Unfavorable Impact of the Urbanization on the Immune Antiviral Protection in Children: The Relationship with Recurrent Respiratory Infections

2021 ◽  
pp. 171-184
Author(s):  
I. V. Nesterova ◽  
E. O. Khalturina ◽  
S. V. Kovaleva ◽  
G. A. Chudilova ◽  
V. V. Malinovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Recurrent Respiratory Infections ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Preschool Wheezing and Gastro-Esophageal Reflux: --Causal or Casual Coincidence? Update from Literature

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 180
Author(s):  
Melissa Borrelli ◽  
Giuliana Ponte ◽  
Erasmo Miele ◽  
Marco Maglione ◽  
Carlo Caffarelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Causative Factor ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Airway Diseases ◽  
Recurrent Respiratory Infections ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Reflux Testing ◽  
Rule Out

Gastroesophageal reflux (GER) and wheeze are two common conditions in children. GER has been advocated as a causative factor for explaining recurrent to persistent respiratory symptoms at any age. This association very often means that many children with cough, wheezing, or recurrent respiratory infections receive empirical anti-reflux medications. The causal relationship is still largely discussed. Compared to the large number of studies in infants and adolescents, literature on the relationship between GER and wheeze in preschool children is scarce and inconclusive. The aim of the present narrative review was to summarize what is known so far, and what the literature has proposed in the last 20 years, on the relationship between preschool wheezing and GER. In preschool children with respiratory symptoms there is a high rate of positivity of reflux testing, for this reason pH-MII testing and endoscopy are recommended. Flexible bronchoscopy may be useful to exclude anatomical abnormalities as the cause of wheezing in infancy and preschool years. Several biomarkers, as well as empirical anti-reflux therapy, have been proposed for the diagnosis of GER-related airway diseases, but the conclusions of these studies are controversial or even conflicting. There is a great need for future clinical trials to confirm or rule out the association.

Persistent Allergic Minimum Phlogosis as Mechanistic Link Between Recurrent Respiratory Infections and Atopy: A Single Center Pilot Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Caterina Cuppari ◽  
Sara Manti ◽  
Annamaria Salpietro ◽  
Simona Valenti ◽  
Dominique De Vivo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Single Center ◽  
Recurrent Respiratory Infections

Good's syndrome : A case with recurrent respiratory infections

2013 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. e143
Author(s):  
S. Ersan ◽  
G. Ersan ◽  
C. Arslan ◽  
S. Atalay ◽  
S. Kose
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Good’S Syndrome ◽  
Recurrent Respiratory Infections

ANALYSIS OF THE REASONS FOR THE REFUSAL OF THE POPULATION FROM VACCINES

Vestnik ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 280-284
Author(s):  
Х. Б. Сарсенбай ◽  
А. Н. Турсынханова ◽  
Б. А. Конысов
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Disease Prevention ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Recurrent Respiratory Infections ◽  
High Level ◽  
Mandatory Vaccination

Согласно данным ВОЗ, современные эпидемиологические исследования показали, что рецидивирующие респираторные инфекции у детей раннего и дошкольного возраста сохраняются на высоком уровне 10-50% в течение более 40 лет. Конец вакцинации может спровоцировать массовые инфекционные заболевания. Врачи бьют тревогу, что число отказников от обязательной вакцинации растет. Только в каждой поликлинике Алматы 30-40 родителей в год говорят о готовности к профилактике заболеваний. Среди тех, кто категорически отказывается трогать своих детей иголками, - те, кто идет по пути религии. Они считают, что прививка противоречит убеждениям. В последнее время список недовольных групп пополняют и простые жители, которые скептически относятся к квалификации белых. According to WHO, current epidemiological studies have shown that recurrent respiratory infections in young children and preschool children persist at a high level of 10-50% for more than 40 years. The end of vaccination can provoke mass infectious diseases. Doctors are sounding the alarm that the number of refusers from mandatory vaccination is growing. Only in every polyclinic in Almaty, 30-40 parents a year talk about their readiness for disease prevention. Among those who categorically refuse to touch their children with needles are those who follow the path of religion. They believe that vaccination is contrary to their beliefs. Recently, the list of discontented groups has been supplemented by ordinary residents who are skeptical about the qualifications of whites.

