A Brief History of Pain Perception and Pain Tolerance in Aging

Useful analgesic plant products have been known since antiquity. In recent times, the cell and molecular basis of damage detection and its complex relationship to pain perception have been explored in detail. A range of technical advances have given us considerable new knowledge about both the peripheral aspects of pain pathways and damage transduction as well as central mechanisms of pain modulation. Electrophysiology, imaging, genetic manipulation of animal models of pain, the role of the immune system, and genetic studies of human pain states have all provided new information. Remarkably, despite these advances, we are still uncertain about the locus of pain perception, while the development of new small-molecule analgesic drugs has had almost no success. This article summarizes the history of pain research and discusses present activities together with potential future routes to pain treatment.

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The history of pain and hysteria

Neurorehabilitation ◽

10.1016/s1053-8135(96)00219-3 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 157-162 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

H Merskey

Keyword(s):

History Of ◽

History Of Pain

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Interactive Effects of Acute Suicidal Affective Disturbance and Pain Persistence on Suicide Attempt Frequency and Lethality

Crisis ◽

10.1027/0227-5910/a000588 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 40 (6) ◽

pp. 413-421 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Megan L. Rogers ◽

Thomas E. Joiner

Keyword(s):

Suicide Attempt ◽

Suicidal Behavior ◽

Pain Perception ◽

Suicide Attempts ◽

Pain Tolerance ◽

Self Report ◽

Interactive Effects ◽

Physical Pain ◽

Affective Disturbance ◽

The Relationship

Abstract. Background: Acute suicidal affective disturbance (ASAD) has been proposed as a suicide-specific entity that confers risk for imminent suicidal behavior. Preliminary evidence suggests that ASAD is associated with suicidal behavior beyond a number of factors; however, no study to date has examined potential moderating variables. Aims: The present study tested the hypotheses that physical pain persistence would moderate the relationship between ASAD and (1) lifetime suicide attempts and (2) attempt lethality. Method: Students ( N = 167) with a history of suicidality completed self-report measures assessing the lifetime worst-point ASAD episode and the presence of a lifetime suicide attempt, a clinical interview about attempt lethality, and a physical pain tolerance task. Results: Physical pain persistence was a significant moderator of the association between ASAD and lifetime suicide attempts ( B = 0.00001, SE = 0.000004, p = .032), such that the relationship between ASAD and suicide attempts strengthened at increasing levels of pain persistence. The interaction between ASAD and pain persistence in relation to attempt lethality was nonsignificant ( B = 0.000004, SE = 0.00001, p = .765). Limitations: This study included a cross-sectional/retrospective analysis of worst-point ASAD symptoms, current physical pain perception, and lifetime suicide attempts. Conclusion: ASAD may confer risk for suicidal behavior most strongly at higher levels of pain persistence, whereas ASAD and pain perception do not influence attempt lethality.

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Multiple subluxations and comminuted fracture of the cervical spine in a sheep

Tierärztliche Praxis Ausgabe G Großtiere / Nutztiere ◽

10.15653/tpg-140371 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 43 (01) ◽

pp. 44-38

Author(s):

C.-C. Lin ◽

K.-S. Chen ◽

Y.-L. Lin ◽

J. P.-W. Chan

Keyword(s):

Cervical Spine ◽

Pain Perception ◽

Cervical Vertebrae ◽

Traumatic Injury ◽

Spinal Reflexes ◽

Spine Trauma ◽

Blunt Force Trauma ◽

Comminuted Fracture ◽

History Of ◽

The Right

SummaryA 5-month-old, 13.5 kg, female Corriedale sheep was referred to the Veterinary Medicine Teaching Hospital, with a history of traumatic injury of the cervical spine followed by non-ambulatoric tetraparesis that occurred 2 weeks before being admitted to the hospital. At admission, malalignment of the cervical spine with the cranial part of the neck deviating to the right was noted. Neurological examinations identified the absence of postural reactions in both forelimbs, mildly decreased spinal reflexes, and normal reaction to pain perception tests. Radiography revealed malalignment of the cervical vertebrae with subluxations at C1–C2 and C2–C3, and a comminuted fracture of the caudal aspect of C2. The sheep was euthanized due to a presumed poor prognosis. Necropsy and histopathological findings confirmed injuries of the cervical spine from C1 to C3, which were consistent with the clinical finding of tetraparesis in this case. This paper presents a rare case of multiple subluxations of the cervical spine caused by blunt force trauma in a young sheep. These results highlight the importance of an astute clinical diagnosis for such an acute cervical spine trauma and the need for prompt surgical correction for similar cases in the future.

