Waste Biomass and Blended Bioresources in Biogas Production

This study is the first work that evaluated the effectiveness of unmodified (SD) and modified biochar with ammonium hydroxide (SD-NH2) derived from sawdust waste biomass as an additive for biogas production from red algae Pterocladia capillacea either individually or in combination with hematite α-Fe2O3 NPs. Brunauer, Emmett, and Teller, Fourier transform infrared, thermal gravimetric analysis, X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, Raman, and a particle size analyzer were used to characterize the generated biochars and the synthesized α-Fe2O3. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) measurements confirmed the formation of amino groups on the modified biochar surface. The kinetic research demonstrated that both the modified Gompertz and logistic function models fit the experimental data satisfactorily except for 150 SD-NH2 alone or in combination with α-Fe2O3 at a concentration of 10 mg/L. The data suggested that adding unmodified biochar at doses of 50 and 100 mg significantly increased biogas yield compared to untreated algae. The maximum biogas generation (219 mL/g VS) was obtained when 100 mg of unmodified biochar was mixed with 10 mg of α-Fe2O3 in the inoculum.

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Emerging trends and nanotechnology advances for sustainable biogas production from lignocellulosic waste biomass: A critical review

Fuel ◽

10.1016/j.fuel.2021.122928 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 312 ◽

pp. 122928

Author(s):

Muthusamy Govarthanan ◽

Sivasubramanian Manikandan ◽

Ramasamy Subbaiya ◽

Radhakrishnan Yedhu Krishnan ◽

Subramanian Srinivasan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Critical Review ◽

Biogas Production ◽

Waste Biomass ◽

Lignocellulosic Waste ◽

Emerging Trends

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The Use of Acidic Hydrolysates after Furfural Production from Sugar Waste Biomass as a Fermentation Medium in the Biotechnological Production of Hydrogen

Energies ◽

10.3390/en12173222 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (17) ◽

pp. 3222 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Cieciura-Włoch ◽

Binczarski ◽

Tomaszewska ◽

Borowski ◽

Domański ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hydrogen Production ◽

Sugar Beet ◽

Biogas Production ◽

Sugar Beet Pulp ◽

Energy Yield ◽

Waste Biomass ◽

Thermochemical Pretreatment ◽

Production Of Hydrogen ◽

Beet Pulp ◽

Furfural Production

This study investigates a simultaneous processing of sugar beet pulp (SBP) for furfural, hydrogen and methane production using various pretreatment methods. In the experiments, sugar beet pulp was first subjected to thermal and thermochemical pretreatment at 140 °C. Then hydrolysates from these operations were investigated for their potential for methane and hydrogen production in batch tests. The experiments showed that thermal pretreatment of SBP resulted in the highest biogas and methane yields of 945 dm3/kg volatile solids (VS) and 374 dm3 CH4/kg VS, respectively, and a moderate hydrogen production of 113 dm3 H2/kg VS, which corresponded to a calculated energy production of 142 kWh/t; however, only low amount of furfural was obtained (1.63 g/L). Conversely, the highest furfural yield of 12 g/L was achieved via thermochemical pretreatment of SBP; however, biogas production from hydrolysate was much lower (215 dm3/kg VS) and contained only 67 dm3/kg VS of hydrogen. Meanwhile, in the experiment with lower amounts of sulfuric acid (2%) used for pretreatment, a moderate furfural production of 4 g/L was achieved with as high as 220 dm3/kg VS of hydrogen and the corresponding energy yield of 75 kWh/t.

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Anaerobic digestion of waste biomass from the production of L-cystine in suspended-growth bioreactors

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.2015.224 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 72 (4) ◽

pp. 585-592

Author(s):

Juan José Chávez-Fuentes ◽

Miroslav Hutňan ◽

Igor Bodík ◽

Ronald Zakhar ◽

Marianna Czölderová

Keyword(s):

Hydrogen Sulfide ◽

Ferrous Iron ◽

Biogas Production ◽

Oxygen Demand ◽

Waste Biomass ◽

Organic Loading ◽

Inhibitory Effects ◽

Loading Rates ◽

Anaerobic Bioreactors ◽

Suspended Growth

Waste biomass from the industrial production of the amino acid L-cystine contains above-average concentrations of organic pollutants and significant concentrations of nitrogen and sulfur. The specific biogas production (SBP) of waste biomass was monitored in parallel suspended-growth laboratory anaerobic bioreactors. After severe inhibition was observed, three different procedures were applied to inhibited reactor sludge to counter-attack the inhibitory effects of sulfides, respectively hydrogen sulfide: micro-aeration, dilution with water and precipitation by ferrous iron cations. The performance of bioreactors was weekly monitored. Organic loading rates (as chemical oxygen demand, COD) ranged from 1.07 to 1.97 g L−1 d−1. At the end of the experimentation, SBP averaged 217, 300 and 320 l kg−1 COD with a methane content of 21%, 52% and 54%; specific sludge production averaged 133, 111 and 400 g total solids kg−1 COD, and inhibition was 49%, 27% and 25%; for the applied procedures of micro-aeration, dilution and precipitation respectively.

