on-line prediction accuracy for secondary soil properties using vis–NIR spectroscopy.

On-Line Monitoring of Melt-Extrusion Transesterification of Ethylene Vinylacetate Copolymers by near Infrared Spectroscopy and Chemometrics

2002 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 195-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsuyoshi Furukawa ◽  
Yasuo Kita ◽  
Shigehiro Sasao ◽  
Kimihiro Matsukawa ◽  
Masahiro Watari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Nir Spectroscopy ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Intensity Change ◽  
Melt Extrusion ◽  
Peak Intensity ◽  
Fibre Optic Probe ◽  
On Line ◽  
Significant Intensity ◽  
Optic Probe

The melt-extrusion transesterification of ethylene/vinylacetate (EVA) copolymer to ethylene/vinylalcohol (EVAL) copolymers has been monitored by on-line near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy. A total of 60 NIR spectra were measured within 37 minutes after the initial addition of octanol (reagent) and catalyst (sodium methoxide) at the exit of the extruder by use of a fibre-optic probe. The most significant intensity change is observed for a band at 7089 cm−1 due to the first overtone of an OH stretching mode of the EVAL copolymers. We can monitor the progress of the reaction by plotting the peak intensity at 7089 cm−1 only. A principal component analysis (PCA) was carried out for the series of NIR spectra in the 7300–6900 cm−1 region. A score plot of PCA factor 1 is almost identical with the plot of the peak intensity at 7089 cm−1. Calibration models for predicting the vinyl acetate content in EVA copolymers have been developed by use of partial least squares (PLS) regression. The correlation coefficient and standard error of prediction are 0.96 and 0.85%, respectively, indicating that the described technique can be used to monitor the transesterification reaction.

Long-Length Fiber Optic Near-Infrared (NIR) Spectroscopy Probes for On-Line Quality Control of Processed Land Animal Proteins

2018 ◽  
Vol 72 (8) ◽  
pp. 1170-1182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Garrido-Varo ◽  
Ana Sánchez-Bonilla ◽  
Francisco Maroto-Molina ◽  
Cecilia Riccioli ◽  
Dolores Pérez-Marín
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Fiber Optic ◽  
Nir Spectroscopy ◽  
Conveyor Belt ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Processing Plant ◽  
Fiber Optic Cable ◽  
Operating Modes ◽  
On Line ◽  
Dynamic Operating

This research was conducted using a spectral database comprising 346 samples of processed animal proteins (PAPs) with a range of compositions, analyzed using a Fourier transform near-infrared spectroscopy multichannel instrument (Matrix-F, Bruker Optics) coupled to a 100 m fiber optic cable. Using both its static and dynamic operating modes (on a conveyor belt), simulating the movement of the product in the plant, the predictive capabilities of both modes of analysis were assessed and compared, for the purposes of predicting moisture, protein, and ashes. The results show that both exhibit highly similar degrees of precision and accuracy for predicting these parameters. This research provides a foundation of scientific-technical knowledge, hitherto unknown, regarding the “on-line” incorporation of an instrument (equipped with a 100 m fiber optic cable) into a processing plant of by-products of animal origin.

scholarly journals Overall precision test of near infrared spectroscopy on mango fruits (Mangifera indica CV. ‘Nam Dok Mai Si Thong’) by on-line and off-line systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 187 ◽  
pp. 04006
Author(s):  
Wachiraya Lekhawattana ◽  
Panmanas Sirisomboon
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Nir Spectroscopy ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Online Systems ◽  
On Line ◽  
Line Scanning ◽  
Brix Value ◽  
Precision Test

The near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy both on-line and off-line scanning was applied on mango fruits (Mangifera indica CV. ‘Nam dok mai- si Thong’) for the overall precision test. The reference parameter was total soluble solids content (Brix value). The results showed that the off-line scanning had a higher accuracy than on-line scanning. The scanning repeatability of the off-line and on-line systems were 0.00199 and 0.00993, respectively. The scanning reproducibility of the off-line and online systems were 0.00279 and 0.00513, respectively. The reference of measurement repeatability was 0.2. The maximum coefficient of determination (R2max) of the reference measurement was 0.894.

