Prediction of early compressive strength of mortars at different curing temperature and relative humidity by a modified maturity method

For cement-based materials, the curing temperature determines the strength gain rate and the value of compressive strength. In this paper, the 5% cement-stabilized macadam mixture is used. Three indoor controlled temperature curing and one outdoor natural curing scenarios are designed and implemented to study the strength development scenario law of compressive strength, and they are standard temperature curing (20°C), constant low temperature curing (10°C), day interaction temperature curing (varying from 6°C to 16°C), and one outdoor natural temperature curing (in which the air temperature ranges from 4°C to 20°C). Finally, based on the maturity method, the maturity-strength estimation model is obtained by using and analyzing the data collected from the indoor tests. The model is proved with high accuracy based on the validated results obtained from the data of outdoor tests. This research provides technical support for the construction of cement-stabilized macadam in regions with low temperature, which is beneficial in the construction process and quality control.

Download Full-text

Using the Maturity Method in Predicting the Compressive Strength of Vinyl Ester Polymer Concrete at an Early Age

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering ◽

10.1155/2017/4546732 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-12

Author(s):

Nan Ji Jin ◽

Kyu-Seok Yeon ◽

Seung-Ho Min ◽

Jaeheum Yeon

Keyword(s):

Compressive Strength ◽

Prediction Model ◽

Vinyl Ester ◽

Curing Temperature ◽

Polymer Concrete ◽

Early Age ◽

Time Interval ◽

Study Results ◽

Maturity Method ◽

Curing Age

The compressive strength of vinyl ester polymer concrete is predicted using the maturity method. The compressive strength rapidly increased until the curing age of 24 hrs and thereafter slowly increased until the curing age of 72 hrs. As the MMA content increased, the compressive strength decreased. Furthermore, as the curing temperature decreased, compressive strength decreased. For vinyl ester polymer concrete, datum temperature, ranging from −22.5 to −24.6°C, decreased as the MMA content increased. The maturity index equation for cement concrete cannot be applied to polymer concrete and the maturity of vinyl ester polymer concrete can only be estimated through control of the time interval Δt. Thus, this study introduced a suitable scaled-down factor (n) for the determination of polymer concrete’s maturity, and a factor of 0.3 was the most suitable. Also, the DR-HILL compressive strength prediction model was determined as applicable to vinyl ester polymer concrete among the dose-response models. For the parameters of the prediction model, applying the parameters by combining all data obtained from the three different amounts of MMA content was deemed acceptable. The study results could be useful for the quality control of vinyl ester polymer concrete and nondestructive prediction of early age strength.

Download Full-text

Complex Maturity Method for Estimating the Concrete Strength Based on Curing Temperature, Ambient Temperature and Relative Humidity

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app11167712 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (16) ◽

pp. 7712

Author(s):

Yelbek Utepov ◽

Aleksej Aniskin ◽

Assel Tulebekova ◽

Aliya Aldungarova ◽

Shyngys Zharassov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Relative Humidity ◽

Ambient Temperature ◽

Concrete Strength ◽

Economic Effect ◽

Curing Temperature ◽

Coefficient Of Determination ◽

Complex Method ◽

Current State ◽

Maturity Method ◽

Calibration Dependence

The maturity method is deservedly considered one of the reliable indirect methods for determining the strength at the early stages of concrete curing. The main parameter in the calculation is the internal temperature of concrete that accumulates during the chemical reaction of concrete curing, while external factors such as ambient temperature and relative humidity are fallaciously omitted. In this work, the complex maturity method was developed based on ASTM C1074, accounting for the influence of ambient temperature and relative humidity and coefficients indicating their influence weight. The laboratory testing to measure the concrete strength by compression method and non-destructive sclerometer method were performed on concrete samples according to ASTM C109, GOST 22690, and GOST 10180. According to the calibration dependence of the existing and proposed methods results in comparison with the strength of cubic samples, the highest coefficient of determination R2 = 0.976 was revealed for the complex method of maturity, which indicates its reliability in contrast with sclerometer and traditional maturity methods. The determination of complex maturity allows for an evaluation of the current state of concrete strength, but also reduces the waiting time for concrete curing and increases the economic effect during construction.

Download Full-text

Estimation of mortars compressive strength at different curing temperature by the maturity method

Construction and Building Materials ◽

10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2014.08.084 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 71 ◽

pp. 299-307 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Toufik Boubekeur ◽

Karim Ezziane ◽

El-Hadj Kadri

Keyword(s):

Compressive Strength ◽

Curing Temperature ◽

Maturity Method

Download Full-text

Variasi Penambahan Sika Cim Dan Fiber Kawat Pada Beton Mutu Fc’ 30 Mpa

Jurnal Intake : Jurnal Penelitian Ilmu Teknik dan Terapan ◽

10.32492/jintake.v9i2.776 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 67-73

Author(s):

M Zainul Arifin

Keyword(s):

