Teaching Quality of Life and Well-Being in Public Health

Author(s):  
Chelsea Wesner ◽  
Diana Feldhacker ◽  
Whitney Lucas Molitor
2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert M. Kaplan ◽  
Ron D. Hays

Patient-reported outcomes are recognized as essential for the evaluation of medical and public health interventions. Over the last 50 years, health-related quality of life (HRQoL) research has grown exponentially from 0 to more than 17,000 papers published annually. We provide an overview of generic HRQoL measures used widely in epidemiological studies, health services research, population studies, and randomized clinical trials [e.g., Medical Outcomes Study SF-36 and the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS®)-29]. In addition, we review methods used for economic analysis and calculation of the quality-adjusted life year (QALY). These include the EQ-5D, the Health Utilities Index (HUI), the self-administered Quality of Well-being Scale (QWB-SA), and the Health and Activities Limitation Index (HALex). Furthermore, we consider hybrid measures such as the SF-6D and the PROMIS-Preference (PROPr). The plethora of HRQoL measures has impeded cumulative science because incomparable measures have been used in different studies. Linking among different measures and consensus on standard HRQoL measurement should now be prioritized. In addition, enabling widespread access to common measures is necessary to accelerate future progress. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Public Health, Volume 43 is April 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.


2017 ◽  
pp. 1415-1429
Author(s):  
Michelle Lee D'Abundo ◽  
Stephen L. Firsing III ◽  
Cara Lynn Sidman

Education and health are among the most salient issues facing Americans today. The field of public health has moved away from a physical health medical model to a more well-being focused quality-of-life perspective. K-20 curriculums in the United States need to reflect this ideological shift. In this chapter, content-focused curriculums with process-focused health behavior change-oriented learning are proposed as a strategy to promote well-being. Other issues that need to be addressed in the current education system are that the delivery of health-related curriculums is often inconsistent and taught by untrained personnel. Well-being-focused curriculums delivered online can provide consistency to improve the quality of health courses. This innovative approach has the potential to improve educational and health outcomes for K-20 curriculums while addressing public health issues by promoting well-being and quality-of-life for children and adults throughout the United States.


2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 76-80
Author(s):  
Mabel Navarrete Valdebenito

An occupational view of public health takes care of the lifestyles of specific groups of people and how they influence their health and quality of life. Adolescents are positioning themselves as a group with their own needs from all areas of health, betting that the well-being of young people is an investment for the near future. Little is known about the nature of adolescents' occupational choices and how routines and lifestyles are installed. The challenges of this stage of life condition participation in occupations, to such a level that, from becoming involved in them, the interests and roles of adolescents are defined. The level of importance they attach to their activities would define their occupational routine based on the preferences of some activities over others. This research aims to define the differences in the level of importance that Chilean adolescents give to their occupations according to their gender. This study is quantitative in descriptive design. 109 Chilean adolescents who defined their daily occupations and the level of importance for each of them were evaluated. The Mann Whitney U test that compares two non-parametric samples was used. Regarding the results of this study, there are significant differences in the Play, especially in the play with friends, being the male adolescents those who give a higher level of importance to this type of play than their female peers. No significant differences were found by gender in Social Participation and Leisure activities, therefore, it could be said that adolescent men and women give the same level of importance to these occupations.


2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Jevtic ◽  
I Flasar ◽  
M Mojovic

