Seniors, Older People, the Elderly, Oldies, and Old People: What Language Reveals about Stereotypes of Ageing in Australia

A group of 212 undergraduate and graduate students completed Kogan's Attitudes Toward Old People scale (OP) and the Edwards Personal Preference Schedule (EPPS). Persons scoring higher in the trait of aggression demonstrated significantly more negative attitudes toward the aged. Females, older students, and graduate students all tended to be more positive in their attitudes toward older people. Students majoring in business subjects tended to be more negative toward the elderly, while social work students had the most positive attitudes toward older people.

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Social Skill and Aging: Principles and Problems

The International Journal of Aging and Human Development ◽

10.2190/0anv-mnfu-fkan-gyvw ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

pp. 1-5 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

A. T. Welford

Keyword(s):

Social Skills ◽

Older People ◽

Social Skill ◽

The Elderly ◽

Human Relations ◽

Motor Tasks ◽

Old People ◽

The Social ◽

Sensory Motor ◽

Industrial Operations

Over the last two decades it has become increasingly recognized that concepts of skill, formulated originally for sensory-motor tasks such as industrial operations, can be applied to interaction between people. The need for social skills in the interactions between old people, their contemporaries, and younger people with whom they have contact, are explored, and suggestions are made for training social skills in order to improve human relations with and between the elderly. It is also argued that present ideas, favoring opportunities for older people to live in communities with those of like mind, can lessen the need for social skills by reducing the social demands of institutional living.

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Medyczna troska o ludzi starych w starożytnym grecko-rzymskim świecie

Vox Patrum ◽

10.31743/vp.4216 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 56 ◽

pp. 199-230 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Stanisław Longosz

Keyword(s):

Older People ◽

The Elderly ◽

Way Of Life ◽

Old People ◽

The Third ◽

Roman World ◽

Greco Roman ◽

Diseased Part ◽

Care For Older People ◽

Old People's Homes

The article talks about the medical care for older people in ancient Greco-Roman world. The Presocratic theory about warm and moisture was generally admitted in Antiquity. They confected that the human body receives the most portion of warm and moisture with birthday human being and lost this in the course of life. After all, as the elderly is cold and dry. The Treatment of disease rested on prevention of Dehydration and Hypothermia by appropriate diet. The article is consisting of three chapters: The first chapter reminds essential theory about warm and moisture, and presented the types of medicine especially from Hippocrates school. The Hippocratic myth has been popularized by Aristotle. The followers of Hippocrates have detected diseases and afflictions of old age. Their therapy was restricted to apply alimentary diet. The second chapter appears analogous therapy, which had been presented in the patristic period, moved by Galen and his followers. Their therapy included not only alimentary diet, but also massages, gymnastics, walks, baths, moistening and rubbing a diseased part with soil, pharmaceutical, aesthetic or surgical therapy. The third chapter deals with two proposals of old people therapy – Galen’s (diet, exercises, program of old man life and emulation the way of life long-lived people) and Celsius’s (adjustment of diet to the age and season) then surgical, pharmaceutical and aesthetic therapies, which were applying for the meantime. The article concludes that Ancient Christians, in addiction to this issue, created the germs of old people’s homes (Gerontocomia).

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Migration of Elderly People to Join Existing Households: Some Evidence from the 1991 Household Sample of Anonymised Records

Environment and Planning A Economy and Space ◽

10.1068/a291243 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 29 (7) ◽

pp. 1243-1255 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

A Al-Hamad ◽

R Flowerdew ◽

L Hayes

Keyword(s):

Great Britain ◽

Older People ◽

Marital Status ◽

Elderly People ◽

Living Arrangements ◽

The Elderly ◽

Limited Range ◽

Old People ◽

The Relationship

In this paper the extent to which migration of the elderly is linked to changing family living situations is explored. The work described is part of a larger project concerned with the relationship between migration, kinship, and household change. Discussions of the living arrangements of older people have often referred to moves made to join adult children or other relatives. In this paper we use the Household Sample of Anonymised Records to investigate moves of this type. The Sample of Anonymised Records allows the identification of individuals who have joined already existing households within the previous year. We make use of information on people over 65 years in Great Britain who have changed address in the previous year but are now part of a household some of whose members have not moved. This paper is confined to the limited range of information available from the 1991 census but it does allow us to estimate the number of older people making moves of this type, and to identify their age, sex, and marital status, and their relationship to the household they have joined. It is also possible to say something about the households which these people are joining, in terms of tenure and house type, and to describe the distribution of distances moved. Although the data do not allow direct inferences about whether these moves are related to the needs of the old people for care, the census question on limiting long-term illness provides data relevant to this issue.

