scholarly journals Estimating the impact of public health strategies on the spread of SARS‐CoV‐2: Epidemiological modelling for Toulouse, France

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chloé Dimeglio ◽  
Marcel Miedougé ◽  
Jean‐Michel Loubes ◽  
Jean‐Michel Mansuy ◽  
Jacques Izopet
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Epidemiological Modelling ◽  
Public Health Strategies ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Harmful Algal Blooms (HABS) along Mexican Coasts

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magnolia Gricel Salcedo-Garduño ◽  
María del Refugio Castañeda-Chávez ◽  
Fabiola Lango-Reynoso ◽  
Itzel Galaviz-Villa
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Harmful Algal Blooms ◽  
Algal Blooms ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Environment And Public Health ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Direct Exposure ◽  
Public Health Strategies ◽  
Toxic Bloom ◽  
The Impact

Harmful algal blooms (HABs) are natural events produced by massive concentration of toxic phytoplankton that can color red, ocher, brown or yellow large extensions of water, its intensity depends on the different species of phytoplankton involved in the proliferation. The spreading of these formations involves an interaction of biological, chemical, meteorological and anthropogenic factors. Several species with potential toxicity have been reported along Mexican coasts, such as Gymnodinium catenatum, Karenia brevis, Pyrodinium bahamense var. compressum. The toxic bloom not only causes an impact during the event, it produces negative effects afterward, such as accumulating deposits of organic matter, alterations of benthic community structure and composition, species presence/absence, and bioaccumulation of toxins in organisms such as bivalve molluscs mainly. Poisoning may occur by consuming contaminated seafood or by direct exposure to aerosols of the toxins, which can provoke diarrhea or even death. Due to the impact of this type of event on the economy, environment and public health, strategies for monitoring, prevention, and systematic mitigation have been implemented for the evaluation of HAB effects. The aim of this review was to determine the state-of-the art of HAB, their reports and effects on the environment and public health in Mexico.

Recommending global public health strategies to counter the impact of climate change on health

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 138 ◽  
Author(s):  
SaurabhRamBihariLal Shrivastava ◽  
PrateekSaurabh Shrivastava ◽  
Jegadeesh Ramasamy
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Impact Of Climate Change ◽  
Public Health Strategies ◽  
The Impact

Child public health part 1: strategies for health

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 316-318
Author(s):  
Simon Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Child Health ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Health Prevention ◽  
Child Health Outcomes ◽  
Child Public Health ◽  
The Life Course ◽  
Public Health Strategies ◽  
The Impact

Child public health is an area that focuses on child health outcomes that can have an impact through the life course. This article briefly explores some key concepts such as public health strategies and the potential role of paramedics in improving child health. The following articles in this series will delve further into the impact of paramedic practice on the three main elements of child public health: prevention, promotion and protection.

The Fusion of Public Health into Kinesiology

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 322-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara E. Ainsworth ◽  
Steven P. Hooker
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Regular Physical Activity ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Public Health Agencies ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Traditional Curricula ◽  
Public Health Strategies ◽  
The Impact

The health-enhancing benefits of regular physical activity have been theorized for thousands of years. Within the past 25 years, public health agencies, health-related organizations, and health-focused foundations have recognized regular physical activity as a major factor in preventing premature morbidity and mortality. Colleges and universities have experienced a paradigm shift in applying public health strategies to prepare graduates in understanding how to reduce the impact of sedentary lifestyles on health outcomes. For nearly 20 years, some kinesiology departments have expanded from traditional curricula to new courses and degrees in promoting physical activity in the community, the application of epidemiology concepts to physical activity, and the study of policy and environmental approaches to promoting physical activity. Given the high prevalence of physical activity insufficient to prevent premature morbidity and mortality, continuing educational efforts are needed to assure kinesiology students have the skills and information needed to promote physical activity in communities to people of all ages and abilities.

scholarly journals Elementary spatial structures and dispersion of COVID-19: health geography directing responses to public health emergency in São Paulo State, Brazil

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Magno Castelo Branco Fortaleza ◽  
Raul Borges Guimarães ◽  
Rafael de Castro Catão ◽  
Cláudia Pio Ferreira ◽  
Gabriel Berg de Almeida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Population Mobility ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Public Health Policies ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
Public Health Strategies ◽  
The Impact

AbstractPublic health policies to contain the spread of COVID-19 rely mainly on non-pharmacological measures. Those measures, especially social distancing, are a challenge for developing countries, such as Brazil. In São Paulo, the most populous state in Brazil (45 million inhabitants), most COVID-19 cases up to April 18th were reported in the Capital and metropolitan area. However, the inner municipalities, where 20 million people live, are also at risk. As governmental authorities discuss the loosening of measures for restricting population mobility, it is urgent to analyze the routes of dispersion of COVID-19 in those municipalities. In this ecological study, we use geographical models of population mobility as patterns for spread of SARS-Cov-2 infection. Based on surveillance data, we identify two patterns: one by contiguous diffusion from the capital metropolitan area and other that is hierarchical, with long-distance spread through major highways to cities of regional relevance. We also modelled the impact of social distancing strategies in the most relevant cities, and estimated a beneficial effect in each and every setting studied. This acknowledgement can provide real-time responses to support public health strategies.

scholarly journals Public Health, Ministry of Health and Economic Actors: the case of food and information of public