Abstract Issue/Description Reflective Citizens (RC) as ’psycho-social transitional spaces’ - were established in 2005, when Serbia joined the International Listening Posts (LP) Network of OPUS (Organization for Promoting Understanding of Society). Recognizing the need for more reflective citizens’ spaces, for continuously ongoing work through social trauma, Psycho-Social section (PSS - GAS Belgrade) began organizing them more often and in different cities. Serbian RC developed specific conceptualization and methodology, carefully integrating aspects of LP, group analysis, group’s relations, and social dreaming, which are still in the process of evaluation and improvement. Results RC in Novi Sad have started in 2014, with a huge enthusiasm, as a team work of PSS. It is recognized that Novi Sad, as a multinational and specific multicultural environment could develop Applied Reflective Citizens - Citizens’ dialogue in cultural spaces in Novi Sad, as supportive and open space for all citizens who wish to develop themselves, multiculturalism, tolerance and better social environment. At the seven workshops organized by now, the beginning was marked by a session of social dreaming. Free psychosocial associations in thinkrooms have defined the topics: loneliness, helplessness, walls and borders, migrations, diversity, mental malnutrition, the presence of evil and the need for goodness, lack of communication... and on the basis of them, the corresponding hypotheses. Lessons Applied Reflective Citizens have become the support and open space for all citizens who want to contribute to multiculturalism, tolerance, a better social environment, understanding the environment and building incentive bridges in communication through dialogue and also to contribute to a positive cultural climate, building cultural capacities and fostering cultural dialogue through mutual reflection, thus contributing the quality of life, which is of public health significance. Key messages Reflective Citizens can be a contribution for improving health in community through fostering dialogue and mutual reflection. Reflective Citizens give an open space for all citizens who want to contribute to multiculturalism, tolerance, better social environment, thus contributing quality of life, and to public health, also.


2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S605-S606
Author(s):  
Renee J Flores

Abstract Despite benefits to overall health and well-being, healthcare professionals’ knowledge and research is limited in regards to older women’s sexuality and intimacy desires. There are barriers that impede fulfilling these desires and lack of understanding hinders ways to address this issue, which negatively affects the well-being of older women. A sexuality and intimacy survey of 29 women between the ages of 60-86 revealed that the majority were having sex at least once a month and expressed the desire to increase the frequency of sexual encounters. These data suggests that later-life sexuality and intimacy encounters are important for some women. Recognizing these desires could prompt responses that could greatly influence the quality of life in older women. A broader public health discussion needs to occur in order to promote awareness and optimize overall well-being.


BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. e048012
Author(s):  
Brian J Hall ◽  
Peizhen Zhao ◽  
Ming Zhou Xiong ◽  
Carl Latkin ◽  
Bin Yang ◽  
...  

ObjectivesThe COVID-19 pandemic has overwhelmed health systems globally. With the increase of global migration, quantifying the health needs and key correlates of these outcomes is a global health priority. This study assessed migration characteristics, COVID-19 attitudes and the postmigration social environment as key correlates of depression, quality of life and alcohol misuse among international migrants in China.DesignA nationwide cross-sectional online survey was conducted from 17 February and 1 March 2020.SettingLinks to the online survey were disseminated by migrant-focused community-based organisations through WeChat.ParticipantsEnglish speaking international migrants who met the inclusion criteria. Inclusion criteria were being born in a country outside of China, aged 18 years or over, cumulatively living in China for 1 month or more and staying in China between December 2019 and February 2020.Outcome measuresDepression, quality of life and alcohol misuse.ResultsRegression models indicated that planning or considering leaving China due to COVID-19, lacking the confidence to protect themselves and not being confident that the epidemic would end soon was associated with greater depression, lower quality of life and greater levels of alcohol misuse. Worry about contracting COVID-19 and feeling helpless to prevent infection were associated with greater depression and lower quality of life. General perceived social support, and trust in Chinese people, institutions and systems were protective factors for depression and associated with higher reported quality of life.ConclusionsThis study identifies key correlates that, if adequately addressed through public health outreach, may safeguard migrant well-being during a public health emergency. Trust in people and systems within the postmigration environment is an important consideration for future public health planning efforts.


PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. e0242129
Author(s):  
André Moser ◽  
Maria Carlander ◽  
Simon Wieser ◽  
Oliver Hämmig ◽  
Milo A. Puhan ◽  
...  

