Energy Crop at Heavy Metal-Contaminated Arable Land as an Alternative for Food and Feed Production: Biomass Quantity and Quality

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Pogrzeba ◽  
Jacek Krzyżak ◽  
Szymon Rusinowski ◽  
Jon Paul McCalmont ◽  
Elaine Jensen
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Energy Crop ◽  
Feed Production ◽  
Food And Feed

scholarly journals Changes in land use for production of energy crops in Poland

2017 ◽  
Vol 104 (4) ◽  
pp. 37-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ludwik Wicki
Keyword(s):  
Food Production ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Energy Crops ◽  
Feed Production ◽  
Direct Competition ◽  
Food And Feed ◽  
Materials Used

The goal of the article is to evaluate whether production of modern biofuels in Poland competes with food production. CSO and AMA data have been used in the analysis. The data in question refers to the area of arable land in Poland, yields and livestock as well as renewable energy production structure and quantity and production of biodiesel, bioethanol and agricultural biogas. Data concerning quantity of raw materials used for production of the agricultural biogas have been accessed from AMA . Data for 2005-2016 have been collected. Production of bioenergy based on agricultural raw materials has significantly increased. From 2005 to 2016, it increased from 5 to 42 TJ . Approximately 92% of bioenergy from agricultural sources are bioethanol and biodiesel produced from the first generation of raw materials, the production of which is in direct competition with food production. The share of biogas was 8% only. Waste constituted 75% in the raw materials used to produce biogas. The area of production of energy crops has reached 5.6% of arable land in 2016 from 1.5% in 2005. It means that in Poland production of bioenergy from agricultural sources competes with food and feed production and its further increase is not desirable. Actions focused on the increased use of the second generation raw materials for energy production and decreased use of food raw materials should be taken.

scholarly journals Valorization of outer tunic of the marine filter feeder Ciona intestinalis towards the production of second-generation biofuel and prebiotic oligosaccharides

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kateřina Hrůzová ◽  
Leonidas Matsakas ◽  
Anthi Karnaouri ◽  
Fredrik Norén ◽  
Ulrika Rova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arable Land ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Ciona Intestinalis ◽  
Fish Feed ◽  
Filter Feeder ◽  
Solid Ratio ◽  
Theoretical Yield ◽  
Feed Production ◽  
Food And Feed ◽  
Prebiotic Oligosaccharides

Abstract Background One of the sustainable development goals focuses on the biomass-based production as a replacement for fossil-based commodities. A novel feedstock with vast potentials is tunicate biomass, which can be pretreated and fermented in a similar way to lignocellulose. Ciona intestinalis is a marine filter feeder that is cultivated to produce fish feed. While the inner tissue body is used for feed production, the surrounding tunic remains as a cellulose-rich by-product, which can be further separated into outer and inner tunic. Ethanol production from organosolv-pretreated whole-tunic biomass was recently validated. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the potential of organosolv pretreated outer-tunic biomass for the production of biofuels and cellobiose that is a disaccharide with prebiotic potential. Results As a result, 41.4 g/L of ethanol by Saccharomyces cerevisiae, corresponding to a 90.2% theoretical yield, was achieved under the optimal conditions when the tunicate biomass was pretreated at 195 °C for 60 min at a liquid-to-solid ratio of 50. In addition, cellobiose production by enzymatic hydrolysis of the pretreated tunicate biomass was demonstrated with a maximum conversion yield of 49.7 wt. %. Conclusions The utilisation of tunicate biomass offers an eco-friendly and sustainable alternative for value-added biofuels and chemicals. The cultivation of tunicate biomass in shallow coastal sea improves the quality of the water and ensures sustainable production of fish feed. Moreover, there is no competition for arable land, which leaves the latter available for food and feed production.

scholarly journals Solar-Powered Carbon Fixation for Food and Feed Production Using Microorganisms—A Comparative Techno-Economic Analysis

ACS Omega ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (51) ◽  
pp. 33242-33252
Author(s):  
Marja Nappa ◽  
Michael Lienemann ◽  
Camilla Tossi ◽  
Peter Blomberg ◽  
Jussi Jäntti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Carbon Fixation ◽  
Feed Production ◽  
Food And Feed ◽  
Solar Powered

scholarly journals Phytoremediation of Special Metals in Emerging Industries

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
T Y TEH ◽  
Min-Hao Wu ◽  
Kf Chen ◽  
Yp Peng
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
Energy Crop ◽  
Emerging Industries ◽  
Incremental Growth ◽  
Conventional Methods

This project is carried out to assess the remediation effect on soil contaminated by molybdenum (Mo), one of heavy metals, through the use of an energy crop, sunflowers. This project explores the integration of phytohormones and chelates in the phytoremediation of soils contaminated by heavy metals, and further assesses the operational measures of remedying heavy-metal contaminated soil with sunflowers, in addition to the related environmental factors. Then the project explores phytohormones and heavy metals on the growth scenario explants (explants morphological analysis) through the experiment. The results indicate that GA3 can increase the growth rate of the plants. The average incremental growth of the heavy-metal-added-only group is 21.0 cm; of the GA3-added group it is 21.9 cm; of the EDDS-added group, it is 20.3 cm; of the GA3+ EDDS-added group, it is 21.7 cm. Compared with the conventional methods of phytoremediation, these integrated measures can actually spur the growth of plants. 

