Release of drought‐tolerant pinto SB‐DT2 and small red SB‐DT3 common bean germplasm from a shuttle breeding program between Nebraska and Puerto Rico

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos A. Urrea ◽  
James R. Smith ◽  
Timothy G. Porch
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Breeding Program ◽  
Drought Tolerant

scholarly journals Genetic gain in the breeding program of common beans at IAC from 1989 to 2007

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 329-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alisson Fernando Chiorato ◽  
Sérgio Augusto Morais Carbonell ◽  
Roland Vencovsky ◽  
Nelson da Silva Fonseca Júnior ◽  
José Baldin Pinheiro
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Genetic Gain ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
The State ◽  
Breeding Program ◽  
Common Beans ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Second Period

The goal of the present work was to evaluate the genetic gain obtained in grain yield for the common bean genotypes from 1989 until 2007, at the Instituto Agronômico de Campinas, in the state of São Paulo. Genetic gain has been separated into two research periods; the first, from 1989 to 1996, and the second, from 1997 to 2007. In the first period, a genetic gain of 1.07 % per year was obtained, whereas for the second period, the gain was zero. However, the mean yield of the evaluated lines was approximately 1000 kg ha-1 superior to the figures obtained in the first period. The main cause for the absence of genetic gain in the second period is that the focus of the breeding program was changed to grain quality. The individualized analysis of the genotypes with carioca grains in the second period indicated the lack of genetic gain during the investigated period.

Reaction of Drought-Tolerant Soybean Genotypes to Macrophomina phaseolina

2008 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Wrather ◽  
J. G. Shannon ◽  
T. E. Carter ◽  
J. P. Bond ◽  
J. C. Rupe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Root Colonization ◽  
Macrophomina Phaseolina ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Charcoal Rot ◽  
Stages Of Growth ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Soybean Genotypes ◽  
Moderately Resistant

Charcoal rot caused by Macrophomina phaseolina is a common disease of many crops including common bean and soybean. Incidence and severity of charcoal rot are enhanced when plants are drought stressed. Resistance to this pathogen in some common bean genotypes was associated with drought tolerance. Resistance to M. phaseolina among soybean genotypes has not been identified, although a few have been rated moderately resistant based on less root tissue colonization by this pathogen compared to other genotypes. A few soybean genotypes have been rated as slow-wilt or drought-tolerant. The reaction of drought-tolerant soybean to M. phaseolina compared to intolerant or drought-sensitive genotypes has not been determined. Our objective was to determine if there were differences in root colonization by M. phaseolina between drought-tolerant and drought-sensitive soybean genotypes. Drought tolerance of the soybean genotypes and root colonization by M. phaseolina at the R6 and R8 stages of growth were not related in this study. Some drought-tolerant soybean genotypes may resist root colonization by M. phaseolina, but our results suggest that this is not true for all drought-tolerant genotypes. Accepted for publication 21 March 2008. Published 18 June 2008.

scholarly journals Genome-wide transcriptional changes triggered by water deficit on a drought-tolerant common bean cultivar

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Josefat Gregorio Jorge ◽  
Miguel Angel Villalobos-López ◽  
Karen Lizeth Chavarría-Alvarado ◽  
Selma Ríos-Meléndez ◽  
Melina López-Meyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Transcriptional Level ◽  
Cell Periphery ◽  
Enriched Categories ◽  
Drought Tolerant

