Priority Estimation Model for Renewable Oils in Biodiesel Production

2020 ◽  
pp. 63-79
Author(s):  
Lutfu S. Sua ◽  
Figen Balo
Keyword(s):  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Estimation Model

Biodiesel production from non-edible oils: A review

2020 ◽  
pp. 149-159
Author(s):  
Jatinder Kataria ◽  
Saroj Kumar Mohapatra ◽  
Amit Pal
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Edible Oils ◽  
Control Measure ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Pollution Level ◽  
Animal Fats ◽  
The World

The limited fossil reserves, spiraling price and environmental impact due to usage of fossil fuels leads the world wide researchers’ interest in using alternative renewable and environment safe fuels that can meet the energy demand. Biodiesel is an emerging renewable alternative fuel to conventional diesel which can be produced from both edible and non-edible oils, animal fats, algae etc. The society is in dire need of using renewable fuels as an immediate control measure to mitigate the pollution level. In this work an attempt is made to review the requisite and access the capability of the biodiesel in improving the environmental degradation.

PENGARUH PELARUT KLOROFORM DALAM PEMURNIAN GLISEROL DENGAN PROSES ASIDIFIKASI ASAM KLORIDA

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 38-43
Author(s):  
Windi Monica Surbakti ◽  
Gerson Rico M.H ◽  
Mersi Suriani Sinaga
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Glycerol Concentration ◽  
Purification Process ◽  
Soap Content ◽  
Test Volume ◽  
Base Content ◽  
Water Salt

Glycerol as a byproduct of biodiesel production was approximately formed 10% of the biodiesel weight. Impurities which contained in the glycerol such as catalyst, soap, methanol, water, salt, and matter organic non glycerol (MONG) have a significant effect on the glycerol concentration. So, it is necessary to treat the impurities. The purpose of this study is to know the effect of chloroform to glycerol purification process with acidification method using hydrochloric acid as pretreatment process. This research was begun with acid addition to the glycerol to neutralize the base content and to split the soap content into free fatty acid and salt, that are more easily separated from glycerol. Then the process was continued with extraction by the solvent chloroform using the variable of test volume ratio (v/v) (1:1, 1:1.5, 1:2)  and the extraction time (20, 40, and 60 minutes). The results showed that the more volume of solvent used, gave less extraction time to produce high purity of glycerol. The highest purity produced in this study amounted to 90,9082% is obtained at the ratio of the volume solvent (v/v) 1:1 with extraction time 60 minutes.

Biodiesel Production from Microalgae

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Mohammadi ◽  
M. Azizollahi-Aliabadi
Keyword(s):  
Biodiesel Production

Face-aware Saliency Estimation Model for 360° Images

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pramit Mazumdar ◽  
Giuliano Arru ◽  
Marco Carli ◽  
Federica Battisti
Keyword(s):  
Estimation Model

FAKTOR FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PRODUK DOMESTIK BRUTO NEGARA-NEGARA ASEAN PERIODE 2005-2014

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-29
Author(s):  
Leorista Milliardo
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Analytical Tool ◽  
Panel Regression ◽  
Estimation Model ◽  
Process Data ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Asean Member ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
Asean Countries

This study was conducted with the aim of identifying the factors affecting economic growth in ASEAN member countries during the period of 2005 - 2014, with the countries sampled in this study were six countries namely Indonesia, Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand, Philippines, Vietnam, Cambodia and Laos. The method of analysis used is the method of Data Panel Regression and Fixed Efect estimation model by using analytical tool to help process data is Eviews 7 program. While data used is panel data from eight ASEAN countries covering 10 year periods. The result of analysis shows that the acceptance of International Tourism Sector and Foreign Direct Investment has positive and significantinfluenceto the economic growth in eight ASEAN countries while the Labor Force is inconclusive. The study also found that Export of Goods and Services had a negative and significanteffect on economic growth.

Estimating nitrogen contents of apple leaves based on hyperspectral parameter models at different phenophases

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 942-952
Author(s):  
Xicun ZHU ◽  
Zhuoyuan WANG ◽  
Lulu GAO ◽  
Gengxing ZHAO ◽  
Ling WANG
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Network Model ◽  
Neural Network Model ◽  
Bp Neural Network ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Hyperspectral Data ◽  
Estimation Model ◽  
Apple Leaves ◽  
Bp Neural Network Model ◽  
Nitrogen Contents

The objective of the paper is to explore the best phenophase for estimating the nitrogen contents of apple leaves, to establish the best estimation model of the hyperspectral data at different phenophases. It is to improve the apple trees precise fertilization and production management. The experiments were done in 20 orchards in the field, measured hyperspectral data and nitrogen contents of apple leaves at three phenophases in two years, which were shoot growth phenophase, spring shoots pause growth phenophase, autumn shoots pause growth phenophase. The study analyzed the nitrogen contents of apple leaves with its original spectral and first derivative, screened sensitive wavelengths of each phenophase. The hyperspectral parameters were built with the sensitive wavelengths. Multiple stepwise regressions, partial least squares and BP neural network model were adopted in the study. The results showed that 551 nm, 716 nm, 530 nm, 703 nm; 543 nm, 705 nm, 699 nm, 756 nm and 545 nm, 702 nm, 695 nm, 746 nm were sensitive wavelengths of three phenophases. R551+R716, R551*R716, FDR530+FDR703, FDR530*FDR703; R543+R705, R543*R705, FDR699+FDR756, FDR699*FDR756and R545+R702, R545*R702, FDR695+FDR746, FDR695*FDR746 were the best hyperspectral parameters of each phenophase. Of all the estimation models, the estimated effect of shoot growth phenophase was better than other two phenophases, so shoot growth phenophase was the best phenophase to estimate the nitrogen contents of apple leaves based on hyperspectral models. In the three models, the 4-3-1 BP neural network model of shoot growth phenophase was the best estimation model. The R2 of estimated value and measured value was 0.6307, RE% was 23.37, RMSE was 0.6274.

Evaluation of Distribution Network Customer Outage Costs

2009 ◽  
Vol 25 (25) ◽  
pp. 7-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laila Zemīte ◽  
Jānis Gerhards
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Network ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Estimation Model ◽  
Energy Assessment ◽  
Calculation Results ◽  
Rate Calculation

Evaluation of Distribution Network Customer Outage CostsCustomer outage cost criteria are considered, collected and analyzed outage costs in Latvia distribution network, as well as distribution network outage elimination structure, the most common outage causes, are proposed outage costs estimation model. Finally the discussion of results of expected customer outage costs and interrupted energy assessment rate calculation results in Latvia distribution network in 2007 are presented, based on customers' mean value of incomes, outcomes and profitability.

Stability of Non Edible Oil for Biodiesel Production – A Review

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-39
Author(s):  
Gaurav Dwivedi ◽  
◽  
M.P. Sharma ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Edible Oil ◽  
Biodiesel Production
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document