Classification of Natural Disasters

2013 ◽  
pp. 78-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Glade ◽  
David E. Alexander
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disasters

scholarly journals Natural Disasters Intensity Analysis and Classification Based on Multispectral Images Using Multi-Layered Deep Convolutional Neural Network

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 2648
Author(s):  
Muhammad Aamir ◽  
Tariq Ali ◽  
Muhammad Irfan ◽  
Ahmad Shaf ◽  
Muhammad Zeeshan Azam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Convolutional Neural Network ◽  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Deep Convolutional Neural Network ◽  
Multispectral Images ◽  
Learning Techniques ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Disaster Intensity ◽  
And Performance

Natural disasters not only disturb the human ecological system but also destroy the properties and critical infrastructures of human societies and even lead to permanent change in the ecosystem. Disaster can be caused by naturally occurring events such as earthquakes, cyclones, floods, and wildfires. Many deep learning techniques have been applied by various researchers to detect and classify natural disasters to overcome losses in ecosystems, but detection of natural disasters still faces issues due to the complex and imbalanced structures of images. To tackle this problem, we propose a multilayered deep convolutional neural network. The proposed model works in two blocks: Block-I convolutional neural network (B-I CNN), for detection and occurrence of disasters, and Block-II convolutional neural network (B-II CNN), for classification of natural disaster intensity types with different filters and parameters. The model is tested on 4428 natural images and performance is calculated and expressed as different statistical values: sensitivity (SE), 97.54%; specificity (SP), 98.22%; accuracy rate (AR), 99.92%; precision (PRE), 97.79%; and F1-score (F1), 97.97%. The overall accuracy for the whole model is 99.92%, which is competitive and comparable with state-of-the-art algorithms.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF PHYSICS LEARNING MATTER INTEGRATED DISASTER IN WEST SUMATERA

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 114
Author(s):  
Muhammad Arif ◽  
Dina Syaflita
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Natural Disaster ◽  
Teaching Material ◽  
Learning Material ◽  
Physics Learning ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
Prone Area ◽  
Almost All ◽  
And Behavior

West Sumatera is a disaster prone area, especially disasters such as earthquakes, landslides, floods,tsunamis, and volcanoes. The high potential of natural disasters has consequences for the importance ofdisaster mitigation efforts. School is an effective tool in shaping of mindset and behavior of students. Oneeffort that can be done is integrate the topic of natural disaster into learning, especially physics learning.Integrating physical matter in learning requires material analysis aimed at making disaster topics integratedin accordance with learning topic. The type of this research is descriptive research. The results of theresearch indicate that an analysis of the relevance of learning material to the topic of integrated disastersneeds to be done so that the integration between teaching material and the topic of disasters is carried out inharmony. Almost all physics learning material can be integrated with the topic of disasters that often hit theWest Sumatra region. The classification of material on the topic of integrated disasters is classified into factand metacognitive material.

Fatalities caused by floods: a comparison between global databases and country scale historical research

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele Mercuri ◽  
Olga Petrucci
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Insurance Companies ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Global Databases ◽  
Humanitarian Organizations ◽  
Spatial Coverage

