Reproductive Tract Infections in India: The Need for Comprehensive Reproductive Health Policy and Programs

1992 ◽  
pp. 317-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Usha K. Luthra ◽  
Suman Mehta ◽  
N. C. Bhargava ◽  
Prema Ramachandran ◽  
N. S. Murthy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Policy ◽  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Reproductive Tract Infections ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Reproductive Health Policy

scholarly journals Prevalence of Reproductive Tract Infections/Sexually Transmitted Infections among Rural Married Women – A Community Based Study Using Syndromic Approach

Healthline ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-81
Author(s):  
Anita Punia ◽  
Jyoti Yadav ◽  
Babita ◽  
Sanjay Kumar Jha ◽  
Sanjeet Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Reproductive Tract Infections ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Syndromic Approach ◽  
Tract Infections

Introduction: Reproductive Tract Infections (RTIs) and Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) continue to be a major public health problem and affecting women's health. Objectives: To estimate the prevalence of RTIs/STIs among married women aged 18-49 years in rural areas and to determine the factors associated with these conditions. Method: A community-based cross-sectional study was carried out among 308 eligible married women aged 18-49 years in rural areas in District Sonipat, Haryana using the WHO-Syndromic Approach for diagnosis of RTIs/STIs. Results: The mean age of study subjects in our study was 32.1 years (SD = ± 8.3 years) with a range from 18 to 49 years. The overall RTIs/STIs prevalence was 49.3%. The most frequent symptom was vaginal discharge (55.3%) followed by pain during micturition (34.2%), dyspareunia (26.9%), pain lower abdomen (24.3%) and vulval itching (16.4%). RTI/STI symptoms were found significantly more among women who had history of any chronic disease, who had irregular menstrual cycles, used cloths as sanitary pads and among those whose husbands were substance users. Conclusions: This study revealed a high prevalence (49.3%) of RTIs/STIs. Awareness about symptoms of RTIs, menstrual and personnel hygiene, raising literacy level of women, drive against use of addictive substances etc. by husbands is needed for control and prevention of RTIs. Primary health care services in respect of reproductive health should be strengthened and raising awareness among women about reproductive health issues through suitable communication strategies in order to bring about a positive behavior change for effective control of STIs.

scholarly journals Mental Wellbeing and Self-reported Symptoms of Reproductive Tract Infections among Girls

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 29-41
Author(s):  
Sushama A. Khopkar ◽  
Sangita Kulathinal ◽  
Suvi M. Virtanen ◽  
Minna Säävälä
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Mental Wellbeing ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Service Development ◽  
Western India ◽  
Reproductive Health Services ◽  
Reproductive Tract Infections ◽  
Tract Infections

This study examined the self-reported mental wellbeing among slum-dwelling adolescents in Western India and asked whether adolescent postmenarcheal girls’ mental wellbeing and self-reported symptoms suggestive of reproductive tract infections (RTIs) were associated. A sub-section of a cross-sectional personal interview survey among unmarried 10–18-year-old adolescents (n= 85) in a slum in the city of Nashik was analyzed. Logistic regression models were used to assess the associations between sociodemographic variables, physical health indicators, and adolescent postmenarcheal girls’ mental wellbeing. Nearly every other postmenarcheal girl reported having experienced symptoms suggestive of RTIs during the last twelve months. Adolescent postmenarcheal girls’ mental health and some aspects of somatic health appear to be closely interrelated. Understanding the relationship between adolescent mental wellbeing and reproductive health in low-income countries requires further investigation. Health service development in growing informal urban agglomerations in India and beyond should provide combined mental and reproductive health services for adolescents.  

scholarly journals Efektivitas Metode Jigsaw Dibandingkan Metode Make a Match dalam Pengetahuan Personal Hygiene Saat Menstruasi: Studi Literatur

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 843
Author(s):  
Ambo Sengngeng ◽  
Herinawati Herinawati ◽  
Vivin Dianty ◽  
Iksaruddin Iksaruddin
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Match Method ◽  
Reproductive Tract Infections ◽  
Research Journal ◽  
Reproductive Health Education ◽  
Jigsaw Method ◽  
Tract Infections

Adolescents have problems related to personal hygiene at puberty due to a lack of knowledge of explanations and health services. Poor personal hygiene habits and can lead to reproductive tract infections. This literature study is to analyze the effectiveness of the jigsaw method compared to the make a match method in the knowledge of personal hygiene on menstruation in young women. The search results obtained were 8 journals and articles which were considered to have the same objectives as the research title. As for the journal review before being given a jigsaw, after being given a jigsaw, before being given a make a match, after being given a make a match. The results of the review of the research journal stated that the second method was more effective, namely the make a match method compared to the jigsaw method, seen from the increased knowledge of adolescents after being given counseling on reproductive health, personal hygiene during menstruation, and increasing significantly on the assessment graph with a statistical value before being given a jigsaw value of 37, 4%, after being given a jigsaw the statistical value of 73.5%, before being given a make a match 73.8%, after being given a make a match the statistical value increased by 75.8%. Based on the review of journals, the make a match method is more effective with the result that the statistical value of 75.8% increases as seen from the increase in respondents' knowledge. In providing reproductive health education about personal hygiene during menstruation for adolescents, the make a match method can be used.

