Influence of Air Temperature on Local Precipitation Extremes Across India

2021 ◽  
pp. 149-160
Author(s):  
Sachidanand Kumar ◽  
Kironmala Chanda ◽  
Srinivas Pasupuleti
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Precipitation Extremes

scholarly journals Characteristics of Heavy Storms and the Scaling Relation with Air Temperature by Event Process-Based Analysis in South China

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cuilin Pan ◽  
Xianwei Wang ◽  
Lin Liu ◽  
Dashan Wang ◽  
Huabing Huang
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
South China ◽  
Meteorological Factors ◽  
Rainfall Data ◽  
Precipitation Extremes ◽  
Scaling Relation ◽  
Convective Storms ◽  
Warm Front ◽  
Storm Characteristics

The negative scaling rate between precipitation extremes and the air temperature in tropic and subtropic regions is still a puzzling issue. This study investigates the scaling rate from two aspects, storm characteristics (types) and event process-based temperature variations. Heavy storms in South China are developed by different weather systems with unique meteorological characteristics each season, such as the warm-front storms (January), cold-front storms (April to mid-May), monsoon storms (late May to June), convective storms, and typhoon storms (July to September). This study analyzes the storm characteristics using the hourly rainfall data from 1990 to 2017; compares the storm hyetographs derived from the one-minute rainfall data during 2008–2017; and investigates the interactions between heavy storms and meteorological factors including air temperature, relative humidity, surface pressure, and wind speed at 42 weather stations in Guangzhou during 2015–2017. Most storms, except for typhoon and warm-front storms, had a short duration (3 h) and intense rates (~13 mm/h) in Guangzhou, South China. Convective storms were dominant (50%) in occurrence and had the strongest intensity (15.8 mm/h). Storms in urban areas had stronger interactions with meteorological factors and showed different hyetographs from suburban areas. Meteorological factors had larger variations with the storms that occurred in the day time than at night. The air temperature could rise 6 °C and drop 4 °C prior to and post-summer storms against the diurnal mean state. The 24-hour mean air temperature prior to the storms produced more reliable scaling rates than the naturally daily mean air temperature. The precipitation extremes showed a peak-like scaling relation with the 24-hour mean air temperature and had a break temperature of 28 °C. Below 28 °C, the relative humidity was 80%–100%, and it showed a positive scaling rate. Above 28 °C, the negative scaling relation was likely caused by a lack of moisture in the atmosphere, where the relative humidity decreased with the air temperature increase.

A relation between extreme precipitation and surface air temperature over Russia in the last four decades

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Aleshina ◽  
Vladimir Semenov ◽  
Alexander Chernokulsky
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Extreme Precipitation ◽  
Surface Air Temperature ◽  
Precipitation Extremes ◽  
Convective Precipitation ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Precipitation Temperature ◽  
Moisture Availability ◽  
Precipitation And Temperature

<p>Precipitation extremes are widely thought to intensify with the global warming due to exponential growth, following the Clausius-Clapeyron (C-C) equation of atmosphere water holding capacity with rising temperatures. However, a number of recent studies based on station and reanalysis data for the contemporary period showed that scaling rates between extreme precipitation and temperature are strongly dependent on temperature range, region and moisture availability. Here, we examine the scaling between daily precipitation extremes and surface air temperature over Russian territory for the last four decades using meteorological stations data and ERA-Interim reanalysis. The precipitation-temperature relation is examined for total precipitation amount and, separately, for convective and large-scale precipitation types. In winter, a general increase of extreme precipitation of all types according to C-C relation is revealed. For the Russian Far East region, the stratiform precipitation extremes scale with surface air temperature following even super C-C rates, about two times as fast as C-C. However, in summer we find a peak-like structure of the precipitation-temperature scaling, especially for the convective precipitation in the southern regions of the country. Being consistent with the C-C relationship, extreme precipitation peaks at the temperature range between 15 °C and 20 °C. For the higher temperatures, the negative scaling prevails. Furthermore, it was shown that relative humidity in general decreases with growing temperature in summer. Notably, there appears to be a temperature threshold in the 15-20 °C range, beyond that relative humidity begins to decline more rapidly. This indicates that moisture availability can be the major factor for the peak-shaped relationship between extreme precipitation and temperature revealed by our analysis.</p>