Background The COVID-19 pandemic challenges societies in unknown ways, and individuals experience a substantial change in their daily lives and activities. Our study aims to describe these changes using population-based self-reported data about social and health behavior in a random sample of the Swiss population during the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of the present article is two-fold: First, we want to describe the study methodology. Second, we want to report participant characteristics and study findings of the first survey wave to provide some baseline results for our study. Methods Our study design is a longitudinal online panel of a random sample of the Swiss population. We measure outcome indicators covering general well-being, physical and mental health, social support, healthcare use and working state over multiple survey waves. Results From 8,174 contacted individuals, 2,026 individuals participated in the first survey wave which corresponds to a response rate of 24.8%. Most survey participants reported a good to very good general life satisfaction (93.3%). 41.4% of the participants reported a worsened quality of life compared to before the COVID-19 emergency and 9.8% feelings of loneliness. Discussion The COVID-19 Social Monitor is a population-based online survey which informs the public, health authorities, and the scientific community about relevant aspects and potential changes in social and health behavior during the COVID-19 emergency and beyond. Future research will follow up on the described study population focusing on COVID-19 relevant topics such as subgroup differences in the impact of the pandemic on well-being and quality of life or different dynamics of perceived psychological distress.


2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 172-178
Author(s):  
Cruz García Lirios ◽  
◽  
Jorge Hernández Valdés ◽  
Margarita Juárez Nájera ◽  
◽  
...  

Meta-analytic studies are distinguished by comparing literature that reports positive effects with respect to literature that warns of spurious or negative effects. The aim of the present work was to establish the proportion of probabilities between categories and subcategories extracted from the consulted, updated and specialized literature. A documentary study was carried out with a selection of sources indexed to international repositories such as Copernicus, Dialnet, Ebsco, Latindex, Redalyc, Scielo. An indistinct scenario was found, even though the literature that reports positive effects on the quality of life and the subjective well-being of public health services prevails; suggesting the extension of the work to repositories like WOS and Scopus.


2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  

Abstract The goal of this workshop is to bring health tourism (HT) to the public health perspective, raise awareness for viable HT in the context of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG), while introducing the “European Charter for Sustainable Health Tourism”! Mobility and the EU open market, have incremented a new trend in the European global economy, based in HT. In 2017 of the general tourism in the EU28, 5% was due to HT. It is expected that this share will increase in the near future. The concept of HT needs to be refurbished since it does not represent only medical tourism (that is the object of an increasing set of regulations among member states) but it includes also wellbeing and wellness (e.g with spa and quality of life tourism) that is not scrutinized by treaties, international or even national regulatory agencies. Citizens, therefore, play a major role in the marked demand of HT, either by being active actors in the procurement of services or commodities (Prosumers), or by being passive consumers (Passumers) of a strategic market not always aligned with well-being and quality of life. Therefore, the need for a “European Charter for Sustainable Health Tourism” is a set of references to increase health literacy about HT and its real impact in public health. Moreover, the aim of this workshop is to study opportunities, offer examples and discuss on how to develop, evolve and improve health promotion practices by actions taken at the HT setting. First we want to invite the audience to discuss HT from the salutogenesis perspective; In a second moment an interregional point of view of the Silver Economy will frame the conceptual framework on HT; a third presentation will look at a particular case of HT and public health and the added value of multilateralism; from here the participants will be invited to consider the particular case of Health and Wellness tourism in Sicily; the final presenters will look at HT in the perspective of the Reference Sites Collaborative Network. This workshop will use interactive methodologies of participation so that the audience will be actively involved in the discussion and wants to offer a forum for public health researchers, practitioners and policy-makers interested in HT and methodological insights and will allow discussing results, facilitate exchange, and support further synergies between countries. Key messages The goal of this workshop is to raise awareness for sustainable health tourism in the context of the SDG, by proposing the adoption of the first “European Charter for Sustainable Health Tourism”. Explore how in European Countries (study cases) health tourism answers health promotion principles for a more sustainable society.


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