Solanum tuberosum X S. andigena Hybrids and Their Importance in Potato Breeding

1973 ◽  
pp. 317-320
Author(s):  
Nelson Estrada Ramos
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Potato Breeding

scholarly journals The biosynthetic pathway of potato solanidanes diverged from that of spirosolanes due to evolution of a dioxygenase

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryota Akiyama ◽  
Bunta Watanabe ◽  
Masaru Nakayasu ◽  
Hyoung Jae Lee ◽  
Junpei Kato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum ◽  
Biosynthetic Pathway ◽  
Potato Breeding ◽  
Chemical Diversity ◽  
Evolutionary Divergence ◽  
Food Crop ◽  
Common Pathway ◽  
Structural Differences ◽  
Key Enzyme

AbstractPotato (Solanum tuberosum), a worldwide major food crop, produces the toxic, bitter tasting solanidane glycoalkaloids α-solanine and α-chaconine. Controlling levels of glycoalkaloids is an important focus on potato breeding. Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) contains a bitter spirosolane glycoalkaloid, α-tomatine. These glycoalkaloids are biosynthesized from cholesterol via a partly common pathway, although the mechanisms giving rise to the structural differences between solanidane and spirosolane remained elusive. Here we identify a 2-oxoglutarate dependent dioxygenase, designated as DPS (Dioxygenase for Potato Solanidane synthesis), that is a key enzyme for solanidane glycoalkaloid biosynthesis in potato. DPS catalyzes the ring-rearrangement from spirosolane to solanidane via C-16 hydroxylation. Evolutionary divergence of spirosolane-metabolizing dioxygenases contributes to the emergence of toxic solanidane glycoalkaloids in potato and the chemical diversity in Solanaceae.

scholarly journals Genome-Wide Association Mapping of Late Blight Tolerance Trait in Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fang Wang ◽  
Meiling Zou ◽  
Long Zhao ◽  
Zhiqiang Xia ◽  
Jian Wang
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Late Blight ◽  
Potato Breeding ◽  
Genome Wide Association Study ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Potato Cultivars ◽  
Genome Wide Association ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Population Structure Analysis ◽  
A Genome

Uncovering the genetic basis and optimizing the late blight tolerance trait in potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.) are crucial for potato breeding. Late blight disease is one of the most significant diseases hindering potato production. The traits of late blight tolerance were evaluated for 284 potato cultivars to identify loci significantly associated with the late blight tolerance trait. Of all, 37 and 15 were the most tolerant to disease, and 107 and 30 were the most susceptible. A total of 22,489 high-quality single-nucleotide polymorphisms and indels were identified in 284 potato cultivars. All the potato cultivars were clustered into eight subgroups using population structure analysis and principal component analysis, which were consistent with the results of the phylogenetic tree analysis. The average genetic diversity for all 284 potato cultivars was 0.216, and the differentiation index of each subgroup was 0.025–0.149. Genome-wide linkage disequilibrium (LD) analysis demonstrated that the average LD was about 0.9 kb. A genome-wide association study using a mixed linear model identified 964 loci significantly associated with the late blight tolerance trait. Fourteen candidate genes for late blight tolerance traits were identified, including genes encoding late blight tolerance protein, chitinase 1, cytosolic nucleotide-binding site–leucine-rich repeat tolerance protein, protein kinase, ethylene-responsive transcription factor, and other potential plant tolerance-related proteins. This study provides novel insights into the genetic architecture of late blight tolerance traits and will be helpful for late blight tolerance in potato breeding.

scholarly journals Carotenoid Profiles of Potato Breeding Lines and Selected Cultivars

HortScience ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 1173-1177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergey Nesterenko ◽  
Kenneth C. Sink
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Potato Breeding ◽  
Eye Diseases ◽  
Breeding Line ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Yellow Flesh ◽  
High Level ◽  
Β Carotene

Lutein and zeaxanthin are becoming established as carotenoids beneficial for protection against common age-associated eye diseases. Thus, 15 potato (Solanum tuberosum subsp. tuberosum L.) breeding lines, cultivars Atlantic, Spunta, and Yukon Gold; and orange flesh OR-4 were surveyed for carotenoid profiles. Seven carotenoids, including violaxanthin, neoaxanthin, antheraxanthin, lutein, zeaxanthin, β-cryptoaxanthin, and β-carotene, were identified in the 19 genotypes. Violaxanthin and lutein were the prominent carotenoids detected in all genotypes studied. Neoaxanthin and antheraxanthin were found in 26% and 63% of the genotypes, respectively. β-Cryptoaxanthin, zeaxanthin, and β-carotene were found in only 5%, 10%, and 16% of the genotypes, respectively. Lutein varied from 19.8 to 119.0 μg·100 g-1 fresh weight across the 15 white- or yellow-flesh breeding lines. In contrast, zeaxanthin was detected at a low level in only one breeding line and at high level in OR-4. The three cultivars had profiles typical of yellow-flesh potatoes `Spunta' and `Yukon Gold'; while `Atlantic' had a typical white-flesh profile and a trace of zeaxanthin. The carotenoid baseline data established in this study provide information for activities to enhance potato for lutein and zeaxanthin.

Modifications observées dans l'appareil reproducteur du cultivar Fanette de pomme de terre présentant une faible fertilité mâle

1994 ◽  
Vol 72 (12) ◽  
pp. 1858-1864
Author(s):  
A. Dobigny ◽  
R. Haicour ◽  
L. Rossignol
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Potato Breeding ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Regular Structure ◽  
Flower Structure ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Pomme De Terre ◽  
First Time

Flowering has been studied, in greenhouses, in two cultivars of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) from France, BF15 and Fanette, with a very different flower structure. The former has a regular structure, while the latter presents some variations in the number and structure of floral pieces, especially for the stamens. Stamen feminization, observed for the first time in potato and associated with low pollinic viability, could be related to the poor yield of the cultivar Fanette as a male parent in potato breeding programs. Key words: potato, flowering anomalies, sterility, feminization.