Tensile Strength ◽

Compressive Strength ◽

Curing Temperature ◽

Test Results ◽

Concrete Compressive Strength ◽

Normal Concrete ◽

Astm Method ◽

Additive Type ◽

Composition Variation ◽

Compressive Strength Of Concrete

This research was conducted to determine the value of the highest compressive strength from the ratio of normal concrete to normal concrete plus additive types of Sika Cim with a composition variation of 0.25%, 0.50%, 0.75%, 1.00%, 1.25%, 1 , 50% and 1.75% of the weight of cement besides that in this study also aims to find the highest tensile strength from the ratio of normal concrete to normal concrete in the mixture of sika cim composition at the highest compressive strength above and after that added fiber wire with a size diameter of 1 mm in length 100 mm with a ratio of 1% of material weight. The concrete mix plan was calculated using the ASTM method, the matrial composition of the normal concrete mixture as follows, 314 kg / m3 cement, 789 kg / m3 sand, 1125 kg / m3 gravel and 189 liters / m3 of water at 10 cm slump, then normal concrete added variations of the composition of sika cim 0.25%, 0.50%, 0.75%, 1.00%, 1.25%, 1.5%, 1.75% by weight of cement and fiber, the tests carried out were compressive strength of concrete and tensile strength of concrete, normal maintenance is soaked in fresh water for 28 days at 30oC. From the test results it was found that the normal concrete compressive strength at the age of 28 days was fc1 30 Mpa, the variation in the addition of the sika cim additive type mineral was achieved in composition 0.75% of the cement weight of fc1 40.2 Mpa 30C. Besides that the tensile strength test results were 28 days old with the addition of 1% fiber wire mineral to the weight of the material at a curing temperature of 30oC of 7.5%.

Download Full-text

Effect of Calcium Nitrate on the Properties of Portland–Limestone Cement-Based Concrete Cured at Low Temperature

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma14071611 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (7) ◽

pp. 1611

Author(s):

Gintautas Skripkiūnas ◽

Asta Kičaitė ◽

Harald Justnes ◽

Ina Pundienė

Keyword(s):

Compressive Strength ◽

Cement Paste ◽

Setting Time ◽

Calcium Nitrate ◽

Curing Temperature ◽

Hardened Concrete ◽

Cement Pastes ◽

Initial Setting Time ◽

Initial Setting ◽

Early Strength

The effect of calcium nitrate (CN) dosages from 0 to 3% (of cement mass) on the properties of fresh cement paste rheology and hardening processes and on the strength of hardened concrete with two types of limestone-blended composite cements (CEM II A-LL 42.5 R and 42.5 N) at different initial (two-day) curing temperatures (−10 °C to +20 °C) is presented. The rheology results showed that a CN dosage up to 1.5% works as a plasticizing admixture, while higher amounts demonstrate the effect of increasing viscosity. At higher CN content, the viscosity growth in normal early strength (N type) cement pastes is much slower than in high early strength (R type) cement pastes. For both cement-type pastes, shortening the initial and final setting times is more effective when using 3% at +5 °C and 0 °C. At these temperatures, the use of 3% CN reduces the initial setting time for high early strength paste by 7.4 and 5.4 times and for normal early strength cement paste by 3.5 and 3.4 times when compared to a CN-free cement paste. The most efficient use of CN is achieved at −5 °C for compressive strength enlargement; a 1% CN dosage ensures the compressive strength of samples at a −5 °C initial curing temperature, with high early strength cement exceeding 3.5 MPa but being less than the required 3.5 MPa in samples with normal early strength cement.

Download Full-text

Machine Learning Approaches for Prediction of the Compressive Strength of Alkali Activated Termite Mound Soil

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app11114754 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (11) ◽

pp. 4754

Author(s):

Assia Aboubakar Mahamat ◽

Moussa Mahamat Boukar ◽

Nurudeen Mahmud Ibrahim ◽

Tido Tiwa Stanislas ◽

Numfor Linda Bih ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Compressive Strength ◽

Construction Materials ◽

Curing Temperature ◽

Sustainable Construction ◽

Support Vector ◽

Learning Approaches ◽

Artificial Neural Network Ann ◽

Curing Regime ◽

Alkali Activated

Earth-based materials have shown promise in the development of ecofriendly and sustainable construction materials. However, their unconventional usage in the construction field makes the estimation of their properties difficult and inaccurate. Often, the determination of their properties is conducted based on a conventional materials procedure. Hence, there is inaccuracy in understanding the properties of the unconventional materials. To obtain more accurate properties, a support vector machine (SVM), artificial neural network (ANN) and linear regression (LR) were used to predict the compressive strength of the alkali-activated termite soil. In this study, factors such as activator concentration, Si/Al, initial curing temperature, water absorption, weight and curing regime were used as input parameters due to their significant effect in the compressive strength. The experimental results depict that SVM outperforms ANN and LR in terms of R2 score and root mean square error (RMSE).