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What Can We Learn from Sarcopenia with Curarisation in the Context of Cancer Surgery? A Review of the Literature

Current Pharmaceutical Design ◽

10.2174/1381612825666190705185033 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 25 (28) ◽

pp. 3005-3010

Author(s):

Georges Samouri ◽

Alexandre Stouffs ◽

Lionel V. Essen ◽

Olivier Simonet ◽

Marc De Kock ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Frail Elderly ◽

Muscle Fibers ◽

Motor Units ◽

The Elderly ◽

Hepatic Function ◽

Volume Of Distribution ◽

Neuromuscular Blocking ◽

Cancer Surgery ◽

Old People ◽

Age Related

Introduction: The monitoring of the curarisation is a unique opportunity to investigate the function of the neuromuscular junction (NMJ) during cancer surgery, especially in frailty-induced and age-related sarcopenia. Method: We conducted a comprehensive literature review in PubMed, without any limit of time related to frailty, sarcopenia, age and response to neuromuscular blockers in the context of cancer surgery. Results: Several modifications appear with age: changes in cardiac output, a decrease in muscle mass and increase in body fat, the deterioration in renal and hepatic function, the plasma clearance and the volume of distribution in elderly are smaller. These changes can be exacerbated in cancer patients. We also find modifications of the NMJ: dysfunctional mitochondria, modifications in the innervation of muscle fibers and motor units, uncoupling of the excitation-contraction of muscle fibers, inflammation. : Neuromuscular blocking agents (NMBAs) compete with acetylcholine and prevent it from fixing itself on its receptor. Many publications reported guidelines for using NMBAs in the elderly, based on studies comparing old people with young people. : No one screened frailty before, and thus, no studies compared frail elderly and non-frail elderly undergoing cancer surgery. Conclusion: Despite many studies about curarisation in the specific populations, and many arguments for a potential interest for investigation, no studies investigated specifically the response to NMBAs in regard of the frailty-induced and age-related sarcopenia.

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The effects of teaching methods of palliative care on life pattern of old women with chronic pain

European Journal of Translational Myology ◽

10.4081/ejtm.2019.8472 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 29 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Elham Hesari ◽

Zahra Sabzi ◽

Shohreh Kolagari

Keyword(s):

Chronic Pain ◽

Palliative Care ◽

Teaching Methods ◽

Social Life ◽

Educational Program ◽

Elderly Women ◽

Intervention Group ◽

The Elderly ◽

Old People ◽

Life Pattern

Chronic pain is among problems of old people and causes changes in their life pattern and processes. Teaching palliative care can help old people suffering from chronic pain to live an active life. The aim of this research was to determine effects of educating of palliative care on life pattern of elderly women with chronic pain. The present study was a Quasi-experimental design with pre-test and post test was conducted on 30 elderly women suffering from chronic pain in 2018 in Iran. The Questionnaire for evaluating the Pattern of Life with Pain in the elderly was filled before the intervention, group educating of palliative care was carried out using an educational package, and the questionnaire was completed again immediately and one and three months after. The data was analyzed using mean, standard deviations, Fisher’s F test, and Greenhouse-Geisser and Bonferroni post-hoc test by employing SPSS- 16. Mean changes before teaching palliative care significantly differed from those of immediately and one and three months after the educational program (p = 0.0), (p = 0.004). There were significant differences between the stages of immediately and one month after the educational program and that of three months after it (p = 0.001), (p = 0.002). Concerning the personal life patterns, there were statistically significant differences between the stage immediately after the educational program and those before the intervention and three months after it (p = 0.005), (p = 0.000). Regarding the social life pattern, only the stage of one month after the educational program significantly differed from that of three months (p = 0.005). Mean growth in life pattern of the old women suffering from chronic pain in the stages after the intervention indicated the importance of and the necessity for palliative care during old age. Moreover, the success of this education three months after the educational program as compared to immediately and one month after it indicates that allocation of sufficient time plays a very important role in transferring information and in teaching methods of palliative care to old people.