Đánh giá nồng độ lactate và procalcitonin ở bệnh nhân Covid-19

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thanh Xuan Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Serum Level ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Severe Pneumonia ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Wuhan City ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Relationship

TÓM TẮT Đặt vấn đề: Bệnh COVID-19 đa dạng từ không có triệu chứng đến có các triệu chứng nhẹ cho đến viêm phổi nặng, hội chứng suy hô hấp cấp tiến triển (ARDS), nhiễm khuẩn huyết suy đa tạng và tử vong. Người cao tuổi, người có bệnh mạn tính sẽ có nguy cơ diễn biến nặng nhiều hơn. Nghiên cứu này nhằm xác định nồng độ lactate và PCT ở những bệnh nhân Covid-19 và xét mối liên quan giữa lactate và PCT trên bệnh nhân Covid-19. Đối tượng và phương pháp: Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang trên 126 bệnh nhân được chẩn đoán nhiễm Sars-Cov-2 bằng xét nghiệm RT PCR. Kết quả: Tuổi trung bình 55,98 ± 17,1 tuổi (4 - 98 tuổi). Bệnh nhân > 60 tuổi chiếm tỉ lệ cao nhất (42,8%). Trung vị PCT: 3,6 (95%CI:3,21 - 3,75) ng/ml; trung vị lactate 1,5 (95%CI:1,21 - 1,91) mmol/L; lactate có tương quan thuận và yếu với procalcitonin với r = 0,241; p < 0,001. Nồng độ procalcitonin > 0,1 ng/ml; lactate > 2 mmol/l ở bệnh nhân Covid-19 chiếm tỷ lệ cao với 89,7% và 39,7%. Kết luận: Chỉ điểm procalcitonin, lactate tăng cao ở bệnh nhân Covid-19. ABSTRACT ASSESSMENT OF SERUM LEVEL OF LACTATE AND PROCALCITONIN IN COVID-19 PATIENTS Background: Sars-CoV-2 has been identified as the cause of acute respiratory infections in Wuhan city, Hubei province, China, and has since spread worldwide. Sars-CoV-2 is capable of aerosol transmission in enclosed, crowded, and poorly ventilated spaces. COVID-19 illness ranges from asymptomatic to mild symptoms to severe pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), sepsis, multiple organ failure, and death. This study aims to determine lactate and PCT levels in Covid-19 patients and examine the relationship between lactate and PCT in Covid-19 patients. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed on 126 patients diagnosed with Sars-Cov-2 infection by RT-PCR. Results: Mean age was 55.98 ± 17.1 years (range: 4-98 years). Patients more than 60 years old were accounted for the highest rate (42.8%). Median PCT: 3.6 (95%CI:3.21 - 3.75) ng/ml; median lactate 1.5 (95%CI:1.21 - 1,91) mmol/L; lactate has a positive and weak correlation with procalcitonin with r = 0.241; p < 0.001. Procalcitonin concentration > 0.1 ng/ml; lactate > 2 mmol/l in patients with Covid-19 accounted for a high rate with 89.7% and 39.7%. Conclusion: Serum level of procalcitonin and lactate raise highly in Covid-19 patients. Keywords: Covid-19, procalcitonin, lactate.

Elucidating the Relationship between Worry and Physical Health

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. jep.008210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evelyn Behar ◽  
R. Kathryn McHugh ◽  
Michael W. Otto
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
Anxiety Sensitivity ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Depression Symptom ◽  
Physical Health Status ◽  
Physical Health Problems ◽  
Upper Respiratory ◽  
The Relationship

Research indicates a relationship between trait worry and physical health, such that individuals with high levels of trait worry display physical health problems (e.g., upper respiratory infections, cardiological problems, immune system impairment). However, existing studies do not address whether three constructs that are theoretically and empirically related to worry – trait anxiety, anxiety sensitivity, and depression – might better account for the observed relationship between worry and physical health status. Participants completed measures of trait worry, trait anxiety, anxiety sensitivity, depression symptom severity, and health status. Results indicated that worry serves as a proxy risk factor for health status through the influence of trait anxiety and depressive symptoms, with both of these variables being related to mental health status, and only trait anxiety being related to physical health status. Anxiety sensitivity did not explain the relationship between trait worry and either type of health status. Theoretical and clinical implications are discussed.