Sexual health promotion in Thailand

Sexual Health ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Verapol Chandeying
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Population Control ◽  
Unwanted Pregnancy ◽  
System Reform ◽  
Reproductive Health Services ◽  
Reproductive Tract Infections ◽  
Health Performance ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Mobile And Migrant Population

Sexuality and power are at the root of most sexual and reproductive health problems in Thailand, including reproductive tract infections, fertility and population control, unwanted pregnancy and abortion, unsafe abortion, unsafe motherhood and violence against women, as well as issues emerging from the mobile and migrant population, including the spreading of HIV/AIDS. In the past three decades, reproductive health services in Thailand have been established and strengthened. Since 1995, reproductive health has become a priority of the Ministry of Public Health. Health system reform in 2000 led to strategies and actions of health performance improvement. Ongoing multisectoral programmes include: (1) political and social involvement; (2) training for professionals; (3) multidimensional services; and (4) research.

scholarly journals Knowledge regarding reproductive health among women of reproductive age group in three sub-centre areas of a primary health center, Sarjapur, Bengaluru, Karnataka: a cross sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 4082
Author(s):  
Maria Jessy Jose ◽  
Farah Naaz Fathima ◽  
Sincy Treesa Joseph ◽  
Aneurin Cornelius Fernandez ◽  
Shanborlang Siangshai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Primary Health Center ◽  
Reproductive Tract Infections ◽  
Adequate Knowledge ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Reproductive Age Group

Background: Reproductive health plays a significant role in a woman’s life. Women of child bearing age group in developing countries suffer ill health due to lack of knowledge on reproductive health issues. The objective of the present study was to assess the knowledge regarding reproductive health among women and the associated socio-demographic factors.Methods: A total of 345 women of age group 15-44 years were recruited using cluster sampling in 15 clusters from among 28 villages under a Primary Health Center from May to July 2017. Data on sociodemographic details and knowledge of reproductive health under the following domains: menstruation, contraception, reproductive tract infections and marriage and pregnancy were collected using a modified interview schedule.Results: The mean age of the study population was 28.59±9.08 years. Majority of them belonged to age group 15-30 years (60%), attained school level education (55.7%), 45% were gainfully employed, married (65.5%) and from middle class (40.6%). It was found that out of 345 study population; only 19% had adequate knowledge on reproductive health. The proportion of women who had adequate knowledge in each domain was marriage and pregnancy (47.5%), menstruation (29.9%), contraception (17.4%) and least being reproductive tract infections (15%). Knowledge on reproductive health was significantly inadequate among women in the age group 31-44 years, illiterate women, who belongs to lower class and students. Only, socio-economic status and occupation were the significant predictors of knowledge.Conclusions: Knowledge regarding reproductive health was inadequate among women in reproductive age group in rural areas.

scholarly journals A study of reproductive morbidity of women in the Eastern Terai Region of Nepal

1970 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ganesh Dangal
Keyword(s):  
Pelvic Organ Prolapse ◽  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Pelvic Organ ◽  
Uterovaginal Prolapse ◽  
P Value ◽  
Menstrual Disorders ◽  
Reproductive Tract Infections ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Tract Infections

Aim: This study aims to fill the gap of information of reproductive health (RH) of women living in rural eastern Terai by providing baseline data on reproductive morbidity (RM) leading to pelvic organ prolapse (POP), reproductive tract infections (RTIs), menstrual problems and subfertility. Methods: This is a descriptive analysis of women who attended mobile RH camps in eastern Terai of Nepal organized at different villages falling in three districts namely Rautahat, Mahottari and Saptari during December 2005 and 2006. The diagnoses were made mostly on clinical evaluation and treatment provided. The leading reproductive morbidity of POP was dealt in detail and surgeries were performed in the district headquarters. The data were recorded and analysed manually. Analysis was done by standard statistical methods and a two tailed P value less than 0.05 was considered to indicate a significant difference. Results: Total number of women treated in the camps was 7750. Majority of the women in this study were found to be suffering from STI (30.1%), followed by POP (20.1%), menstrual disorders (16.7%) and subfertility (9.3%). Among POP patients majority received ring pessary insertion (43.8%) followed by counselling plus pelvic floor exercise (32.9%) and surgical correction (23.3%). Third-degree POP (38.6%) was commonest among all POP cases. Majority (60%) developed POP after first and second child birth. Conclusion: The major reproductive morbidity in this study was STI, POP (most of the women having thirddegree uterovaginal prolapse), menstrual disorders and sub-fertility. Surgical treatment at the camps could only be provided to small number, suggesting expansion of health services in rural Nepal by reproductive health barriers like poverty, education. Key words: menstrual disorders, pelvic organ prolapse, reproductive morbidity, reproductive tract infections, sub-fertility.   doi:10.3126/njog.v3i1.1436 NJOG 2008 May-June; 3(1): 29 - 34

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