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Population aging and the historical development of intergenerational transfer systems

Genus ◽

10.1186/s41118-020-00100-8 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 76 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Ronald Lee

Keyword(s):

Older People ◽

Population Aging ◽

Intergenerational Transfers ◽

The Elderly ◽

Intergenerational Transfer ◽

Agricultural Revolution ◽

Public Transfers ◽

Working Age ◽

Social Sharing ◽

Private Transfers

Abstract From our evolutionary past, humans inherited a long period of child dependency, extensive intergenerational transfers to children, cooperative breeding, and social sharing of food. Older people continued to transfer a surplus to the young. After the agricultural revolution, population densities grew making land and residences valuable assets controlled by older people, leading to their reduced labor supply which made them net consumers. In some East Asian societies today, elders are supported by adult children but in most societies the elderly continue to make private net transfers to their children out of asset income or public pensions. Growing public intergenerational transfers have crowded out private transfers. In some high-income countries, the direction of intergenerational flows has reversed from downward to upwards, from young to old. Nonetheless, net private transfers remain strongly downward, from older to younger, everywhere in the world. For many but not all countries, projected population aging will bring fiscal instability unless there are major program reforms. However, in many countries population aging will reduce the net cost to adults of private transfers to children, partially offsetting the increased net costs to working age adults for public transfers to the elderly.

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Rational Use of Protein Supplements in the Elderly—Relevance of Gastrointestinal Mechanisms

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13041227 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 1227

Author(s):

Ian Chapman ◽

Avneet Oberoi ◽

Caroline Giezenaar ◽

Stijn Soenen

Keyword(s):

Blood Glucose ◽

Older People ◽

The Elderly ◽

Time Intervals ◽

Lower Blood Glucose ◽

Protein Supplements ◽

Protein Requirements ◽

Lower Blood ◽

Older Subjects

Protein supplements are increasingly used by older people to maintain nutrition and prevent or treat loss of muscle function. Daily protein requirements in older people are in the range of 1.2 gm/kg/day or higher. Many older adults do not consume this much protein and are likely to benefit from higher consumption. Protein supplements are probably best taken twice daily, if possible soon after exercise, in doses that achieve protein intakes of 30 gm or more per episode. It is probably not important to give these supplements between meals, as we have shown no suppressive effects of 30 gm whey drinks, and little if any suppression of 70 gm given to older subjects at varying time intervals from meals. Many gastrointestinal mechanisms controlling food intake change with age, but their contributions to changes in responses to protein are not yet well understood. There may be benefits in giving the supplement with rather than between meals, to achieve protein intakes above the effective anabolic threshold with lower supplement doses, and have favourable effects on food-induced blood glucose increases in older people with, or at risk of developing, type 2 diabetes mellitus; combined protein and glucose drinks lower blood glucose compared with glucose alone in older people.

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Effectiveness of Oral Nutritional Supplements on Older People with Anorexia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13030835 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 835

Author(s):

Mengqi Li ◽

Si Zhao ◽

Shuang Wu ◽

Xiufen Yang ◽

Hui Feng

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Body Weight ◽

Older People ◽

Energy Intake ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Nutritional Supplements ◽

