Extra Pulmonary Lymph Node, Abdominal and Pericardial Tuberculosis

2021 ◽  
pp. 53-66
Author(s):  
Martin Dedicoat
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Pulmonary Lymph Node ◽  
Extra Pulmonary

scholarly journals The recent trend in mycobacterial strain diversity among extra pulmonary lymph node tuberculosis and their association with drug resistance and the host immunological response in South India

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shanmugam Sivakumar ◽  
Yuvaraj Chandramohan ◽  
Gokul Raj Kathamuthu ◽  
Gomathi Sekar ◽  
Devika Kandhasamy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
The Body ◽  
Tuberculous Lymphadenitis ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Cytokine Profiles ◽  
Pulmonary Lymph Node ◽  
Extra Pulmonary

Abstract Background Tuberculosis (TB) though primarily affects the lungs it may also affect the other parts of the body and referred as extra pulmonary (EPTB). This study is focused on understanding the genetic diversity and molecular epidemiology of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) among tuberculous lymphadenitis (TBL), a form of EPTB patients identified in Chennai, Tamil Nadu. Methods The genetic diversity was identified by performing spoligotyping on the M.tb clinical isolates that were recovered from lymph node samples. A total of 71 M.tb isolates were recovered from extra pulmonary lymph node samples and subjected to Drug susceptibility testing and spoligotyping was carried out. In addition, immunological characterization from blood of same individuals from whom M.tb was isolated was carried out between the two major lineages groups East African Indian 3 (EAI3) and non-EAI3 strains by ELISA. The results of spoligotyping patterns were compared with the world Spoligotyping Database of Institute Pasteur de Guadeloupe (SpolDB4). Results We found 41 spoligotype patterns and their associated lineages. Out of 41 spoligotype pattern, only 22 patterns are available in the spoldB4 database with Spoligotype international Type (SIT) number and remaining patterns were orphan strains without SIT number. The most predominant spoligotype lineage that was found in lymph node sample in this region of India was EAI (36), followed by central Asian strain (CAS) (6), T1 (5), Beijing (3), Latin American & Mediterranean (LAM) (2), U (1), X2 (1) and orphan (22). In addition to EAI, CAS and Beijing, our study identified the presence of orphan and unique spoligotyping patterns in Chennai region. We observed six drug resistant isolates. Out of six drug resistant isolates, four were resistant to isoniazid drug and associated with EAI family. Moreover, we observed increased levels of type 2 and type 17 cytokine profiles between EAI3 and non-EAI family, infected individuals. Conclusions The study confirms that EAI lineage to be the most predominant lineages in EPTB patients with lymphadenitis and were found to have increased type 1 and type 17 proinflammatory cytokine profiles.

scholarly journals Imaging of Central Nervous System Tuberculosis

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-90
Author(s):  
Anggraini Dwi Sensusiati
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Spinal Tuberculosis ◽  
Bacterial Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Tb ◽  
Intracranial Tuberculoma ◽  
Extra Pulmonary

Tuberculosis, or TB, is an infectious bacterial disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. TB can occur in pulmonary or extra pulmonary. Extra pulmonary TB occurs in locations other than the lung, such as larynx, lymph node, pleura, brain, kidneys and bones. CT Scan can detect intracranial tuberculoma, and MRI is the best method to detect the abnormality in spinal tuberculosis.

scholarly journals Comparison of Acid Fast Bacilli Smear and Culture for the Diagnosis of Extra-Pulmonary Tuberculosis

2004 ◽  
Vol 43 (155) ◽  
Author(s):  
Basista Rijal ◽  
P Ghimire ◽  
N R Tuladhar
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Pericardial Fluid ◽  
The Body ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Isolation Rate ◽  
Extra Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Acid Fast Bacilli ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Extra Pulmonary

