Revisiting Zeta Potential, the Key Feature of Interfacial Phenomena, with Applications and Recent Advancements

2022 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shashikant Kamble ◽  
Santosh Agrawal ◽  
Sandeep Cherumukkil ◽  
Vipul Sharma ◽  
Raksh Vir Jasra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zeta Potential ◽  
Interfacial Phenomena

How to use alum with cationic dispersed rosin size

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 331-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
LEBO XU ◽  
JEREMY MYERS ◽  
PETER HART
Keyword(s):  
Zeta Potential ◽  
Colloidal Particles ◽  
Streaming Potential ◽  
Excessive Amount ◽  
Paper Machine ◽  
Optimum Amount ◽  
Potential Measurement ◽  
Streaming Current ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Laboratory Results

Retention of cationic dispersed rosin size was studied via turbidity measurements on stock filtrate with different alum and dispersed rosin size dosages. Stock charge characteristics were analyzed using both an analysis of charge demand determined via a streaming current detector and an evaluation of zeta potential of the fibers by streaming potential measurement. The results indicated that an optimum amount of alum existed such that good sizing retention was maintained throughout a wide range of dispersed rosin size dosages. However, when an excessive amount of alum was used and fines and colloidal particles were transitioned from anionic to cationic, the cationic size retention was reduced. Laboratory results were confirmed with a paper machine trial. All data suggested that a stock charge study was necessary to identify optimal alum dosage for a cationic dispersed rosin sizing program.

An Experimental Investigation on Thermal Conductivity and Viscosity of Graphene doped CNTs /TiO2 Nanofluid

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
A.M. Zetty Akhtar ◽  
M.M. Rahman ◽  
K. Kadirgama ◽  
M.A. Maleque
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Zeta Potential ◽  
Base Fluid ◽  
Minimum Quantity Lubrication ◽  
Cutting Fluid ◽  
Cutting Zone ◽  
Observation Method ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Zeta Potential Analysis

This paper presents the findings of the stability, thermal conductivity and viscosity of CNTs (doped with 10 wt% graphene)- TiO2 hybrid nanofluids under various concentrations. While the usage of cutting fluid in machining operation is necessary for removing the heat generated at the cutting zone, the excessive use of it could lead to environmental and health issue to the operators. Therefore, the minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) to replace the conventional flooding was introduced. The MQL method minimises the usage of cutting fluid as a step to achieve a cleaner environment and sustainable machining. However, the low thermal conductivity of the base fluid in the MQL system caused the insufficient removal of heat generated in the cutting zone. Addition of nanoparticles to the base fluid was then introduced to enhance the performance of cutting fluids. The ethylene glycol used as the base fluid, titanium dioxide (TiO2) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) nanoparticle mixed to produce nanofluids with concentrations of 0.02 to 0.1 wt.% with an interval of 0.02 wt%. The mixing ratio of TiO2: CNTs was 90:10 and ratio of SDBS (surfactant): CNTs was 10:1. The stability of nanofluid checked using observation method and zeta potential analysis. The thermal conductivity and viscosity of suspension were measured at a temperature range between 30˚C to 70˚C (with increment of 10˚C) to determine the relationship between concentration and temperature on nanofluid’s thermal physical properties. Based on the results obtained, zeta potential value for nanofluid range from -50 to -70 mV indicates a good stability of the suspension. Thermal conductivity of nanofluid increases as an increase of temperature and enhancement ratio is within the range of 1.51 to 4.53 compared to the base fluid. Meanwhile, the viscosity of nanofluid shows decrements with an increase of the temperature remarks significant advantage in pumping power. The developed nanofluid in this study found to be stable with enhanced thermal conductivity and decrease in viscosity, which at once make it possible to be use as nanolubricant in machining operation.

A Laboratory Device to Measure the Interfacial Phenomena between Rubber and Rough Surfaces

1999 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 206-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Garro ◽  
G. Gurnari ◽  
G. Nicoletto ◽  
A. Serra
Keyword(s):  
Rough Surfaces ◽  
Computer Software ◽  
Interfacial Phenomena ◽  
New Device ◽  
The Road ◽  
Constant Torque ◽  
Rubber Compounds ◽  
Simple Geometry ◽  
Tangential Forces ◽  
On The Road

Abstract The interfacial phenomena between tread rubber compounds and rough surfaces are responsible for most of the behavior of a tire on the road. A new device was developed for the investigation of these phenomena in the laboratory. The device consists of a fully instrumented road wheel on which a simple geometry specimen is driven. The possibilities offered by this device are to perform tests at constant slip or at constant torque on both wet and dry surfaces, with complex cycles. The machine allows the measurement of slip, tangential forces, and temperature on the specimen, and computer software adds the possibility of applying Fourier analyses on force, road wheel speed, and specimen speed data. Other possibilities offered by the road wheel are to change the road surface, the load on the specimen, and the water rate. The description of a complete experiment is detailed in the paper showing the correlation of data with actual tire performances.