The Elderly ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

Oral Nutritional Supplements ◽

Positive Effect

Background: Nutrition plays an important role in maintaining the overall health of older people. Inadequate intake may lead to impaired body function, higher morbidity, and mortality. Oral nutritional supplements (ONS) showed positive effect on the nutritional status of the elderly; however, systematic evidence is currently lacking on the effect of ONS on the elderly with anorexia. Aims: The current systematic review and meta-analysis included randomized controlled trial (RCT) articles to investigate the effectiveness of ONS on the main aspects of anorexia of aging (AA). Methods: By using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) method, researchers independently searched PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, the Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and other gray literature resources for publications that met the inclusion criteria by October 2020. The Cochrane Risk of Bias Tools were used for quality assessment. The inverse-variance method was used for the fixed model (FM) while the DerSimonian–Laird method was used for the random model (RM). Respective 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs), mean difference (MD) or standardized mean difference (SMD) was used for indices in terms of effect size (ES). Results: 2497 records were found through the systematic search, while 17 RCTs (n = 1204) were included, with a mean age of 81.9 years (range: 74–87 years). Supplementation occurred in the morning, mid-day, and evening, while the times varied from one to three times a day. The results of meta-analysis showed that, generally, ONS had a positive effect on the overall appetite, MD = 0.18, 95% CI (0.03, 0.33), p = 0.02, and consumption, MD = 1.43, 95% CI (0.01, 2.86), p = 0.05; but not significant in terms of other aspects of appetite: hunger, p = 0.73; fullness, p = 0.60; desire to eat, p = 0.80; preoccupation, p = 0.15. Additionally, it showed an increase in the overall energy intake, SMD = 0.46, 95% CI (0.29, 0.63), p < 0.001, in protein intake, SMD = 0.59, 95% CI (0.16, 1.02), p = 0.007, and in fat intake, MD = 3.47, 95% CI (1.98, 4.97), p < 0.001, while no positive effect was found on carbohydrates intake, p = 0.06. Significance differences were also found in the body weight, SMD = 0.53, 95% CI (0.41, 0.65), p < 0.001, and body mass index (BMI), MD = 0.53, 95% CI (0.12, 0.95), p = 0.01. Moreover, subgroup analyses were conducted according to the nutrient density with no positive results showed except for the low-density ONS on overall energy intake. Conclusions: The results of the present study indicated that ONS had beneficial effects on overall appetite, energy intake, body weight and BMI.

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Registered nurses’ role experiences of caring for older stroke patients: a qualitative study

BMC Nursing ◽

10.1186/s12912-021-00626-y ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Wei Cheng ◽

Jiong Tu ◽

Xiaoyan Shen

Keyword(s):

Nursing Education ◽

Older People ◽

Registered Nurses ◽

Elderly Care ◽

The Elderly ◽

Working Environment ◽

Structured Interviews ◽

Stroke Patients ◽

Care Needs ◽

Nursing Clinical Practice

Abstract Background With China’s population ageing rapidly, stroke is becoming one of the major public health problems. Nurses are indispensable for caring for older patients with acute and convalescent stroke, and their working experiences are directly linked to the quality of care provided. The study aims to investigate registered nurses’ experiences of caring for older stroke patients. Methods A qualitative descriptive design was adopted. Data were collected via semi-structured interviews with 26 registered nurses about their lived experiences of caring for older stroke patients. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the data. Results Two main themes were identified. First, the nurses identified an obvious gap between their ideal role in elderly care and their actual practice. The unsatisfactory reality was linked to the practical difficulties they encountered in their working environment. Second, the nurses expressed conflicting feelings about caring for older stroke patients, displaying a sense of accomplishment, indifference, annoyance, and sympathy. Caring for older stroke patients also affects nurses psychologically and physically. The nurses were clear about their own roles and tried their best to meet the elderly people’s needs, yet they lack time and knowledge about caring for older stroke patients. The factors influencing their working experiences extend beyond the personal domain and are linked to the wider working environment. Conclusions Sustaining the nursing workforce and improving their working experiences are essential to meet the care needs of older people. Understanding nurses’ lived working experiences is the first step. At the individual level, nurse mangers should promote empathy, relieve anxiety about aging, and improve the job satisfaction and morale of nurses. At the institutional level, policymakers should make efforts to improve the nursing clinical practice environment, increase the geriatric nursing education and training, achieve a proper skill mix of the health workforce, and overall attract, prepare and sustain nurses regarding caring for older people in a rapidly aging society.

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