Attachment and Dislocation: African-American Journeys in the USA

2010 ◽  
pp. 237-247
Author(s):  
Carol B. Stack
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
The Usa

Tornadoes, poverty and race in the USA: A five-decade analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Russ D. Kashian ◽  
Tracy Buchman ◽  
Robert Drago
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Study Finding ◽  
Median Income ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Vulnerable Communities ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Level Data ◽  
The Usa

PurposeThe study aims to analyze the roles of poverty and African American status in terms of vulnerability to tornado damages and barriers to recovery afterward.Design/methodology/approachUsing five decades of county-level data on tornadoes, the authors test whether economic damages from tornadoes are correlated with vulnerability (proxied by poverty and African American status) and wealth (proxied by median income and educational attainment), controlling for tornado risk. A multinomial logistic difference-in-difference (DID) estimator is used to analyze long-run effects of tornadoes in terms of displacement (reduced proportions of the poor and African Americans), abandonment (increased proportions of those groups) and neither or both.FindingsControlling for tornado risk, poverty and African American status are linked to greater tornado damages, as is wealth. Absent tornadoes, displacement and abandonment are both more likely to occur in urban settings and communities with high levels of vulnerability, while abandonment is more likely to occur in wealthy communities, consistent with on-going forces of segregation. Tornado damages significantly increase abandonment in vulnerable communities, thereby increasing the prevalence of poor African Americans in those communities. Therefore, the authors conclude that tornadoes contribute to on-going processes generating inequality by poverty/race.Originality/valueThe current paper is the first study connecting tornado damages to race and poverty. It is also the first study finding that tornadoes contribute to long-term processes of segregation and inequality.

Patient-related barriers to some virtual healthcare services among cancer patients in the USA: a population-based study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omar Abdel-Rahman
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
African American ◽  
National Health Interview Survey ◽  
Population Based ◽  
The Past ◽  
Virtual Care ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Interview Survey ◽  
African American Race

Objective: To assess the patient-related barriers to access of some virtual healthcare tools among cancer patients in the USA in a population-based cohort. Materials & methods: National Health Interview Survey datasets (2011–2018) were reviewed and adult participants (≥18 years old) with a history of cancer diagnosis and complete information about virtual healthcare utilization (defined by [a] filling a prescription on the internet in the past 12 months and/or [b] communicating with a healthcare provider through email in the past 12 months) were included. Information about video-conferenced phone calls and telephone calls are not available in the National Health Interview Survey datasets; and thus, they were not examined in this study. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate factors associated with the utilization of virtual care tools. Results: A total of 25,121 participants were included in the current analysis; including 4499 participants (17.9%) who utilized virtual care in the past 12 months and 20,622 participants (82.1%) who did not utilize virtual care in the past 12 months. The following factors were associated with less utilization of virtual healthcare tools in multivariable logistic regression: older age (continuous odds ratio [OR] with increasing age: 0.987; 95% CI: 0.984–0.990), African-American race (OR for African American vs white race: 0.608; 95% CI: 0.517–0.715), unmarried status (OR for unmarried compared with married status: 0.689; 95% CI: 0.642–0.739), lower level of education (OR for education ≤high school vs >high school: 0.284; 95% CI: 0.259–0.311), weaker English proficiency (OR for no proficiency vs very good proficiency: 0.224; 95% CI: 0.091–0.552) and lower yearly earnings (OR for earnings <$45,000 vs earnings >$45,000: 0.582; 95% CI: 0.523–0.647). Conclusion: Older patients, those with African-American race, lower education, lower earnings and weak English proficiency are less likely to access the above studied virtual healthcare tools. Further efforts are needed to tackle disparities in telemedicine access.

scholarly journals POETRY OF NATASHA TRETHEWEY IN CONTEMPORARY CULTURAL DISCOURSE

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (87) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oleksandr Lukyanenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
American Literature ◽  
The United States ◽  
Library Of Congress ◽  
Early 21St Century ◽  
Poet Laureate ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Individual ◽  
State Registration ◽  
The Right