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ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF USE OF WASTE-FREE TECHNOLOGIES IN THE AGRO-INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX

"EСONOMY. FINANСES. MANAGEMENT: Topical issues of science and practical activity" ◽

10.37128/2411-4413-2020-4-13 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 186-206

Author(s):

Valeriia VOVK

Keyword(s):

Energy Balance ◽

Biogas Production ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Agricultural Waste ◽

Main Idea ◽

Economic Benefits ◽

Animal Waste ◽

Industrial Complex ◽

Waste Biomass ◽

Agricultural Enterprises

The article explores the economic essence of the concept of “waste-free technologies” and it was determined that the main idea of waste-free production is the conversion of residues of secondary raw materials and waste obtained in the production process into finished products, which is able to bring economic benefits to the enterprise. Has been analyzed the dynamics of the volume of generated and utilized agricultural waste in Ukraine in 2010-2019. And it was determined that no more than 30% of waste is disposed of, the share of which has been rapidly decreasing in recent years. It was noted that the agro-industrial complex is one of the material-intensive and high-waste sectors of the economy, which accounts for a significant part of greenhouse gas emissions - more than 12%. It is concluded that the introduction of waste-free production technologies in agricultural enterprises of Ukraine will not only reduce the amount of waste generated and their impact on the environment, but it is also a source of income by replenishing the energy balance of enterprises. Attention is paid to the most promising direction for the introduction of waste-free technologies at agricultural enterprises - the production of biogas from organic waste (biomass). It is noted that agricultural waste, mainly animal waste, such as manure, chicken droppings, can be an additional source of replenishing the energy balance of agricultural enterprises and ensuring the energy security of the region. Have been analyzed the volumes of animal waste generation in Ukraine and the potential for biogas production from manure in Ukraine in 2020. A sample of the 10 largest biogas plants in Ukraine was carried out and the further development of the bioenergy sector in 2050 in terms of biogas production was predicted. 6 main environmental effects from the introduction of biogas complexes in Ukraine were identified. The main directions of the European Green Deal are characterized and the key areas of harmonization of domestic legislation on waste management are given with European ones.

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Using of Ferrous Chloride in Anaerobic Digestion of a Substrate with High Sulphur Content

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.832.122 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 832 ◽

pp. 122-127

Author(s):

Miroslav Hutňan ◽

Juan José Chávez-Fuentes ◽

Marianna Czölderová

Keyword(s):

Biogas Production ◽

Organic Content ◽

Sulphur Content ◽

Waste Biomass ◽

Ferrous Chloride ◽

High Concentration ◽

Anaerobic Reactor ◽

Anaerobic Processes ◽

The Impact

Possibilities of anaerobic processing of substrates rich in sulphur were studied. High concentrations of sulphur cause problems when contained in biogas, as well as inhibition by sulphides in anaerobic processes. The impact of ferrous chloride on anaerobic processes, directly dosed to the anaerobic reactor was studied. This sulphur removal method is commonly known, though the objective of our study was to identify problems when it is applied on substrates rich in sulphur. Waste biomass from cystine production was used as substrate, which is produced in large quantities (17000 t/y) by Biotika, a.s. Slovenská Ľupča and requires processing; sulphur content range from 4 up to 5 % in the biomass. Specific biogas production was 0.410 m3/kg COD i.e. 0.737 m3/kg VSS, while 77 % sulphide inhibition occurred after several dose repetitions. Inhibition decreased to 25.4 % during long-term processing of cystine biomass in a mixed anaerobic reactor. Ferrous chloride dosing, however, resulted in high excess sludge generation, lower organic content in the sludge and high concentration of dissolved inorganic salts. These factors may lead to secondary problems in long-term processing of cystine biomass.

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Original Research Article Biogas Yield from Anaerobic Batch Co-Digestion of Rice Husk and Zebu Dung

Agricultura tropica et subtropica ◽

10.2478/ats-2013-0022 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 46 (4) ◽

pp. 118-122

Author(s):

Ondrej Cundr ◽

Dagmar Haladova

Keyword(s):

Rice Husk ◽

Biogas Production ◽

Lignin Content ◽

Methane Yield ◽

Original Research ◽

Waste Biomass ◽

Energy Potential ◽

Total Solids ◽

Biogas Yield ◽

Single Substrate

Abstract The main objective of this work was to test the suitability of rice husk waste biomass for anaerobic digestion and to examine the energy potential of the co-digestion of rice husk with zebu dung. Rice husk and zebu dung were studied under batch anaerobic conditions as separate wastes as well as mixed in various proportions. All experiments were carried out at 5% of total solids. The methane yield achieved by single substrate digestion of rice husk and zebu dung was 13.9 l and 44.58 l CH4/kg volatile solids (VS), respectively. The co-digestion of 50% total solids (TS) rice straw with 50% total solids zebu dung gave the result of 38.42 l CH4/kg VS. According to these results, the degradation and methane production potential of rice husk were not sufficient and it was found that this residue material is less suitable for single substrate digestion without additional pretreatment than for co-digestion. Even if co-digestion of rice husk with zebu dung improved the digestibility of rice husk and hence increased the biogas production, the methane yield was lower in comparison with the result for zebu dung, due to the high lignin content in rice husk. Nevertheless, the proof of digestibility of rice husk showed the possibility of rational exploitation of this waste material.

