Physical Composition and Organization of the Gossypium Genomes

2009 ◽  
pp. 141-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lifeng Lin ◽  
Andrew H. Paterson
Keyword(s):  
Physical Composition

scholarly journals Unraveling the fine-tuned lemon coloration of a pierid butterfly Catopsilia pomona

Microscopy ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 66 (6) ◽  
pp. 414-423
Author(s):  
Monalisa Mishra ◽  
Ashutosh Choudhury ◽  
P Sagar Achary ◽  
Harekrushna Sahoo
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Variable Temperature ◽  
Wing Pattern ◽  
Physical Composition ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Microscopy Techniques ◽  
Pierid Butterfly ◽  
Best Fit ◽  
Scanning Electron

Abstract Butterflies wings possess different types of scales to perform diverse functions. Each scale has many nano and microstructures, which interferes with light, resulting in unique coloration for each butterfly. Besides coloration, the arrangement of scales further helps in giving better survivability. Thus, analysis of wing pattern provides an overall idea about adaptation and activity of the animal. The current study deciphers the structure and composition of a wing of a pierid butterfly Catopsilia pomona, which remains active at 42°C at which temperature all other butterflies face a tougher task for existence. In order to know the relation between survivability and adaptation in the wing, we have investigated the structural and physical composition of the wing of C. pomona under optical spectroscopy (absorption, reflectance and transmittance) along with microscopy techniques (optical and scanning electron microscopy), which are not described in earlier studies. The current findings reveal unique structural arrangement within scales to provide the best fit to the animal in variable temperature.

Development of Resistant Coating Systems Based on Polymer Binders

2014 ◽  
Vol 897 ◽  
pp. 262-265
Author(s):  
Michael Tupý ◽  
Vít Petranek ◽  
Jana Kosíková
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Coating ◽  
Chemical Resistance ◽  
Water Solution ◽  
Coating Materials ◽  
Polymer Binders ◽  
Physical Composition ◽  
Common Substrate ◽  
The Common ◽  
Secondary Materials ◽  
Glass Packaging

The aim of the work was to propose the application for waste secondary materials as filler in polymer coating systems. Authors decided to use two different water-based epoxide binders: Lena N141 and Lena N 121 and the waste suitable materials were chosen by its chemical and physical composition and properties. Used recycled materials were glass of windscreen, glass beads, screen, glass packaging and fluorescent glass. The particle size and scanning of grain were determined. The chemical resistance and the adhesion of coating materials to the common substrate were also tested. The chemical resistance was tested with substances: distilled water, oil, petrol, acetone, 20% water solution of NaCl, 50 % water solution of ethanol, 5 % and 30 % water solution of NaOH a 20 % water solution of H2SO4.

scholarly journals The shrinkage of soils

1917 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 312-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. A. Tempany
Keyword(s):  
Linear Relationship ◽  
Pore Space ◽  
Linear Shrinkage ◽  
Fine Silt ◽  
Leeward Islands ◽  
Physical Composition ◽  
Colloidal Clay ◽  
Internal Pore ◽  
Limiting Value

1. By determination of the internal pore space in blocks of soils and comparison with the observed value for the linear shrinkage it is found that a linear relationship appears to exist between the two values.2. By extrapolating the curve thus obtained an approximation for the limiting value of the shrinkage in the case of pure colloidal clay is arrived at amounting to approximately 23 per cent.3. On this assumption it becomes possible to calculate the approximate content of colloidal material in any soil from a knowledge of the linear shrinkage.4. Results are adduced, showing the values obtained for the shrinkage in the case of separated fine silt and clay fractions in the case of two soils of known shrinkage and physical composition, and compared with the values calculated from previous assumptions.5. The results of the calculation of the content of colloidal clay in the foregoing manner in the case of 16 Leeward Islands soils are appended.

The Comprehensive Treatment Pattern of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) Based on Category Classification of Beijing

2013 ◽  
Vol 295-298 ◽  
pp. 1696-1700 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Yu Zhang ◽  
Qing Yuan Yang ◽  
Guo Xue Li
Keyword(s):  
Waste Incineration ◽  
Treatment Pattern ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Recycling Rate ◽  
Comprehensive Treatment ◽  
High Moisture ◽  
Kitchen Waste ◽  
Physical Composition ◽  
Benefit Cost

Detailed investigations on the physical composition and properties of MSW in the experimental districts revealed that high moisture and high percentage of kitchen waste are the main limiting factors in the recovery of recyclables. A new category classified system, according to which MSW was classified as kitchen waste, other waste and ash waste, was proposed of South Beijing. In addition, a corresponding MSW treatment pattern that involves all compost for kitchen waste, incineration for other waste and landfill, for ash waste and residues of composting and incineration were constituted to promote efficiency of waste disposal. The recycling rate, benefit cost ratios and the production rate of compost were improved about 65.0%, 31.6% and 82.9%, respectively. But the landfill capacity was reduced by 81.6% for the category classified MSW as compared with mixed collected pattern.

scholarly journals Characterization and Analysis of Household Solid Waste Composition to Identify the Optimal Waste Management Method: A Case Study in Hanoi City, Vietnam

Earth ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 1046-1058
Author(s):  
Ngo Phuong ◽  
Helmut Yabar ◽  
Takeshi Mizunoya
Keyword(s):  
Solid Waste ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Waste Generation ◽  
Household Solid Waste ◽  
Physical Composition ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Solid Waste Generation ◽  
Management Method ◽  
Lifestyle Patterns

A survey on household solid waste generation and physical composition was conducted in Hanoi City, the capital of Vietnam. The study sampled 110 households in specific areas with different population density and household scale. Household solid waste was classified into 13 main categories and 25 sub-categories. The results showed that average generation rate of waste in Hanoi City is 0.63 kg per person per day with a slightly higher rate in rural areas than urban ones. The largest proportion was food and garden waste at 78.9% followed by plastic and paper. Plastic waste was segregated into plastic and nylon, and nylon was double that of plastics in household solid waste. Compared to previous studies, this study found a higher portion of organic matter in the waste characterization that could be attributed to the changes in lifestyle patterns associated with COVID-19. This situation provides challenges and opportunities for introducing biomass technology to recover energy.

scholarly journals Prediction of Physicochemical Properties of Pummelo Juice Concentrates as a Function of Temperature and Concentration

2008 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nyuk L Chin ◽  
Suit M Chan ◽  
Yus Aniza Yusof ◽  
Teong Guan Chuah ◽  
Rosnita A Talib
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Water Activity ◽  
Fruit Juice ◽  
Multiple Linear Regressions ◽  
Processing Industry ◽  
Juice Processing ◽  
Physical Composition ◽  
Linear Regressions

The properties of pummelo juice were studied by measuring its chemical and physical composition. Pummelo fruit juice was freeze-concentrated to a concentration varying from 10 to 50 °Brix for investigation at temperature ranging from 6 to 75 °C. The fresh pummelo juice compositions in terms of moisture content, ash, fat, protein, fibre, carbohydrates, and vitamin C are comparable to existing literature. The water activity, pH and acidity were predictable linearly by its concentration measured in °Brix. The density of pummelo juice was well-predicted using linear regressions with a single parameter (i.e., concentration), giving R2>0.983 and with a temperature at R2>0.921. The density of pummelo juice showed stronger dependence on its concentration than on the temperature. With multiple linear regressions, the density could be predicted by the equation, with an R2 of 0.9877. As such, these predictions are useful in the juice processing industry as densities variant by concentration and temperature are important during the pasteurization process.

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