<p>Datasets supporting the study of natural disasters and allowing spatial/temporal analyses of phenomena and their interactions with human societies is rapidly growing, due to the efforts of insurance companies, universities and humanitarian organizations. At the global scale, several disasters catalogues are available, even if some are only partially accessible. Generally, the focus is on the complete impact of disasters, in terms of areas affected and economic damage. Each record is a natural disaster, while database fields contain parameters assessing disaster magnitude. One of this parameter is the number of fatalities.</p><p>In Australia and USA, databases of fatalities caused by specific kinds of natural disasters are available, while, for Europe, natural disasters mortality is often investigated using global databases.</p><p>The present research focus on floods and their effects on people mortality. We named “flood fatalities” (FFs) people killed by direct impact of flood events due to the following short-term clinical causes: 1) Drowning; 2) Collapse/Heart attack; 3) Poly-trauma; 4) Poly-trauma and Suffocation; 5) Hypothermia; 6) Suffocation; 7) Electrocution.</p><p>For a 40-years study period and for 9 European study areas, we performed a survey of FFs reported in four of the widely known global databases. Then we compared figures with the results of a very specific research carried out for the same study areas and study period at a country scale, and focusing on a very restricted field: fatalities caused by floods.</p><p>The comparison highlights as the use of global databases can supply figures of FFs not correctly estimated, either underestimated or overestimated.</p><p>Underestimation depends on the fact that collecting data at the global scale needs some severity threshold of floods to be included in the database. Thus, local events causing a few FFs, as i.e. flash flooding, are systematically excluded, even if the majority of floods that occur in developed countries kill less than 10 people. This results in an underestimation of FFs, which is going to increase due to the increasing frequency of localized floods or flash floods related to climate change. Overestimation, instead, can happen due to the classification of fatalities occurred at the same time of the flood, even if they are caused by other phenomena (i.e., landslides, debris flows and wind).</p><p>This work aims to demonstrate how a database of flood fatalities realized at a country scale can supply realistic figures of fatalities in European countries, providing information that can reduce flood fatalities in the future. Our database is available for the period 1980-2018 (Petrucci et al., 2019). We encourage researchers working in European countries to collaborate with us to increase spatial coverage of the database and promote its common use in studies on flood mortality.</p><p>Petrucci O., Aceto, L., Bianchi, C., Bigot, V., Brázdil, R., Pereira, S., Kahraman, A., Kılıç, O., Kotroni, V., Llasat, M.C., Llasat-Botija, M., Papagiannaki, K., Pasqua. A.A., Řehoř J., Rossello Geli, J. Salvati, P., Vinet, F., Zêzere, J.L. (2019). Flood Fatalities in Europe, 1980–2018: Variability, Features, and Lessons to Learn. Water, 11(8), 1682.</p>

scholarly journals Classification of natural disasters between the legislation and application: experience of the Republic of Serbia

2013 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tin Lukić ◽  
Milivoj B. Gavrilov ◽  
Slobodan B. Marković ◽  
Blaž Komac ◽  
Matija Zorn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disasters ◽  
The Republic

scholarly journals C.45 Algorithm for Classification of Causes of Landslides

SinkrOn ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yopi Handrianto ◽  
Muhammad Farhan
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Mass Movement ◽  
Volcanic Eruptions ◽  
Classification Model ◽  
Data Mining Approach ◽  
C4.5 Algorithm ◽  
Decision Tree Method ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Tree Method

Abstract— Natural disasters are disasters caused by natural events and cannot be avoided including earthquakes, tsunamis, volcanic eruptions, floods, hurricanes, droughts, and landslides. One of the natural disasters that often occurs in Indonesia is a landslide disaster. One of the regencies in West Java Province that had experienced a landslide was a Purwakarta district area. Landslide is one type of mass or rock mass movement, or a mixture of both, down or out of the slope due to the disruption of the stability of the soil or rocks making up the slope. With a data mining approach that uses the decision tree method or C4.5 Algorithm, a classification model will be made where the model functions as a classification of the causes of landslides in Purwakarta district.

scholarly journals The concept of “Natural cataclysm”: patterns and causal relationships

2021 ◽  
Vol 102 (2) ◽  
pp. 102-107
Author(s):  
Ainur Serikkyzy Murzinova ◽  
◽  
Kulyash Nurbergenovna Mamirova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Monitoring Systems ◽  
Causal Relationships ◽  
Destructive Effect ◽  
Natural Processes ◽  
Aerospace Monitoring ◽  
Monitoring And Forecasting ◽  
The Impact

The article examines natural disasters directly occurring in the geographical shell. In the content of the article the authors give their own interpretation of the concept of “natural disaster”. A classification of natural disasters is proposed and their interactions are established. The causal relationships of natural disasters determining their factors, indicators and their consequences are revealed. The assessment of dangerous natural processes is given, and the classification of cataclysms is made by the scale of manifestation, time, nature of origin, area of manifestation, as well as by the nature of the impact. The following typology of natural disasters is presented: cataclysms that have a destructive effect (hurricanes, typhoons, tornadoes, earthquakes); cataclysms that have a paralyzing (stopping) effect on the movement of vehicles (snowfall, downpour with flooding, ice, thunderstorm and fog); cataclysms that have a depleting effect (reduce the yield, soil fertility, water supply, etc.); cataclysms capable of causing technological accidents/natural and technical disasters (lightning, ice, icing, biochemical corrosion, etc.). At the same time the article deals with the tasks of monitoring and forecasting natural disasters. Particular attention is paid to the synthesis of environmental monitoring systems that ensure the collection, storage and processing of the necessary information to solve these problems. A new concept of synthesis of aerospace monitoring systems based on algorithms and methods of ecoinformatics and consisting the joint use of information technologies and models of evolution of environmental subsystems is characterized. Concrete situations of occurrence of natural disasters are analyzed.