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
P Lombrail
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
The Public ◽  
Health Community ◽  
Food And Beverage ◽  
Key Policy ◽  
Public Health Strategies ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The experience of France in the implementation of a frontof- pack label, the Nutri-Score, clearly illustrates the constant tug-ofwar between public health experts and the industry and provides a framework for an efficient strategy that could be replicated at the EU level. Dietary risk factors is in the top three leading causes of morbidity and mortality in Western Europe. Such high burden of diseases urges the implementation of strong and efficient public health strategies in order to curb the impact of poor diets. The public health community has long promoted strategies impacting both individual dietary behavior and the food environment, in a consistent global framework. However, the latter strategies imply to act upon the food and beverage manufacturers, to provide consumers with better information on the nutritional quality of the foods they produce and to ensure a shift in the nutritional composition of the food offer towards healthier foods. Among the various public health nutrition strategies that are considered efficient in both modifying consumer behavior and enticing reformulations by the food industry, front-of-pack food labeling has been identified as a key policy component in a global program.

scholarly journals Impact of disasters, including pandemics, on cardiometabolic outcomes across the life-course: A systematic review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa De Rubeis ◽  
Jinhee Lee ◽  
Muhammad Saqib Anwer ◽  
Yulika Yoshida-Montezuma ◽  
Alessandra T. Andreacchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Life Course ◽  
Health Science ◽  
List Type ◽  
Obesity And Diabetes ◽  
The Life Course ◽  
Public Health Strategies ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACTObjectivesDisasters, such as the current COVID-19 pandemic, disrupt daily life, increase uncertainty and stress, and may increase long-term risk of adverse cardiometabolic outcomes, including heart disease, obesity and diabetes. The objective was to conduct a systematic review to determine the impact of disasters, including pandemics, on cardiometabolic outcomes across the life-course.DesignA systematic search was conducted in May 2020 using two electronic databases, EMBASE and Medline. All studies were screened in duplicate at title and abstract, and full-text level. Studies were eligible for inclusion if they assessed an association with population-level or community disaster and cardiometabolic outcomes. There were no restrictions on year of publication, country or population. Non-English and earthquake-related studies were excluded. Data were extracted on study characteristics, exposure (e.g., type of disaster, name of specific event, region, year), cardiometabolic outcomes, and measures of effect. Study quality was evaluated using the Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal tools.ResultsA total of 58 studies were included, with 24 studies reporting the effects of exposure to disaster during pregnancy/childhood and 34 studies reporting the effects of exposure during adulthood. Studies included exposure to natural (60%) and human-made (40%) disasters, with only 3 (5%) of these studies evaluating previous pandemics. Most studies were conducted in North America (62%). Most studies reported increased cardiometabolic risk, including increased cardiovascular disease incidence or mortality, diabetes, and obesity. Few studies investigated potential mechanisms or identified high risk subgroups.ConclusionsUnderstanding the long-term consequences of disasters on cardiometabolic outcomes across the life-course may inform public health strategies for the current COVID-19 pandemic. This review found strong evidence of an increased association between disaster exposure and cardiometabolic outcomes across the life-course, although more research is needed to better understand the mechanisms and preventative efforts.PROSPERO registrationCRD – 42020186074Strengths and limitations of this studyThis systematic review is one of the first to review the literature on disasters, including pandemics, and subsequent cardiometabolic outcomes throughout the life-course.A comprehensive search strategy was developed in consultation with Health Science Librarians at McMaster University, which resulted in 58 studies that were eligible for inclusion into the review.Due to the heterogeneity of the included studies, a meta-analysis was not conducted.This review contributes a synthesis of the literature on the impact of disasters and cardiometabolic outcomes, that can help to inform public health strategies for the current COVID-19 pandemic.

scholarly journals The Successes and Failures of the Initial COVID-19 Pandemic Response in Romania

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Dascalu
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Healthcare System ◽  
Communication Channels ◽  
Initial Response ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
The World ◽  
Pandemic Response ◽  
Public Health Strategies ◽  
The Impact

In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, countries around the world varied in the strength and timeliness of their responses. In Romania, specific challenges were faced with regards to managing the spread and limiting the impact of the disease, ranging from healthcare infrastructure to demographic and sociocultural aspects. As the country has a sizeable diaspora, major difficulties were faced when large numbers of individuals from highly affected areas returned to Romania. However, the fast implementation of control measures successfully averted a surge in the number of COVID-19 cases. This delayed the overburdening of an already challenged healthcare system during the initial phases of the epidemic. Furthermore, early control was facilitated by the exploitation of communication channels that penetrated all layers of society, from ordinary citizens to governmental authorities and high-ranking religious figures. The management of the COVID-19 crisis in Romania illustrates the importance of a fast initial response which takes into account the role played by sociocultural aspects in the context of an epidemic. As the challenges faced by Romania are not unique, these results could inform future public health strategies worldwide.

scholarly journals Associativity between COVID-19 Pandemic and Serious Mental Illness: Rapid Systematic Review within Salutogenesis Model for Public Health Management

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sweta Kaman ◽  
Ankita Sharma ◽  
Romi Banerjee
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Serious Mental Illness ◽  
Health Management ◽  
Clinical Intervention ◽  
Rapid Review ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum ◽  
Public Health Strategies ◽  
The Impact

The COVID-19 Pandemic, SARS-COV-2 virus-form transformations, and ensuing psychosocial stress stemming from environmental change and isolation, has led to the conjecture that there would be a surge in psychosis cases. Intuitively, patients with Serious Mental Illness (SMI), like Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorder and Major Depression, would be particularly susceptible. Existing literature illustrates psychological distress as a primary effect of the Pandemic - on people with/without SMI. We initiated a rapid review to determine the impact of the SARS-COV-2 virus - in symptomatic and asymptomatic cases - on people with/without psychosis. We envisioned that this would provide insights on effective clinical-intervention methods for psychotic-patients, during and after the Pandemic. Our review draws from papers, published in 2020, that considered participants - with/without psychiatric illness and exposure to SARS-COV-2 infection. The Salutogenesis Model was used to comprehend observations from the systematic-review, leading to suggestions and recommendations for preventive and promotive public health strategies.

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