scholarly journals Regional food and feed self-sufficiency related to climate change and animal density – a case study from the Czech Republic

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (No. 5) ◽  
pp. 244-252
Author(s):  
Josef Pulkrábek ◽  
Lukáš Pacek ◽  
Jaroslav Čítek ◽  
Roman Stupka ◽  
Kateřina Pračke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Climate Impacts ◽  
Biomass Energy ◽  
Baseline Scenario ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Yield Decline ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
Food And Feed

A new food and feed self-sufficiency model for the Czech Republic (RESTEP) was applied for the evaluation of possible adverse climate impacts uniformly reducing crop production by 5, 10, 20, and 30%. The situation was simulated for the whole country and four different agriculturally important regions. Biomass production modeling confirmed that for the whole country, the food self-sufficiency is secured up to 20% of yield decline for most crops, but even 5% yield decline of silage maize would lead to its shortage in animal feeding. On the other hand, regional results vary significantly. Regions Jižní Morava and Střední Čechy shown oversupply of feedstuff allowing them to cover the demands of cattle and pigs up to 20% or 30% decline of yield, respectively. The opposite model represents the Vysočina (VY) region which is not able to cover the demands from own sources even at the baseline scenario. The acreage extension of maize is not possible due to erosion risk restrictions at 25% of arable land at VY. The possible solution consists of extension acreage of alfalfa and clover or finding other plants sufficient for feeding as well for biogas facilities in regions rich in biomass energy consumers.

Ethical aspects of insect production for food and feed

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Gjerris ◽  
C. Gamborg ◽  
H. Röcklinsberg
Keyword(s):  
High Pressures ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Ethical Aspects ◽  
Production Methods ◽  
Human Food ◽  
Feed Production ◽  
Food And Feed ◽  
The Impact

Given a growing global human population and high pressures on resources, interest in insects as a source of protein for human food (entomophagy) and for animal feed is growing. So far, the main issues discussed have been the embedded technical challenges of scaling up the production. The use of insects as a major human food and feed source is thought to present two major challenges: (1) how to turn insects into safe, tasty socially acceptable feed and food; and (2) how to cheaply yet sustainably produce enough insects? Entomophagy, however, as any utilisation of animals and the rest of nature also entails ethical issues – both regarding the impact on human health, the environment and climate change and regarding production methods such as intensification and biotechnology. The aim of the paper is to give a systematic overview of ethical aspects embedded in the notion of utilising insects as protein providers in the Western food and feed production chains. We identify five areas where ethical questions are especially pertinent: environmental impact, human and animal health, human preferences and social acceptability, animal welfare and finally broader animal ethics issues. Especially the latter two are more scantly dealt with in the literature. This part of the review will therefore contain suggestions for ethical issues that should be examined closer.

GM technology: a tool to benefit livestock production in less developed and developed countries

2003 ◽  
Vol 2003 ◽  
pp. 210-211
Author(s):  
A. Cockburn ◽  
R.H. Phipps
Keyword(s):  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
World Population ◽  
Feed Production ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Cereal Grain ◽  
Food And Feed ◽  
Livestock Products ◽  
Fertiliser Use ◽  
Gm Technology

The combined effects of improved varieties, increased fertiliser use and irrigation coupled with increased pesticide use was instrumental in allowing world food production to double in the last 35 years. However, as we enter the 21st century world population is set to increase by a further 1.5 billion by 2020, with the rate of increase being higher in less developed than developed countries. At the same time the rate crop improvement is slowing. In addition the area of land available/appropriate for the production of food and feed resources are at best static and at worst decreasing, often due to wind and water erosion. It has also been estimated that the demand for livestock products will increase dramatically in the next 20 years, with the increase being markedly higher in developing countries (3% per year), where much of the increased demand will be generated from an increasing urban population, than developed countries (1% per year). This projected increase in demand for livestock products will require very significant increased production of cereal grain and sources of oilseeds in a manner ensuring safety for the public and the environment. It will be a major challenge for global food and feed production to decrease the environmental impact of agriculture while maintaining or improving its productivity and sustainability. This paper will discuss how GM technology can contribute a way forward with the aim of combining higher yields, improved food and feed quality, increased competitiveness with environmentally and agriculturally sustainable practices.

scholarly journals ASSESSING AND ADDRESSING CLIMATE-INDUCED RISK IN SUB-SAHARAN RAINFED AGRICULTURE

2011 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. M. COOPER ◽  
R. COE
Keyword(s):  
World Bank ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Poverty Traps ◽  
Rainfed Agriculture ◽  
Political Will ◽  
Feed Production ◽  
Food And Feed ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
To Come ◽  
State Of Affairs

Rainfed agriculture in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is the mainstay of the continent's food and feed production. Nearly 90% of staple food and feed production comes from, and will continue to come from, rainfed agriculture (Rosegrant et al., 2002). In spite of this, investment in this vital production system, and hence its productivity, has stagnated. There are many complex and interrelated issues that contribute to this state of affairs. The outcomes of lack of investment and low production of rainfed agriculture reinforce each other leading to poverty traps and increased vulnerability of livelihoods to climatic and other shocks (World Bank, 2000). This has become well recognized and an emerging political will, both within and outside SSA, to support increased investment in rainfed agriculture appears to be gaining momentum (Sanchez et al, 2009).

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document