Global scaling of observed sub-daily precipitation extremes to dewpoint temperature

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haider Ali ◽  
Hayley Fowler ◽  
Geert Lenderink ◽  
Elizabeth Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Extreme Precipitation ◽  
Daily Precipitation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Precipitation Extremes ◽  
Precipitation Data ◽  
Lower Altitude ◽  
Dewpoint Temperature ◽  
Extreme Precipitation Events ◽  
Daily Precipitation Data

<p>The intensity and frequency of extreme precipitation events have increased globally and are likely to rise further under the warming climate. The Clausius-Clapeyron (CC) relationship (scaling) provides a physical basis to understand the relationship of precipitation extremes with temperature. Recent studies have used global sub-daily precipitation data from satellite, reanalysis and climate model outputs (due to the limited availability of long term observed sub-daily data at global scales) and have reported a higher sensitivity of sub-daily precipitation extremes to surface air temperature than for daily extremes. Moreover, at higher temperatures, moisture availability becomes the dominant driver of extreme precipitation, therefore, dewpoint temperature can be a better scaling variable to overcome humidity limitations as compared to air temperature. Here, we used hourly precipitation data from the Global Sub-daily Rainfall (GSDR) dataset and daily dewpoint temperature data (DPT) from the Met Office Hadley Centre observations dataset (HadISD) at 6695 locations across the United States of America, Australia, Europe, Japan, India and Malaysia. We found that more than 60% of locations (scaling estimated for individual location) show scaling greater than 7%/K (CC rate). Moreover, more than 55% of locations across Europe, Japan, Australia and Malaysia show scaling greater than 1.5CC. Furthermore, when locations across selected regions are pooled within similar climatic zones (based on Koppen Geiger classification), scaling curves show around 7%/K scaling. The scaling curves for locations at greater altitude (>400m MSL) are flat compared to locations at relatively lower altitude. The difference in scaling rates at-station and for pooled regions highlight the importance of understanding the thermodynamic and dynamic processes governing precipitation extremes at different spatial scales and indicate that local processes are driving the super-CC sensitivities in most regions.</p>

Observed Changes in Air Temperature and Precipitation Extremes over Brazil

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Regoto ◽  
Claudine Dereczynski ◽  
Sin Chan Chou ◽  
Anna Carolina Bazzanela
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Precipitation Extremes ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation

On the dynamics of distribution of the American White Butterfly, Hyphantria cunea Drury, 1973 (Lepidoptera, Arctiidae), in Ukraine regarding the annual minimal air temperatures

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-57
Author(s):  
S. N. Shumov
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Complete Elimination ◽  
Hyphantria Cunea ◽  
White American ◽  
Gis Technologies ◽  
Data Analyses ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Negative Temperatures

The spatial analysis of distribution and quantity of Hyphantria cunea Drury, 1973 across Ukraine since 1952 till 2016 regarding the values of annual absolute temperatures of ground air is performed using the Gis-technologies. The long-term pest dissemination data (Annual reports…, 1951–1985; Surveys of the distribution of quarantine pests ..., 1986–2017) and meteorological information (Meteorological Yearbooks of air temperature the surface layer of the atmosphere in Ukraine for the period 1951-2016; Branch State of the Hydrometeorological Service at the Central Geophysical Observatory of the Ministry for Emergencies) were used in the present research. The values of boundary negative temperatures of winter diapause of Hyphantria cunea, that unable the development of species’ subsequent generation, are received. Data analyses suggests almost complete elimination of winter diapausing individuals of White American Butterfly (especially pupae) under the air temperature of −32°С. Because of arising questions on the time of action of absolute minimal air temperatures, it is necessary to ascertain the boundary negative temperatures of winter diapause for White American Butterfly. It is also necessary to perform the more detailed research of a corresponding biological material with application to the freezing technics, giving temperature up to −50°С, with the subsequent analysis of the received results by the punched-analysis.

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