scholarly journals Pleuroparenchymal Fibroelastosis: A New Entity within the Spectrum of Rare Idiopathic Interstitial Pneumonias

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karina Portillo ◽  
Ignasi Guasch ◽  
Caroline Becker ◽  
Felipe Andreo ◽  
Maria Teresa Fernández-Figueras ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Elastic Fiber ◽  
Optimal Management ◽  
Rare Entity ◽  
European Respiratory Society ◽  
Pleuroparenchymal Fibroelastosis ◽  
Idiopathic Interstitial Pneumonias ◽  
Recurrent Respiratory Infections ◽  
Progressive Dyspnea ◽  
Invasive Techniques

Pleuroparenchymal fibroelastosis (PPFE) is a rare entity that has been recently included in the official American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society (ATS/ERS) statement in 2013 as a group of rare idiopathic interstitial pneumonias (IIPs). PPFE is characterized by pleural and subpleural parenchymal thickening due to elastic fiber proliferation, mainly in the upper lobes. The etiology of the disease is unclear, although some cases have been associated as a complication after bone marrow transplantation, lung transplantation (LT), chemotherapy, and recurrent respiratory infections. The patients usually report progressive dyspnea and dry cough and are predisposed to develop spontaneous or iatrogenic pneumothoraces after surgical lung biopsy (SLB) for its diagnosis. That is why better awareness with the clinical and radiologic features can help optimal management by the multidisciplinary team. Novel invasive techniques such as cryobiopsy may become useful tools in these patients as it could spare SLB. We present the first reported cases in Spain.

scholarly journals Collaborative networks enable the rapid establishment of serological assays for SARS-CoV-2 during nationwide lockdown in New Zealand

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e9863 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reuben McGregor ◽  
Alana L. Whitcombe ◽  
Campbell R. Sheen ◽  
James M. Dickson ◽  
Catherine L. Day ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Serum Antibody ◽  
Clinical Diagnostics ◽  
Neutralising Antibodies ◽  
Past Infection ◽  
Travel History ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Collaborative Efforts ◽  
Prior Infection

Background Serological assays that detect antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 are critical for determining past infection and investigating immune responses in the COVID-19 pandemic. We established ELISA-based immunoassays using locally produced antigens when New Zealand went into a nationwide lockdown and the supply chain of diagnostic reagents was a widely held domestic concern. The relationship between serum antibody binding measured by ELISA and neutralising capacity was investigated using a surrogate viral neutralisation test (sVNT). Methods A pre-pandemic sera panel (n = 113), including respiratory infections with symptom overlap with COVID-19, was used to establish assay specificity. Sera from PCR‑confirmed SARS-CoV-2 patients (n = 21), and PCR-negative patients with respiratory symptoms suggestive of COVID-19 (n = 82) that presented to the two largest hospitals in Auckland during the lockdown period were included. A two-step IgG ELISA based on the receptor binding domain (RBD) and spike protein was adapted to determine seropositivity, and neutralising antibodies that block the RBD/hACE‑2 interaction were quantified by sVNT. Results The calculated cut-off (>0.2) in the two-step ELISA maximised specificity by classifying all pre-pandemic samples as negative. Sera from all PCR-confirmed COVID-19 patients were classified as seropositive by ELISA ≥7 days after symptom onset. There was 100% concordance between the two-step ELISA and the sVNT with all 7+ day sera from PCR‑confirmed COVID-19 patients also classified as positive with respect to neutralising antibodies. Of the symptomatic PCR-negative cohort, one individual with notable travel history was classified as positive by two-step ELISA and sVNT, demonstrating the value of serology in detecting prior infection. Conclusions These serological assays were established and assessed at a time when human activity was severely restricted in New Zealand. This was achieved by generous sharing of reagents and technical expertise by the international scientific community, and highly collaborative efforts of scientists and clinicians across the country. The assays have immediate utility in supporting clinical diagnostics, understanding transmission in high-risk cohorts and underpinning longer‑term ‘exit’ strategies based on effective vaccines and therapeutics.

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