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Sacral plexus disorder caused by a wooden toothpick in the rectum

BMJ Case Reports ◽

10.1136/bcr-2020-238690 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. e238690

Author(s):

Takuro Endo ◽

Taku Sugawara ◽

Naoki Higashiyama

Keyword(s):

Lower Limb ◽

Spinal Nerve ◽

Leg Pain ◽

Sacral Plexus ◽

Lateral Recess ◽

Lateral Recess Stenosis ◽

Preoperative Ct ◽

History Of ◽

History Of Pain ◽

The Right

A 67-year-old man presented with a 2-month history of pain in his right buttock and lower limb. MRI depicted right L5/S1 lateral recess stenosis requiring surgical treatment; however, preoperative CT showed an approximately 7 cm long, thin, rod-shaped structure in the rectum, which was ultimately determined to be an accidentally ingested toothpick. It was removed surgically 6 days after diagnosis, because right leg pain worsened rapidly. The pain disappeared thereafter, and the symptoms have not recurred since. The pain might have been localised to the right buttock and posterior thigh in the early stages because the fine tip of the toothpick was positioned to the right of the anterior ramus of the S2 spinal nerve. Although sacral plexus disorder caused by a rectal foreign body is extremely rare, physicians should be mindful to avoid misdiagnosis.

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Preferred musical attribute dimensions underlie individual differences in music-induced analgesia

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-87943-z ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Krzysztof Basiński ◽

Agata Zdun-Ryżewska ◽

David M. Greenberg ◽

Mikołaj Majkowicz

Keyword(s):

Individual Differences ◽

Pain Perception ◽

Specific Effect ◽

Experimental Pain ◽

Pain Tolerance ◽

Order Effects ◽

Individual Preferences ◽

Pain Stimulation ◽

Musical Excerpts ◽

Average Pain

AbstractMusic-induced analgesia (MIA) is a phenomenon that describes a situation in which listening to music influences pain perception. The heterogeneity of music used in MIA studies leads to a problem of a specific effect for an unspecified stimulus. To address this, we use a previously established model of musical preferences that categorizes the multidimensional sonic space of music into three basic dimensions: arousal, valence and depth. Participants entered an experimental pain stimulation while listening to compilations of short musical excerpts characteristic of each of the three attribute dimensions. The results showed an effect on the part of music attribute preferences on average pain, maximal pain, and pain tolerance after controlling for musical attributes and order effects. This suggests that individual preferences for music attributes play a significant role in MIA and that, in clinical contexts, music should not be chosen arbitrarily but according to individual preferences.

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Pain, Culture and Pedagogy: A Preliminary Investigation of Attitudes Towards “Reasonable” Pain Tolerance in the Grassroots Reproduction of a Culture of Risk

Psychological Reports ◽

10.1177/0033294120988096 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 003329412098809

Author(s):

Paul K. Miller ◽

Sophie Van Der Zee ◽

David Elliott

Keyword(s):

Undergraduate Students ◽

Pain Perception ◽

Tertiary Education ◽

Preliminary Investigation ◽

Psychological Research ◽

Pain Tolerance ◽

Total N ◽

Sporting Culture ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Relationship