Incorporation of micro/nanoparticles of PCL with essential oil of Cymbopogon nardus in bacterial cellulose

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Aline Krindges ◽  
Vanusca Dalosto Jahno ◽  
Fernando Morisso
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Zeta Potential ◽  
Bacterial Cellulose ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Static Culture ◽  
Cymbopogon Nardus ◽  
Cellulose Membranes

Incorporation studies of particles in different substrates with herbal assets growing. The objective of this work was the preparation and characterization of micro/nanoparticles containing cymbopogon nardus essential oil; and the incorporation of them on bacterial cellulose. For the development of the membranes was used the static culture medium and for the preparation of micro/nanoparticles was used the nanoprecipitation methodology. The incorporation of micro/nanoparticles was performed on samples of bacterial cellulose in wet and dry form. For the characterization of micro/nanoparticles were carried out analysis of SEM, zeta potential and particle size. For the verification of the incorporation of particulate matter in cellulose, analyses were conducted of SEM and FTIR. The results showed that it is possible the production and incorporation of micro/nanoparticles containing essential oil in bacterial cellulose membranes in wet form with ethanol.

Biocompatibility of Silver Nano Bio-conjugates from Vitis vinifera Seeds and its Major Component Resveratrol

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Preethi ◽  
P. Padma
Keyword(s):  
Zeta Potential ◽  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Silver Ions ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
Polydispersity Index ◽  
Potential Range ◽  
Visible Spectroscopy ◽  
Grape Seeds ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Uv Visible

The study focused on the green synthesis of silver nanobioconjugates (AgNPs) from phenolic-rich fruit source, Vitis vinifera seed extract and its major component phenolic, resveratrol respectively. Sunlight exposure for 20 minutes was the method of choice for the synthesis of AgNPs of the extract as well as the phenolic, resveratrol. The synthesized nanobioconjugates were characterized using UV-Visible spectroscopy, Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Polydispersity index, Zeta potential and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The reduction of silver ions was confirmed by UV-visible spectroscopy with peaks at 440nm for both nanobioconjugates synthesized from seed extract and compound. The nanobioconjugates showed the spherical in shape with 14-35nm in size and crystalline in nature. The conjugates are well dispersed with 0.301 and 0.287 polydispersity index and the zeta potential range at -13.6 and -14.3mV for stability. The FTRI data proved that the components in grape seeds act as good reductants and stabilizers for the silver nanobioconjugate synthesis. All the synthesized nanobioconjugates exhibited steady and sustained release of the medicinal components conjugated, proving their druggability, and were biocompatible with human cells, demonstrating their safety. The findings of the study validate the anticancer properties of silver nanobioconjugates of Vitis vinifera and its active component resveratrol.

Novel Formulation Development and Evaluation of Nanoparticles Based in Situ Gelling System for The Ophthalmic Delivery of Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kranti Singh ◽  
Surajpal Verma ◽  
Shyam Prasad ◽  
Indu Bala
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Zeta Potential ◽  
Drug Loading ◽  
In Vitro Release ◽  
Formulation Development ◽  
Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride ◽  
Potential Value ◽  
The Mean ◽  
In Situ Gelling

Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride loaded Eudragit RS100 nanoparticles were prepared by using w/o/w emulsification (multiple emulsification) solvent evaporation followed by drying of nanoparticles at 50°C. The nanoparticles were further incorporated into the pH-triggered in situ gel forming system which was prepared using Carbopol 940 in combination with HPMC as viscosifying agent. The developed nanoparticles was evaluated for particle size, zeta potential value and loading efficiency; nanoparticle incorporated in situ gelling system was evaluated for pH, clarity, gelling strength, rheological studies, in-vitro release studies and ex-vivo precorneal permeation studies. The nanopaticle showed the mean particle size varying between 263.5nm - 325.9 nm with the mean zeta potential value of -5.91 mV to -8.13 mV and drug loading capacity varied individually between 72.50% to 98.70% w/w. The formulation was clear with no suspended particles, showed good gelling properties. The gelling was quick and remained for longer time period. The developed formulation was therapeutically efficacious, stable and non-irritant. It provided the sustained release of drug over a period of 8-10 hours.