The study was conducted with the objectives to compare the Acid Fast Bacilli (AFB) staining and Culture for the diagnosis of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis and to find out the burden of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis from the different site of the body in suspected TB patients. The standard Ziehl-Neelsen Technique was done for AFB staining and culture was done in Ogawa Medium. Of the 292 extra-pulmonary samples examined by AFB smear only 2(0.7%) were positive and of the 1058 extra-pulmonary samples cultured 20 (1.9%) were positive. The isolation rate for extra-pulmonary samples was three fold higher in culture in comparison to AFB Smear. The confirmation rate of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis was approximately 1/ 8th of the pulmonary tuberculosis by conventional bacteriological diagnostic methods. Of the extra-pulmonary tuberculosis renal, endometrial or pelvic and cold abscess were common in this study. M.tuberculosis was also isolated from peritoneal fluid, pericardial fluid, Synovial fluid, lymph node and cerebro spinal fluids only by culture. In conclusion, the standard AFB culture has significant role for diagnosis of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis, even though the conventional bacteriological technique could diagnose very low number of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis. The new methods of diagnosis should be considered to confirm more extra- pulmonary  tuberculosis.Key Words: Extra-pulmonary tuberculosis, AFB Smear, Culture, Diagnosis, Nepal.

scholarly journals Case Report: Rare Pulmonary Sclerosing Pneumocytoma: Large, Multiple, Metastatic, and Fatal

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weidong Zhang ◽  
Yuanyuan Liu ◽  
Yamei Chai ◽  
Kefeng Shi ◽  
Jialing Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Lymph Node Metastasis ◽  
Malignant Tumor ◽  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Node Metastasis ◽  
Multiple Lesions ◽  
Extra Pulmonary ◽  
First Time

Pulmonary sclerosing pneumocytoma (PSP) is a rare benign or low-grade malignant tumor, but it has the potential to present with multiple lesions, lymph node metastasis, extra-pulmonary metastasis, recurrence and even cause death. Herein, a case of PSP that was huge, presented with multiple lesions and had lymph node as well as extrapulmonary metastases (liver, abdominal cavity, bones) is reported for the first time. This patient was also the first one to die of respiratory and circulatory failure caused by the PSP tumor and its metastases which compressed the mediastinal tissue.

scholarly journals Isolation and Identification of Mycobacterium from Extrapulmonary Specimen at NTRL, NIDCH

1970 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 128-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
SM Mostofa Kamal ◽  
HAM Nazmul Ahasan ◽  
Sharmin Ahmed ◽  
KFM Ayaz ◽  
Md Shahriar Mahbub ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Pleural Fluid ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Gastric Lavage ◽  
Laboratory Diagnosis ◽  
Reference Laboratory ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Lowenstein Jensen ◽  
Extra Pulmonary

Objective of the study was to see the frequency of isolation of Mycobacterium among different extrapulmonaryspecimens. The study was carried out at NTRL (National Tuberculosis reference laboratory), NIDCH Bangladeshduring January 2008-June 2009.This study was carried out retrospectively by analyzing NTRL laboratory data. Atotal of 514 extra-pulmonary specimens from different treatment centre of Dhaka was analyzed. Clinical specimens,such as lymph node aspirate, pleural fluid, urine, stool, gastric lavage, pus, ascitic fluid, cerebrospinal fluids, etc wascollected. Lowenstein-Jensen media was used for culture and antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Mycobacteria wereisolated from 113 extra-pulmonary specimens. Male and female ratio was almost equal among positive cases. Thecommonest source of isolation was lymph nodes(frequency 55.8%) and lymph node aspirate( frequency 68.4%)pleural fluid (frequency10.6%).Anti-microbial susceptibility of the isolates to the four first line anti-tuberculosis drugs,rifampicin, isoniazid, streptomycin and ethambutol was tested, susceptibility rate was 100%.The results suggest that,,emphasis should be placed on laboratory diagnosis and treatment of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis.Keywords: Pulmonary tuberculosis; extrapulmonary; Microbial Sensitivity Test; Laboratory Technics and Procedures;BangladeshDOI: 10.3329/jom.v11i2.5454J MEDICINE 2010; 11 : 128-130

scholarly journals Histoplasmosis in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil: a 21-year experience