In recent years a considerable body of psychological research has explored the relationship between membership of socio-cultural groups and personal pain perception. Rather less systematic attention has, however, been accorded to how such group membership(s) might influence individual attitudes towards the pain of others. In this paper, immersion in the culture of competitive sport, widely regarded as being exaggeratedly tolerant of risky behaviours around pain, is taken as a case-in-point with students of Physical Education (PE) in tertiary education as the key focus. PE students are highly-immersed in competitive sporting culture both academically and (typically) practically, and also represent a key nexus of cross-generational transmission regarding the norms of sport itself. Their attitudes towards the pain that others should reasonably tolerate during a range of activities, sporting and otherwise, were evaluated through a direct comparison with those of peers much less immersed in competitive sporting culture. In total, N=301 (144 PE, 157 non-PE) undergraduate students in the UK responded to a vignette-based survey. Therein, all participants were required to rate the pain (on a standard 0-10 scale) at which a standardised “other” should desist engagement with a set of five defined sporting and non-sporting tasks, each with weak and strong task severities. Results indicated that PE students were significantly more likely to expect others to persevere through higher levels of pain than their non-PE peers, but only during the sport-related tasks – an effect further magnified when task severity was high. In other tasks, there was no significant difference between groups, or valence of the effect was actually reversed. It is argued that the findings underscore some extant knowledge about the relationship between acculturated attitudes to pain, while also having practical implications for understanding sport-based pedagogy, and its potentially problematic role in the ongoing reproduction of a “culture of risk.”

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History of Pain is Associated with Hospitalization and Severe Course of COVID-19 in Children with Sickle Cell Disease

Journal of Pain ◽

10.1016/j.jpain.2021.03.118 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (5) ◽

pp. 607-608

Author(s):

Lana Mucalo ◽

Amanda Brandow ◽

Mahua Dasgupta ◽

Sadie Mason ◽

Pippa Simpson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sickle Cell Disease ◽

Sickle Cell ◽

Cell Disease ◽

History Of ◽

History Of Pain

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Nutritional Assessment of the Handicapped Child

Pediatrics in Review ◽

10.1542/pir.11.4.109 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 109-115

Author(s):

William H. Dietz ◽

Linda Bandini

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Food Intake ◽

Case History ◽

Nutritional Assessment ◽

Pathologic Fracture ◽

Handicapped Child ◽

Great Effort ◽

Spastic Quadriplegia ◽

History Of ◽

History Of Pain

CASE HISTORY G.R. is a 7-year-old boy with spastic quadriplegia evident since birth and a seizure disorder for which he currently is being treated with phenobarbitol and phenytoin (diphenylhydantoin). His medical history includes a pathologic fracture of his right femur. At the time of his fracture, a radiograph of his femur was described as "markedly osteoporotic." He is currently being treated with 1200 IU of vitamin D. His diet as presented is balanced with respect to nutrients. Although spillage is not substantial, eating requires great effort, and each meal lasts approximately 1 hour. He is fed breakfast and supper at home by his mother and lunch in school. There is no history of pain with food intake, no vomiting, and no diarrhea. He weighs 14 kg (far below the 5th percentile), and his length is 112 (at the 5th percentile). His weight for height is far less than the 5th percentile. His mother is 157.5 cm (5 ft 2 in) tall and his father is 167.5 cm (5 ft 6 in) tall. His midarm circumference is 154 mm (less than the 5th percentile), his triceps skinfold is 5 mm (5th percentile), and his midarm muscle circumference is 138 mm (less than the 5th percentile).

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Giant retroperitoneal lipoma: a case report

Arquivos de Gastroenterologia ◽

10.1590/s0004-28032003000400010 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 40 (4) ◽

pp. 251-255 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Carlos Augusto Real Martinez ◽

Rogério Tadeu Palma ◽

Jaques Waisberg

Keyword(s):

Case Report ◽

Histological Study ◽

Abdominal Mass ◽

Benign Neoplasm ◽

Large Mass ◽

White Female ◽

Ascending Colon ◽

Abdominal Ultrasonography ◽

History Of ◽

History Of Pain

BACKGROUND: Retroperitoneal lipoma is an extremely rare neoplasm. AIMS: The authors report a case of giant retroperitoneal lipoma in a 32-year-old white female, with a history of pain and an abdominal mass over a 2-year period. Total abdominal ultrasonography and barium enema showed a large mass located in the retroperitoneal space behind the ascending colon. Laparotomy showed a large encapsulated tumor measuring 20 x 13 x 10 cm and weighing 3.400 g. The histological study revealed a benign neoplasm of fatty cells. CONCLUSION: The patient remains well 17 years after surgery, without recurrentce of the disease.

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