The article provides an analysis of the presence of the American poet-laureate Natasha Trethewey in modern literary discourse. The publication emphasizes the need to combine the methods of linguistics and culturology, anthropology and everyday history in the study of the construction of everyday USA in the works of the poet. The author explains the relevance of certain topics in the work of N. Trethewey to understand the psychology of the African American population in the USA. The state of studying the work of the poet-laureate in domestic science is determined. Remarks were made on the specifics of the creative search for the master of the word. The article illustrates the problem of reflection and national (ethnic) consciousness through the prism of the poetic word. She became the poetic voice of black America in the early 21st century. The ambiguous African-American side of the history of the United States awoke in the pages of her collections. With the deepening equality movement that swept North America during Donald Trump’s reactionary presidency, the lines of her poetry condemning racism, showing the country's participation in the American nation's foundation, and the often painful diffusion of white and black worldviews sound rather poignant. America. These reflections gained special strength with the development of the Black Lives Matter public initiative. The author’s work is gaining weight with the emphasis of the world community on gender issues. During the existence of the award in its various forms, women struggled to fight for the right to be the face of American literature. Of the 30 poetry advisers in the Library of Congress (the award was named from 1936 to 1986), only 6 were women. Since the renaming of the award in 1986, an unprecedented wave of feminization has begun. In 2012, Natasha Trethewey became the sixth woman to work among the nineteen winners in this office at the Library of Congress since the late 1980s. The work was carried out within the framework of the research theme of the Department of Culturology of the Poltava National Pedagogical University named after V.G.Korolenko “Polylogue of the global and regional in the formation of the socio-cultural identity of the individual” (state registration number 0120U103840).

HLA-A, -B and -Cw alleles in an African American population from the USA

2004 ◽  
Vol 65 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 1191-1193
Author(s):  
K. Cao ◽  
J.A. Hollenbach ◽  
X.J. Shi ◽  
W.X. Shi ◽  
M. Chopek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
American Population ◽  
African American Population ◽  
The Usa

The African American Tobacco Control Leadership Council: Advocating for a menthol cigarette ban in San Francisco, California

2021 ◽  
pp. tobaccocontrol-2020-056215
Author(s):  
Sarah D Mills ◽  
Carol O McGruder ◽  
Valerie B Yerger
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Tobacco Control ◽  
San Francisco ◽  
Community Support ◽  
Control Policy ◽  
Tobacco Product ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Menthol Cigarette ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Product Sales

The African American Tobacco Control Leadership Council (AATCLC) is an advocacy group that works to inform the direction of tobacco control policy and priorities in the USA. This article narrates the AATCLC’s work advocating for a comprehensive, flavoured tobacco product sales ban in San Francisco, California. Recommendations for tobacco control advocates and lessons learned from their work are provided. The article concludes by discussing conditions necessary to enact the policy. These include having a dedicated advocacy team, community support, a policy sponsor, and clear and repeated messaging that is responsive to community concerns.

Abstract 13692: Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Atrial Fibrillation Risk in African American Veterans

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (Suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Apostolos Tsimploulis ◽  
charles faselis ◽  
Eric J Rashba ◽  
Hans Moore ◽  
Pamela Karasik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
African American ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Washington Dc ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Metabolic Equivalents ◽  
Exercise Treadmill ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard Models ◽  
Cv Disease

Introduction: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained arrhythmia, affecting >10 million in the USA. The beneficial effects of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) on cardiovascular (CV) diseases are well-documented. Interestingly, African American (AA) individuals are less prone to develop AF. Little is known about the association between CRF and AF in AA men. Hypothesis: CRF-AF risk association in AA men. Methods: We identified 11,216 AA Veterans with a mean age (±SD) 58±11 years who completed a symptom-limited exercise treadmill test at the VAMCs in Washington DC and Palo Alto CA. None exhibited evidence of ischemia or AF during and prior to it. We established four fitness groups based on age-specific quartiles of peak metabolic equivalents (METs) achieved: Least-Fit: 4.4 ±1.2 METs (n=2,530); Moderate-Fit: 6.6±1.3 METs (n=3,361); Fit: 8.1±1.4 METs (n=2,719) and High-Fit: 11.2±2.4 METs (n=2,606). AF was identified by a search of the medical records CPRS (database) using ICD coding and verified by 2 investigators. Cox proportional hazard models adjusted for age, CV disease, CV medications and risk factors were constructed to assess the CRF-AF association. P-values <0.05 using two sided tests were considered statistically significant. Results: During a mean follow-up period of 10.7±6.2 years, 1,423 patients developed AF; 421(16.6%) in the Least-Fit, 366 (10.9%) in Moderate-Fit, 323 (11.9%) in Fit and 313 (12%) in the High-Fit group. The CRF-AF association was inverse and graded. When compared to the patients in the Least-Fit group, the AF risk in the Moderate-Fit group was 29% lower (HR=0.71; 95% CI: 0.62-0.82, p<0.001). For Fit and High-Fit patients, the risk was 37% (HR=0.63; 95% CI: 0.54-0.73, p<0.001) and 51.0% lower (HR=0.49; 95% CI: 0.42-0.57, p<0.001), respectively. Conclusion: In this cohort, higher fitness levels reduced and delayed the risk of atrial fibrillation. The CRF-AF association was inverse, graded and independent of comorbidities.