Download Full-text

Grinding Kinetics of Slag and Effect of Final Particle Size on the Compressive Strength of Alkali Activated Materials

Minerals ◽

10.3390/min9110714 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (11) ◽

pp. 714 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Evangelos Petrakis ◽

Vasiliki Karmali ◽

Georgios Bartzas ◽

Konstantinos Komnitsas

Keyword(s):

Particle Size ◽

Compressive Strength ◽

Particle Size Distribution ◽

Size Distribution ◽

Ageing Time ◽

Reduction Rate ◽

Curing Temperature ◽

Alkali Activation ◽

Final Particle ◽

Alkali Activated

This study aims to model grinding of a Polish ferronickel slag and evaluate the particle size distributions (PSDs) of the products obtained after different grinding times. Then, selected products were alkali activated in order to investigate the effect of particle size on the compressive strength of the produced alkali activated materials (AAMs). Other parameters affecting alkali activation, i.e., temperature, curing, and ageing time were also examined. Among the different mathematical models used to simulate the particle size distribution, Rosin–Rammler (RR) was found to be the most suitable. When piecewise regression analysis was applied to experimental data it was found that the particle size distribution of the slag products exhibits multifractal character. In addition, grinding of slag exhibits non-first-order behavior and the reduction rate of each size is time dependent. The grinding rate and consequently the grinding efficiency increases when the particle size increases, but drops sharply near zero after prolonged grinding periods. Regarding alkali activation, it is deduced that among the parameters studied, particle size (and the respective specific surface area) of the raw slag product and curing temperature have the most noticeable impact on the compressive strength of the produced AAMs.

Download Full-text

Effects of Nano-CaCO3 on the Compressive Strength and Microstructure of High Strength Concrete in Different Curing Temperature

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.121-126.126 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 121-126 ◽

pp. 126-131 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Qing Lei Xu ◽

Tao Meng ◽

Miao Zhou Huang

Keyword(s):

Compressive Strength ◽

Low Temperature ◽

High Strength Concrete ◽

High Strength ◽

Curing Temperature ◽

Test Results ◽

Strength Concrete ◽

Calcium Nitrite ◽

Orientation Index ◽

Early Strength

In this paper, effects of nano-CaCO3 on compressive strength and Microstructure of high strength concrete in standard curing temperature(21±1°C) and low curing temperature(6.5±1°C) was studied. In order to improve the early strength of the concrete in low temperature, the early strength agent calcium nitrite was added into. Test results indicated that 0.5% dosage of nano-CaCO3 could inhibit the effect of calcium nitrite as early strength agent, but 1% and 2% dosage of nano-CaCO3 could improve the strength of the concrete by 13% and 18% in standard curing temperature and by 17% and 14% in low curing temperature at the age of 3days. According to the XRD spectrum, with the dosage up to 1% to 2%, nano-CaCO3 can change the orientation index significantly, leading to the improvement of strength of concrete both in standard curing temperature and low curing temperature.

Download Full-text

Synthesis of Geopolymer from Inorganic Construction Waste

Journal of Nepal Chemical Society ◽

10.3126/jncs.v30i0.9334 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 30 ◽

pp. 45-51 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Arbind Pathak ◽

Vinay Kumar Jha

Keyword(s):

Compressive Strength ◽

Coal Fly Ash ◽

Chemical Society ◽

Raw Material ◽

Curing Temperature ◽

Alkali Concentration ◽

Curing Time ◽

Mass Ratio ◽

Construction Waste ◽

Alumino Silicate

Recently, the demolition of old houses and the construction of new buildings in Kathmandu valley are in the peak which in turn generates a huge amount of construction waste. There are two major types of construction wastes which are burden for disposal namely cement-sand-waste (CSW) and the coal fly ash (CFA). These construction wastes are rich source of alumino-silicate and thus used as raw material for the synthesis of geopolymer in this study. Geopolymers have been synthesized from CSW and CFA using NaOH-KOH and Na2SiO3 as activators. Some parameters like alkali concentration, amount of Na2SiO3 and curing time have been varied in order to improve the quality of geopolymeric product. The geopolymerization process has been carried out using 3-8M KOH/NaOH solutions, Na2SiO3 to CFA and CSW mass ratio of 0.25-2.00 and curing time variation from 5-28 days. The curing temperature was fixed at 40ºC in all the cases. 6M NaOH and 7M KOH solutions were found appropriate alkali concentrations while the ratio of sodium silicate to CSW and CFA of 0.5 and 1.75 respectively were found suitable mass ratio for the process of geopolymer synthesis. The maximum compressive strength of only 7.3 MPa after 15 days curing time with CSW raw material was achieved while with CFA, the compressive strength was found to be 41.9 MPa with increasing the curing time up to 28 days.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jncs.v30i0.9334Journal of Nepal Chemical Society Vol. 30, 2012 Page: 45-51 Uploaded date: 12/16/2013

Download Full-text