Qualitative Analysis of Oil Sand Slurries Using On-Line NIR Spectroscopy

1996 ◽  
Vol 50 (12) ◽  
pp. 1535-1540 ◽  
Author(s):  
Waldemar I. Friesen
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Nir Spectroscopy ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Fiber Optic Probe ◽  
Oil Sand ◽  
Plant Environment ◽  
On Line ◽  
Optic Probe

The development of a reliable on-line method to monitor process streams is important for improved process control in oil sand extraction plants. The suitability of diffuse reflectance near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy for this purpose has been tested in a pilot plant environment. Spectra of a feed slurry flowing through a pipe were measured with the use of an on-line fiber-optic probe. Data were collected throughout a nine-hour period during which ore type and slurry water content were varied. The feasibility of monitoring feed stream conditions is demonstrated by principal component analysis of the measured spectra. Clustering of these spectra according to ore type and water content enables the detection of deviations from and transitions between steady-state conditions of the process. Estimates are given of characteristic times for the process to reach a steady state after a change in condition has been initiated. The use of artificial neural networks for classifying spectra on the basis of ore type is also illustrated.

On-line NIR monitoring during anaerobic treatment of municipal solid waste

2003 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 9-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Hansson ◽  
Å Nordberg ◽  
B. Mathisen
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
C:N Ratio ◽  
Nir Spectroscopy ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Anaerobic Treatment ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
On Line ◽  
Process Disturbances

An anaerobic digester (8 l) was fed with the organic fraction of municipal solid waste and monitored intermittently for two years with on-line near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy and traditional chemical parameters analysed off-line. The dynamics that occurred due to changes in substrate composition (changed C:N ratio) and changes in operating conditions (overloading) could be followed using principal component analysis of the obtained NIR-spectra. In addition, process disturbances such as failed stirring and increased foaming were readily detected by the NIR-spectra. Using PLS regression the propionate concentration could be predicted in the range 0.1-3.6 g/l, RMSEP 0.53 g/l with slope 0.74 and correlation coefficient 0.85. The response on changes in the digester fluid was reproducible and could be detected within 2.5 minutes, which can be considered as real-time monitoring.

scholarly journals Near-Infrared Spectroscopy as an Analytical Process Technology for the On-Line Quantification of Water Precipitation Processes during Danhong Injection

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuesong Liu ◽  
Chunyan Wu ◽  
Shu Geng ◽  
Ye Jin ◽  
Lianjun Luan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Partial Least Squares Regression ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Nir Spectroscopy ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Process Technology ◽  
Danhong Injection ◽  
Fiber Optic Probes ◽  
Quantitative Monitoring ◽  
On Line ◽  
Predicted Values

This paper used near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy for the on-line quantitative monitoring of water precipitation during Danhong injection. For these NIR measurements, two fiber optic probes designed to transmit NIR radiation through a 2 mm flow cell were used to collect spectra in real-time. Partial least squares regression (PLSR) was developed as the preferred chemometrics quantitative analysis of the critical intermediate qualities: the danshensu (DSS, (R)-3, 4-dihydroxyphenyllactic acid), protocatechuic aldehyde (PA), rosmarinic acid (RA), and salvianolic acid B (SAB) concentrations. Optimized PLSR models were successfully built and used for on-line detecting of the concentrations of DSS, PA, RA, and SAB of water precipitation during Danhong injection. Besides, the information of DSS, PA, RA, and SAB concentrations would be instantly fed back to site technical personnel for control and adjustment timely. The verification experiments determined that the predicted values agreed with the actual homologic value.

On-Line Determination of Reaction Completion in a Closed-Loop Hydrogenator Using NIR Spectroscopy

1998 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Howard W. Ward ◽  
S. Sonja Sekulic ◽  
Michael J. Wheeler ◽  
Geraldine Taber ◽  
Frank J. Urbanski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Spectroscopic Method ◽  
Nir Spectroscopy ◽  
Hydrogenation Reaction ◽  
Partial Least Squares Model ◽  
Chromatographic Procedure ◽  
On Line ◽  
Palladium On Carbon

An on-line near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopic method has been developed to determine in situ the endpoint of a bulk pharmaceutical hydrogenation reaction in a loop hydrogenator. This hydrogenation employs a 5% palladium-on-carbon catalyst with tetrahydrofuran (THF) as the reaction solvent. The traditional test for monitoring the endpoint of the hydrogenation is a gas chromatographic procedure that requires an estimated 60 min from the time a sample is taken to the point where the analysis results become available. The use of NIR spectroscopy in an on-line mode of operation allows spectra to be collected every 2 min and thereby significantly improves response time and result availability. The need for obtaining results in “real time” stems from the creation of undesired side products if the reaction is allowed to continue past the optimal endpoint. If the reaction is not stopped before these side products reach a level of approximately 0.8% (wt/wt), the batch requires additional purification at considerable time and cost. A partial least-squares model was constructed, validated, and successfully used to determine the endpoint of subsequent batches.

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