Impact of Safety-Net Burden on In-Hospital Mortality and Hospitalization Costs Among Patients with Alcoholic Hepatitis and Alcoholic Cirrhosis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanah Ladhani ◽  
Grishma Hirode ◽  
Ashwani K Singal ◽  
Robert J Wong
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Hospital Mortality ◽  
Alcoholic Hepatitis ◽  
Alcoholic Cirrhosis ◽  
Safety Net ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hospitalization Costs ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Aims Alcoholic hepatitis (AH) and alcoholic cirrhosis disproportionately affect ethnic minority and safety-net populations. We evaluate the impact of a hospital’s safety net burden (SNB) on in-hospital mortality and costs among patients with AH and alcoholic cirrhosis. Methods We performed a cross-sectional analysis of 2012–2016 National Inpatient Sample. SNB was calculated as percentage of hospitalizations with Medicaid or uninsured payer status. Associations between hospital SNB and in-hospital mortality and costs were evaluated with adjusted multivariable logistic regression and linear regression models. Results Among 21,898 AH-related hospitalizations, compared to low SNB hospitals (LBH), patients hospitalized in high SNB hospitals (HBH) were younger (44.4 y vs. 47.4 y, P &lt; 0.001) and more likely to be African American (11.3% vs. 7.7%, P &lt; 0.001) or Hispanic (15.4% vs. 8.4%, P &lt; 0.001). AH-related hospitalizations in HBH had a non-significant trend towards higher odds of mortality (OR 1.27, 95% CI 0.98–1.65, P = 0.07) and higher mean hospitalizations costs. Among 108,669 alcoholic cirrhosis-related hospitalizations, patients in HBH were younger (53.3 y vs. 55.8 y, P &lt; 0.001) and more likely to be African American (8.2% vs. 7.3%, P &lt; 0.001) or Hispanic (24.4% vs. 12.0%, P &lt; 0.001) compared to LBH. Compared to alcoholic cirrhosis-related hospitalizations in LBH, mortality was higher among medium SNB (OR 1.10, 95% CI 1.03–1.17, P = 0.007) and HBH (OR 1.07, 95% CI 1.00–1.15, P = 0.05). Mean hospitalization costs were not different by SNB status. Conclusions HBH hospitals predominantly serve ethnic minorities and underinsured/uninsured populations. The higher in-hospital mortality associated HBH particularly for alcoholic cirrhosis patients is alarming given its increasing burden in the USA.

scholarly journals Internalized HIV-Related Stigma and Breast Health Beliefs Among African–American Women Receiving Care for HIV in the USA

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-51
Author(s):  
Katrin Fabian ◽  
Yamilé Molina ◽  
Christopher G. Kemp ◽  
Paul E. Nevin ◽  
Katryna McCoy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
African American Women ◽  
Health Beliefs ◽  
Breast Health ◽  
American Women ◽  
Related Stigma ◽  
The Usa

scholarly journals Endometriosis in African Women

2007 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 629-635 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cleophas M Kyama ◽  
Jason M Mwenda ◽  
James Machoki ◽  
Attila Mihalyi ◽  
Peter Simsa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
African American Women ◽  
Uterine Cavity ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Indigenous Women ◽  
African Women ◽  
Hospital Charges ◽  
Current View ◽  
American Women ◽  
The Usa

Endometriosis is a gynecological disorder characterized by the growth of endometrial tissue outside the uterine cavity. Although the prevalence of endometriosis is well documented in women living in developed countries, studies on the prevalence of this disease among African women are still wanting. The current view is that endometriosis rarely affects women of African descent. However, in African-American women in the USA, endometriosis is one of the common indications for major gynecological surgery and hysterectomy and is associated with a long hospitalization and high hospital charges. Endometriosis may be more commonly found in infertile Caucasian or African–American women than in African–Indigenous women, but it is likely that the true prevalence of endometriosis in African–Indigenous women is under reported owing to inadequate facilities and demands of specialized skills for adequate assessment of the pelvis and recognition of the various types and appearances of the disease. Understanding the prevalence of endometriosis among African women will be instrumental in proper management of this disease in the African continent.

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