Terrestrial ecosystem responses to climate changes in the Antarctic

2001 ◽  
pp. 17-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Convey
Keyword(s):  
Climate Changes ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystem ◽  
Ecosystem Responses ◽  
The Antarctic

Recent Rapid Climate Changes in Antarctic and their Influence on Low Diversity Ecosystems

2010 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna J. Chwedorzewska
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Variables ◽  
Climate Changes ◽  
Biological Significance ◽  
Global Changes ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Low Diversity ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
High Diversity ◽  
Temperature Water

ABSTRACTThe geographic position, astronomic factors (e.g. the Earth’s maximum distance from the Sun during winter), ice cover and altitude are the main factors affecting the climate of the Antarctic, which is the coldest place on Earth. Parts of Antarctica are facing the most rapid rates of anthropogenic climate change currently seen on the planet. Climate changes are occurring throughout Antarctica, affecting three major groups of environmental variables of considerable biological significance: temperature, water, UV-B radiation.Low diversity ecosystems are expected to be more vulnerable to global changes than high diversity ecosystems

scholarly journals Comment on “Mycorrhizal association as a primary control of the CO2 fertilization effect”

Science ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 355 (6323) ◽  
pp. 358.2-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Norby ◽  
M. G. De Kauwe ◽  
A. P. Walker ◽  
C. Werner ◽  
S. Zaehle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Availability ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystem ◽  
Mycorrhizal Symbiosis ◽  
Primary Control ◽  
Soil Nitrogen Availability ◽  
Ecosystem Responses ◽  
Mycorrhizal Association ◽  
Fertilization Effect ◽  
Enrichment Experiments

Terrer et al. (Reports, 1 July 2016, p. 72) used meta-analysis of carbon dioxide (CO2) enrichment experiments as evidence of an interaction between mycorrhizal symbiosis and soil nitrogen availability. We challenge their database and biomass as the response metric and, hence, their recommendation that incorporation of mycorrhizae in models will improve predictions of terrestrial ecosystem responses to increasing atmospheric CO2.

scholarly journals Signature of ice melt over the Greenland derived from MSMR (OCEANSAT-1) data

MAUSAM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 627-632
Author(s):  
N. SHARMA ◽  
M.K. DASH ◽  
N.K. VYAS ◽  
S.M. BHANDARI ◽  
P.C. PANDEY ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Sea Ice ◽  
Climate Changes ◽  
Ice Sheets ◽  
Polar Regions ◽  
Ice Melt ◽  
Continental Ice Sheets ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Concentration Levels

In order to monitor the impact of global warming phenomena over the Polar Regions, it is necessary to monitor snow/ice melt on the Greenland and the Antarctic ice sheets. Using MSMR data, it is possible to differentiate sea ice at different concentration levels. On the basis of microwave emissivities of continental ice and sea ice, useful information on the formation and melting of the ice can be derived. The paper discusses different strategies to derive a melt signal from the MSMR observations for the continental ice sheets in Greenland. The Polarization Difference (PD) for 21 GHz, available from MSMR data, is studied and an appropriate threshold is selected to detect the presence of melt signal. The results of the present study have bearing on climate changes.

scholarly journals Ground-based and satellite optical investigation of the atmosphere and surface of Antarctica

2018 ◽  
Vol 176 ◽  
pp. 10006
Author(s):  
Aleksey Malinka ◽  
Luc Blarel ◽  
Ludmila Chaikovskaya ◽  
Anatoli Chaikovsky ◽  
Natalia Denishchik-Nelubina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Snow Cover ◽  
Long Range ◽  
Climate Changes ◽  
Atmospheric Pollutants ◽  
Long Range Transport ◽  
Optical Investigation ◽  
Aerosol Cloud ◽  
Range Transport ◽  
The Antarctic

This presentation contains the results of the 10-year research of Belarusian Antarctic expeditions. The set of instruments consists of a lidar, an albedometer, and a scanning sky radiometer CIMEL. Besides, the data from satellite radiometer MODIS were used to characterize the snow cover. The works focus on the study of aerosol, cloud and snow characteristics in the Antarctic, and their links with the long range transport of atmospheric pollutants and climate changes.

scholarly journals The last deglaciation: timing the bipolar seesaw

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 671-683 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. B. Pedro ◽  
T. D. van Ommen ◽  
S. O. Rasmussen ◽  
V. I. Morgan ◽  
J. Chappellaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Changes ◽  
Ice Core ◽  
Time Lag ◽  
Last Deglaciation ◽  
Atmospheric Teleconnections ◽  
The Last Deglaciation ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
First Time ◽  
Coupling Mechanisms ◽  
Ice Core Records

Abstract. Precise information on the relative timing of north-south climate variations is a key to resolving questions concerning the mechanisms that force and couple climate changes between the hemispheres. We present a new composite record made from five well-resolved Antarctic ice core records that robustly represents the timing of regional Antarctic climate change during the last deglaciation. Using fast variations in global methane gas concentrations as time markers, the Antarctic composite is directly compared to Greenland ice core records, allowing a detailed mapping of the inter-hemispheric sequence of climate changes. Consistent with prior studies the synchronized records show that warming (and cooling) trends in Antarctica closely match cold (and warm) periods in Greenland on millennial timescales. For the first time, we also identify a sub-millennial component to the inter-hemispheric coupling. Within the Antarctic Cold Reversal the strongest Antarctic cooling occurs during the pronounced northern warmth of the Bølling. Warming then resumes in Antarctica, potentially as early as the Intra-Allerød Cold Period, but with dating uncertainty that could place it as late as the onset of the Younger Dryas stadial. There is little-to-no time lag between climate transitions in Greenland and opposing changes in Antarctica. Our results lend support to fast acting inter-hemispheric coupling mechanisms, including recently proposed bipolar atmospheric teleconnections and/or rapid bipolar ocean teleconnections.

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