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Increasing the Biogas Potential of Rapeseed Straw Using Pulsed Electric Field Pre-Treatment

Energies ◽

10.3390/en14248307 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (24) ◽

pp. 8307

Author(s):

Dawid Szwarc ◽

Katarzyna Głowacka

Keyword(s):

Electric Field ◽

Lignocellulosic Biomass ◽

Biogas Production ◽

Agricultural Waste ◽

Control Sample ◽

Pulsed Electric Field ◽

Waste Biomass ◽

Methane Fermentation ◽

Rapeseed Straw ◽

Pre Treatment

Due to the high availability of lignocellulosic biomass, which can be obtained from terrestrial plants, agricultural waste biomass, and the agro-food, paper or wood industries, its use for energy production by methane fermentation is economically and environmentally justified. However, due to their complex structures, lignocellulosic substrates have a low conversion factor to biogas. Therefore, scientists are still working on the development of new methods of the pre-treatment of lignocellulosic materials that will increase the biogas productivity from lignocellulosic biomass. The presented research focuses on the use of a pulsed electric field (PEF) to disintegrate rapeseed straw prior to the methane fermentation process. Scanning electron microscopy observation showed that, in the disintegrated sample, the extent of damage to the plant tissue was more severe than in the control sample. In the sample disintegrated for 7 min, the chemical oxygen demand increased from 4146 ± 75 mg/L to 4920 ± 60 mg/L. The best result was achieved with a 5-min PEF pre-treatment. The methane production reached 290.8 ± 12.1 NmL CH4/g VS, and the biogas production was 478.0 ± 27.5 NmL/g VS; it was 14% and 15% higher, respectively, compared to the control sample.

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POSSIBILITIES TO USE FISH WASTE FOR ENERGY PRODUCTION

Proccedings of International Scientific Conference "RURAL DEVELOPMENT 2017" ◽

10.15544/rd.2017.073 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Virginija SKORUPSKAITĖ ◽

Eglė SENDŽIKIENĖ ◽

Milda GUMBYTĖ

Keyword(s):

Biogas Production ◽

Fish Farming ◽

Wastewater Sludge ◽

Biodiesel Production ◽

Molar Ratio ◽

Process Conditions ◽

Waste Biomass ◽

Fish Waste ◽

Biogas Yield ◽

Dead Fish

The secondary raw materials of fish can be used for various purposes in food industry, agriculture, etc. No less important way for usage of secondary raw fish, dead fish and fish farming sludge is the utilization of mentioned feedstocks for energy purposes, i.e. biofuels production. In this reearch, the possibilities of the consumption of dead fish and fish farming sludge for biodiesel and biogas production has been studied. The influence of the basic biodiesel production parameters, including the methanol to oil molar ratio, amount of catalyst, temperature and process duration on transesterification yield was determined. The guantitative and gualitative research of biogas production using different substrates such as fish waste, fish farming sludge and substrates composed of fish waste (de-oiled and non de-oiled biomass)+fish farming sludge and fish farming sludge+wastewater sludge was performed. The biodiesel yield higher than 96.5% could be achieved under the following process conditions: methanol/oil molar ratio – 4:1, amount of enzyme content – 7% from oil mass, temperature – 40 ° C, reaction time – 24 hours. The highest biogas yield (1224 ml/gVS) was determined using wet fish waste biomass and mixed substrates consisted of fish waste and fish farming sludge. The results of qualitative biogas research revealed, that biogas produced from both homogeneous and heterogeneous substrates contained more than 60% of methane. The highest calorific value (app. 70% of methane) had biogas gained from fish waste biomass.

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Laser Improves Biogas Production by Anaerobic Digestion of Cow Dung

Baghdad Science Journal ◽

10.21123/bsj.15.3.324-327 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 15 (3) ◽

pp. 324-327

Author(s):

Baghdad Science Journal

Keyword(s):

Hydrogen Sulfide ◽

Iron Powder ◽

Anaerobic Fermentation ◽

Biogas Production ◽

Laser Pulses ◽

Optimum Concentration ◽

Cow Dung ◽

Waste Biomass ◽

Ambient Temperatures ◽

Production Of Hydrogen

This study investigates the digestion of cow dung (CD) for biogas production at laboratory scales. The study was carried out through anaerobic fermentation using cow dung as substrate. The digester was operated at ambient temperatures of 39.5 °C for a period of 10 days. The effect of iron powder in controlling the production of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has been tested. The optimum concentration of iron powder was 4g/L with the highest biogas production. A Q – swatch Nd:YAG laser has been used to mix and homogenize the components of one of the six digesters and accelerate digestion. At the end of digestion, all digestions effluent was subjected to 5 laser pulses with 250mJ/pules to dispose waste biomass.

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