Abstract Background Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is a relevant crop cultivated over the world, largely in water insufficiency vulnerable areas. Since drought is the main environmental factor restraining worldwide crop production, efforts have been invested to amend drought tolerance in commercial common bean varieties. However, scarce molecular data are available for those cultivars of P. vulgaris with drought tolerance attributes. Results As a first approach, Pinto Saltillo (PS), Azufrado Higuera (AH), and Negro Jamapa Plus (NP) were assessed phenotypically and physiologically to determine the outcome in response to drought on these common bean cultivars. Based on this, a Next-generation sequencing approach was applied to PS, which was the most drought-tolerant cultivar to determine the molecular changes at the transcriptional level. The RNA-Seq analysis revealed that numerous PS genes are dynamically modulated by drought. In brief, 1005 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, from which 645 genes were up-regulated by drought stress, whereas 360 genes were down-regulated. Further analysis showed that the enriched categories of the up-regulated genes in response to drought fit to processes related to carbohydrate metabolism (polysaccharide metabolic processes), particularly genes encoding proteins located within the cell periphery (cell wall dynamics). In the case of down-regulated genes, heat shock-responsive genes, mainly associated with protein folding, chloroplast, and oxidation-reduction processes were identified. Conclusions Our findings suggest that secondary cell wall (SCW) properties contribute to P. vulgaris L. drought tolerance through alleviation or mitigation of drought-induced osmotic disturbances, making cultivars more adaptable to such stress. Altogether, the knowledge derived from this study is significant for a forthcoming understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in drought tolerance on common bean, especially for drought-tolerant cultivars such as PS.

scholarly journals Pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata) breeding priorities based on a survey among Puerto Rican consumers

1969 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel E. Carbonell ◽  
Linda Wessel-Beaver ◽  
Felicita Varela ◽  
Brunilda Luciano
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Skin Color ◽  
Consumer Preferences ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Fruit Shape ◽  
Breeding Program ◽  
Sample Survey ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Cucurbita Moschata ◽  
Orange Yellow

A sample survey of consumer preferences was conducted in order to determine what characteristics should be given highest priority in a pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata) breeding program for Puerto Rico. A total of 527 people from all regions of the island participated in the survey. Very few preference differences were found due to regions, age groups, sex, or frequency of consumption. Pulp color was the most important characteristic considered when purchasing pumpkin. Most participants preferred an orange-yellow internal color. Skin color was also an important consideration. Respondents strongly preferred a 'pinta' or piebald pumpkin skin. Fruit size was important to many surveyed: most preferred a medium size fruit. Most respondents said they bought pieces rather than whole fruit. Skin type and fruit shape were not important considerations for most respondents. In addition to selection for increased yield, a pumpkin breeding program for Puerto Rico should emphasize selection of genotypes with deep orange-yellow pulp, a 'pinta' skin color and medium-sized fruits.

scholarly journals The research, development, and innovation trajectory of the IAC Common Bean Breeding Program

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiza Maria Capanema Bezerra ◽  
Carlos Eduardo Fredo ◽  
Alisson Fernando Chiorato ◽  
Sérgio Augusto Morais Carbonell
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Breeding Program ◽  
Research Development

scholarly journals ‘Raider Azure’ Mealy Blue Sage (Salvia farinacea var. farinacea Benth.)

HortScience ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 540-541
Author(s):  
Cynthia B. McKenney ◽  
Sandra A. Balch ◽  
Victor Hegemann ◽  
Susan P. Metz
Keyword(s):  
Growth Habit ◽  
Breeding Program ◽  
Plant Improvement ◽  
The Past ◽  
Bloom Period ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Germplasm Resource ◽  
Bedding Plant ◽  
Vigorous Growth ◽  
Texas Tech University

Native wildflowers provide a rich germplasm resource for continued plant improvement. Over the past 10 years, native accessions of Salvia farinacea var. farinacea Benth. have been collected and introduced into an ornamental breeding program. Texas Tech University announces the release of a new mealy blue sage cultivar named ‘Raider Azure’. ‘Raider Azure’ is intended for use as a drought-tolerant native ornamental for demanding landscapes. It has been trialed for use as a perennial bedding plant where it has displayed attractive violet–blue flowers and a vigorous growth habit, which is common in this species. The extended bloom period for mealy blue sage suggests the cultivar ‘Raider Azure’ is well suited for full sun bedding displays in a variety of locations.