Artemisinin (ART) Drug Delivery Using Mixed Non-ionic Surfactants and Evaluation of Their Efficiency in Different Cancer Cell Lines

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elnaz Asgharkhani ◽  
Aazam Najmafshar ◽  
Mohsen Chiani
Keyword(s):  
Zeta Potential ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Mtt Assay ◽  
Therapeutic Index ◽  
Stability Study ◽  
Polydispersity Index ◽  
Ionic Surfactants ◽  
Cytotoxicity Test ◽  
Molar Ratios ◽  
Chemotherapy Agent

This study aims to investigate the effects of different non-ionic surfactants on physicochemical properties of ART niosomes. ART is a natural compound that is used as an antimalarial and chemotherapy agent in medicine. ART has low bioavailability, stability and solubility. In order to solve these problems and enhancing the efficiency of the drug, nanotechnology was used. In the present study, several niosomal formulations of ART prepared using different molar ratios of Span 60 : Tween 60 : PEG-600: ART in PBS. These three formulations were FI (1:1:0.5:0.5), FII (2:1:0.5:0.5) and FIII (1:2:0.5:0.5), respectively. The encapsulation efficiency was measured by HPLC and the drug release was evaluated by dialysis method. The cytotoxicity test was determined by MTT assay. The size, zeta potential and polydispersity index of the vesicles was measured by Zeta Sizer. Stability study was performed within two months. The MTT assay results showed that cytotoxicity effect of these formulations on MCF-7 cell line is better than C6 cell line and the FIII had the best results for both of them. The entrapment efficiencies of the formulations I, II and III were obtained 82.2±1.88%, 75.5±0.92% and 95.5±1.23%, respectively. The results of size, zeta potential and polydispersity index indicated that the size of the vesicles is below 200 nm, their surface charge is about -35 mV and they were monodisperse. Stability and release study indicated that the formulation III has the best stability and release pattern. Therefore, the use of PEGylated niosomal ART can effectively improve its therapeutic index, stability and solubility.

Formulation and Evaluation of Nanosuspension of Simvastatin

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 2858-2873
Author(s):  
Rupali L. Shid ◽  
Shashikant N. Dhole ◽  
Nilesh Kulkarni ◽  
Santosh L Shid
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Zeta Potential ◽  
Factorial Design ◽  
Dissolution Rate ◽  
In Vitro Dissolution ◽  
Total Drug ◽  
23 Factorial Design ◽  
Rate Of Dissolution

Poor water solubility and slow dissolution rate are issues for the majority of upcoming and existing biologically active compounds. Simvastatin is poorly water-soluble drug and its bioavailability is very low from its crystalline form. The purpose of this study wasto increase the solubility and dissolution rate of simvastatin by the  preparation of nanosuspension by emulsification solvent diffusion method at laboratory scale. Prepared nanosus-pension was evaluated for its particle size and in vitro dissolution study and characterized by zeta potential,differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-Ray diffractometry (XRD), motic digital microscopy, entrapment efficiency, total drug content, saturated solubility study and in vivo study. A 23 factorial design was employed to study the effect of independent variables, amount of SLS (X1), amount of PVPK-30 (X2) and poloxamer-188 (X3) and dependent variables are total drug content and polydispersity Index. The obtained results showed that particle size (nm) and rate of dissolution has been improved when nanosuspension prepared with the higherconcentration of PVPK-30 with the higher concentration of PVP K-30 and Poloxamer-188 and lower concentration of SLS. The particle size and zeta potential of optimized formulation was found to be 258.3 nm and 23.43. The rate of dissolution of the optimized nanosuspension was enhanced (90% in 60min), relative to plain simvastatin  (21% in 60 min), mainly due to the formation of nanosized particles. These results indicate the suitability of 23 factorial  design for preparation of simvastatin loaded nano-suspension significantly improved in vitro dissolution rate and thus possibly enhance fast onset of therapeutic drug effect. In vivo study shows increase in bioavailability in nanosuspension formulation than the plain simvastatin drug.

Optimization of Gold Nanoparticles Synthesis using Design of Experiments Technique

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (7) ◽  
pp. 1518-1423
Author(s):  
Adina Turcu Stiolica ◽  
Mariana Popescu ◽  
Maria Viorica Bubulica ◽  
Carmen Nicoleta Oancea ◽  
Claudiu Nicolicescu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Zeta Potential ◽  
Design Of Experiments ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Sodium Citrate ◽  
Drug Carriers ◽  
Chloroauric Acid ◽  
Gold Colloids ◽  
Citrate Concentration ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy

Gold nanoparticles are considered the newest drug carriers for different diseases. Therefore it is appropriate continuous optimization of their preparation. In this study, gold colloids with an average size of 1 - 26 nm were obtained by the reduction of tetrachloroauric acid with trisodium citrate. The nanomaterials were characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy and dynamic light scattering technique. In addition, zeta potential was measured for samples synthesized in order to determine the stability of the colloids. A Two-level Full Factorial design was chosen to determine the optimum set of process parameters (chloroauric acid concentration and sodium citrate concentration) and their effect on various gold nanoparticles characteristics (size and zeta potential). These effects were quantified using Design of Experiments (DoE) with 5 runs and 1 centerpoint. The selected objective and process model in this investigation are screening and interaction. Findings from this research show that to obtain particles larger than 35 nm, it is recommended to increase sodium citrate concentration, at low chloroauric acid values. These conditions will help to achieve smaller zeta potential, too.

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