Genetic diversity analysis of a potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) collection including Chiloé Island landraces and a large panel of worldwide cultivars

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Esnault ◽  
J. Solano ◽  
M. R. Perretant ◽  
M. Hervé ◽  
A. Label ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Clustering Analysis ◽  
Gene Pool ◽  
Potato Breeding ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Model Based Clustering ◽  
Breeding Programmes ◽  
Association Mapping Approach ◽  
Simple Sequence

In order to investigate further the interest of using the Chilean gene pool in potato breeding programmes, the genetic diversity and population structure of a collection of Solanum tuberosum L. genotypes including 350 worldwide varieties or breeders' lines (referred to as the modern group) and 30 Chiloé Island landraces were examined using simple sequence repeat markers. The close genetic proximity of the Chiloé Island landraces to the modern group was confirmed using several structure analysis methods: principal coordinate analysis; hierarchical clustering analysis; analysis of molecular variance; Bayesian model-based clustering analysis. The latter analysis, in particular, revealed no clear genetic structure between the modern group and the Chiloé Island landraces. The Chiloé Island germplasm appears to represent an interesting gene pool that could be exploited in potato breeding programmes using an association mapping approach.

Synaptic mutants in potato, Solanum tuberosum L. I. Expression and identity of genes for desynapsis

Genome ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 664-670 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Jongedijk ◽  
M. S. Ramanna
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Potato Breeding ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
2N Gametes ◽  
Solanum Species ◽  
Potato Seed ◽  
True Potato Seed ◽  
Recessive Inheritance ◽  
Potential Value ◽  
Specific Influence

For tuber-bearing Solanum species, six monogenic recessive synaptic mutants, designated sy-1, sy-2, sy-3, sy-4, ds, and dsc have been reported in the literature. In the present investigation no indication for the existence of the mutant sy-1, affecting megasporogenesis only, was found. The mutant ds was confirmed to display typical desynaptic behaviour in microsporogenesis and shown to similarly affect megasporogenesis. It furthermore proved to be allelic to the mutants sy-3 and dsc. It is proposed that the mutants sy-3, ds, and dsc be uniformly designated ds-1, whereas the remaining mutants sy-2 and sy-4 (possibly identical) may be designated simply as synaptic mutant until their actual identity has been established. The observed F1 segregations generally support monogenic recessive inheritance of ds-1. However, in one cross progeny the expected mutant phenotype was not clearly expressed in contrast with its reciprocal, which might indicate cross-specific influence of the cytoplasm on ds-1 expression. The potential value and limitations of desynaptic (ds-1ds-1) mutants for potato breeding and true potato seed production are discussed.Key words: Solanum, (de)synaptic mutants, microsporogenesis, megasporogenesis, 2n gametes.

Situación económica y social de la población de San José del Carmen, San Cristóbal de las Casas, Chiapas

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Cadena-Iñiguez ◽  
Eileen Salinas-Cruz ◽  
Jesús Martínez-Sánchez ◽  
Mariano Morales-Guerra ◽  
Romualdo Vásquez-Ortiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Theobroma Cacao ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
San Jose ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Las Casas ◽  
Vicia Faba L ◽  
Las Mujeres ◽  
Theobroma Cacao L

Objetivo: Establecer una línea base como fundamento para la intervención e inducción de innovaciones a través de escuelas de campo y planes de negocios. Diseño/metodología/aproximación: El estudio se desarrolló en San José del Carmen, San Cristóbal de Las Casas, Chiapas, México. Se elaboró una encuesta como instrumento para recabar en campo información de familias de la localidad con la finalidad de conocer su situación actual. La localidad de trabajo se eligió utilizando como criterio las poblaciones que se encuentran dentro de Cruzada Nacional contra el hambre y en la clasificación de la pobreza extrema Resultados: La localidad de San José del Carmen es considerada como de alta marginación, la población es bilingüe, su principal lengua es el Tzotzil, el nivel de estudios promedio es hasta el tercer año de primaria, las principales actividades productivas son la siembra de maíz (Zea mays L.), frijol (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), papa (Solanum tuberosum L.) y haba (Vicia faba L.) que son utilizadas principalmente para autoconsumo.  No cuentan con agua potable ya que su sistema es a través de la recaudación de agua de lluvia o a través de un jagüey. Sus principales actividades económicas son la albañilería por parte de los hombres, y venta de productos, tales como el pozol (bebida energética a base de maíz y cacao (Theobroma cacao L.), tostadas y algunos vegetales por parte de las mujeres. Las tostadas son producidas en forma artesanal con un proceso de doble nixtamalización y vendida en bolsas de 20 tostadas cada una, a un costo de MX$10.00 en los mercados de San Cristóbal de las Casas, una a dos veces por semana alrededor de 40 bolsas por día de venta. Limitaciones del estudio/implicaciones: La afiliación zapatista de alguno de los pobladores y el hecho de que algunos habitantes no hablen español, fueron factores que limitaron desarrollar al 100% el estudio; sin embargo, se considera que se tienen los elementos necesarios para establecer la línea base de la situación de San José del Carmen. Conclusiones: El diagnóstico servirá como una herramienta para establecer una intervención a través de innovaciones y planes de negocios en la comunidad de estudio. Los pobladores cuentan con herramientas necesarias para obtener nuevos conocimientos que ayuden a un desarrollo de su producción. El idioma no deberá de ser una limitante para ello.

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