Isolation of dehydration-responsive genes in a drought tolerant common bean cultivar and expression of a group 3 late embryogenesis abundant mRNA in tolerant and susceptible bean cultivars

2007 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Blanca E. Barrera-Figueroa ◽  
Julián M. Peña-Castro ◽  
Jorge A. Acosta-Gallegos ◽  
Roberto Ruiz-Medrano ◽  
Beatriz Xoconostle-Cázares
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Sugar Metabolism ◽  
Complete Sequence ◽  
Late Embryogenesis Abundant ◽  
Suppression Subtractive Hybridisation ◽  
Cellular Protection ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Late Embryogenesis ◽  
Group 3

Drought is one of the main constraints for common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) production in Latin America. The aim of this work was to identify upregulated genes in the drought-tolerant common bean cv. Pinto Villa, grown under water-deficit conditions. Twenty-eight cDNAs representing differentially-expressed mRNAs in roots and/or leaves were isolated via suppression subtractive hybridisation. Their expression profiles in plants under intermediate and severe dehydration stress were tested. Three cDNAs corresponded to genes already described as associated to drought stress in P. vulgaris, 12 were known P. vulgaris sequences without previous association with drought response, and 13 were new P. vulgaris sequences. Analysis of the deduced proteins encoded by the cDNAs revealed putative functions in cellular protection, sugar metabolism, and protein synthesis, folding and turnover. Additionally, a new member of group 3 late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) genes (PvLEA3) was cloned and its complete sequence was obtained. Given the lack of reports comparing expression of dehydration-responsive genes in bean cultivars with different response to drought, the expression of PvLEA3 transcript in five bean cultivars from different origin was analysed. The induction of PvLEA3 was directly associated with the level of drought tolerance in the cultivars studied.

114. Aspects of water status of various organs in drought tolerant cowpea plants exposed to drought stress compared with the common bean

Cryobiology ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 402
Author(s):  
Masakazu Imamura ◽  
Chiho Egashira ◽  
Yushi Ishibashi ◽  
Mari Iwaya-Inoue
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
The Common

Evaluation and breeding of tedera for Mediterranean climates in southern Australia

2014 ◽  
Vol 65 (11) ◽  
pp. 1114 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Real ◽  
C. M. Oldham ◽  
M. N. Nelson ◽  
J. Croser ◽  
M. Castello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Selection Index ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Field Evaluation ◽  
Secondary Compounds ◽  
Breeding Program ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Economic Modelling ◽  
Waterlogging Tolerance ◽  
Drought Tolerant

Tedera (Bituminaria bituminosa C.H. Stirton var. albomarginata and var. crassiuscula) has been identified as one of the most productive and drought-tolerant species of herbaceous perennial legumes based on 6 years of field evaluation in Western Australia in areas with Mediterranean climate and annual rainfall ranging from 200 to 600 mm. Importantly, tedera demonstrated broad adaptation to diverse soils, and some accessions have shown moderate levels of tolerance to waterlogging and salinity. Tedera exhibits minimal leaf shedding during summer and autumn. Economic modelling strongly suggests that giving livestock access to green tedera in summer and autumn will dramatically increase farm profit by reducing supplementary feeding. The breeding program (2006–12) evaluated the available genetic diversity of tedera for its field performance in seven nurseries with 6498 spaced plants in total covering a wide variation in rainfall, soils and seasons. Best overall plants were selected using a multivariate selection index generated with best linear unbiased predictors (BLUPs) of dry matter cuts and leaf retention traits. The breeding program also evaluated tedera for grazing tolerance, grazing preference by livestock, waterlogging tolerance, seed production, cold tolerance, disease susceptibility and presence of secondary compounds. Tedera is a diploid, self-pollinated species. Therefore, 28 elite parents were hand-crossed in several combinations to combine outstanding attributes of parents; F1 hybrids were confirmed with the aid of highly polymorphic, simple sequence repeat markers. The F1s were progressed to F4s by single-seed descent breeding. Elite parent plants were selfed for two generations to be progressed in the breeding program without hybridisation. Over time, selections from the crossing and selfing program will deliver cultivars of three ideotypes: (i) drought-tolerant, (ii) cold- and drought-tolerant, (iii) waterlogging- and drought-tolerant.

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