scholarly journals CLASSIFICATION OF LAND CAPABILITY IN MANOKWARI AREA USING GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM (GIS)

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-139
Author(s):  
Brenda Fonataba ◽  
Prima Jiwa Osly ◽  
Irfan Ihsani
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Information System ◽  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Regional Development ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Land Resources ◽  
Land Capability ◽  
Land Quality ◽  
Analysis Process

The Land is a natural resource that has limitations to accommodate human activities in land use. Utilization of land for residential land, regional development or, other land uses sometimes creates many environmental problems such as degradation of land quality and disturbance of natural balance. The increasing need for and competition in land use for regional development in Manokwari Regency requires careful thought in making decisions about the most beneficial use of limited land resources. Land Capability Classification is directed to determine the potential of land for broad land use based on suitable methods of use. The research variables used are nine Land Capability Units (LCU), namely LCU Morphology, LCU Slope Stability, LCU for Foundation Stability, LCU Water Availability, LCU Ease of Doing, LCU Against Erosion, LCU for Waste Disposal, LCU for Drainage and LCU for Natural Disasters. All LCU are analyzed using input in the form of factors limiting land capability consisting of maps of elevation, slope, soil type, rainfall, watershed, geology, natural disasters, and land use. The analysis produces an output in the form of a land capability classification map from the results of the digital spatial analysis process using a Geographical Information System (GIS).

Torrential Floods and Soil Erosion

2022 ◽  
pp. 260-281
Author(s):  
Slađan Đikić
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Potential Method ◽  
Natural Phenomena ◽  
Unsolvable Problem ◽  
Erosion Processes ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Technical Measures

Floods on large rivers and torrential floods are the most common natural disasters in the Republic of Serbia. Floods on rivers are natural phenomena that go far beyond the framework of water management and hydro-technical measures. Given the distribution of hilly and mountainous areas in the Republic of Serbia and the developed hydrographic network, torrential floods occur very often, almost every year. Torrential floods and soil erosion are inseparable natural phenomena that shaped the relief long before the appearance of living beings on Earth. Erosion processes are difficult to notice and slow and are most often noticed only when large areas are exposed, and then the problem of erosion becomes a difficult-to-solve or unsolvable problem. For the classification of erosion processes in the Republic of Serbia, the EPM method (erosion potential method) is used, which classifies erosion into five categories that have their own quantitative characteristics.

The Impact of Landslides on Local Infrastructure and the Environment

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Izabela Skrzypczak ◽  
Wanda Kokoszka ◽  
Janusz Kogut
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Risk Analysis ◽  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Landslide Hazard ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Environmental Processes ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Technical Failures

Landslides are environmental processes that lead to natural disasters or technical failures, the effects of which usually threaten the life, health and property of people. In the classification of natural disasters and hazards that occur in the world, landslides are in fifth place, both in the number of casualties and material losses. Continuous surveillance and risk assessment is a very important issue in preventing the effects of natural disasters. The paper presents the causes of landslides, the classification of landslides, several examples of landslides and damage caused by landslides. Here, the occurrence of landslides as climatic events is given, as well as geological and anthropogenic factors of landslides. The paper indicates risk assessment methods in case of landslide hazard. The risk analysis developed here is presented for selected landslides from the Subcarpathian province.

Note on the spectral classification of carbon stars in the photographic infrared region

1966 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 21-23
Author(s):  
Y. Fujita
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Region ◽  
Spectral Classification ◽  
Carbon Stars

We have investigated the spectrograms (dispersion: 8Å/mm) in the photographic infrared region fromλ7500 toλ9000 of some carbon stars obtained by the coudé spectrograph of the 74-inch reflector attached to the Okayama Astrophysical Observatory. The names of the stars investigated are listed in Table 1.

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