2001 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 183-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiz Carlos SEVERO ◽  
Flávio de Mattos OLIVEIRA ◽  
Klaus IRION ◽  
Nelson da Silva PORTO ◽  
Alberto Thomaz LONDERO
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
The State ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Disseminated Histoplasmosis ◽  
Pulmonary Histoplasmosis ◽  
Pulmonary Lymph Node

Of 156 cases of histoplasmosis observed in the State of Rio Grande do Sul (Brazil), during a 21-year period (1978-1999) 137 were included in this study. Sixty-seven per cent of the patients had hematogeneous disseminated histoplasmosis, 24% had a self-limited syndrome (acute pulmonary histoplasmosis, histoplasmoma or primary pulmonary lymph node complex), and 9 per cent had chronic pulmonary histoplasmosis. Clinical, mycological, and epidemiological data were reviewed and commented.

A STUDY ON EXTRA PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS: SITE DISTRIBUTION

2021 ◽  
pp. 25-26
Author(s):  
Chhotala Yagnik ◽  
Vishal Oza ◽  
Chetal Suva
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Abdominal Tuberculosis ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Extra Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Site Distribution ◽  
Extra Pulmonary

Background:Extra-pulmonary tuberculosis can affect the lymph nodes, pleura, bones, joints, genito-urinary tract, nervous system (meningitis, tuberculoma), abdominal tuberculosis (intestines, mesentery, solid organs), skin. Materials and Methods: It is a record based, observational prospective study which assesses the presentation and evaluation of the site of distribution of extrapulmonary tuberculosis and management of it in a tertiary care hospital. Result:In present study, 26% of cases from lymph node TB, 20% cases from CNS and pleural TB, 18% cases from GIT, 8% cases from skeletal TB, 4% cases from GUT, 2% cases from ocular and 2% cases from pericardial TB Conclusion:The frequency of extrapulmonary TB in this study was highest in lymph node followed by pleural, CNS, GIT, skeletal and others respectively

The primary pulmonary lymph node complex in paracoccidioidomycosis

1979 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-118
Author(s):  
L. C. Severo ◽  
G. R. Geyer ◽  
A. T. Londero ◽  
N. S. Porto ◽  
C. F. C. Rizzon
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Pulmonary Lymph Node

scholarly journals 762. Sex Differences in the Epidemiology of Tuberculosis in Tunisia

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. S274-S274
Author(s):  
Maissa Ben Jemaa ◽  
Makram Koubaa ◽  
Houda Ben Ayed ◽  
Chakib Marrakchi ◽  
Maroua Trigui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
Effective Prevention ◽  
Death Rates ◽  
Extra Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Extra Pulmonary

Abstract Background According to WHO, many more men than women are diagnosed with tuberculosis (TB) and die from it globally. In light of this fact, examining the gender differences among patients with TB is important to institute effective prevention, coverage and treatment. We aim to study sex differences in the epidemiology and clinical specificities of TB. Methods We conducted a retrospective study of patients with TB, of all ages between January 1995 and December 2016. Data were collected from the regional register of tuberculosis implanted at the anti tuberculosis center ATC of Sfax, Southern Sfax. Results We recorded 2,771 new cases of TB. Sex ratio was 1.2. Pulmonary Tuberculosis (PT) represented 40.5% of all cases of TB (n = 1,121) and was 2.5 times more frequent in men than women (50.3% vs. 28.7%; P < 0.001). The sex ratio for extra-pulmonary tuberculosis (EPT) was 0.83. Lymph node and abdominal TB were significantly more frequent in women with respectively 52.5% (vs. 37.4%; P < 0.001) and 12.6% (vs. 9.1%; P = 0.025). Pleural and urogenital TB were significantly more common in men (20.3% vs. 8.9%; P < 0.001 and 13.4% vs. 9.8%; P = 0.023 respectively). We did not found any gender differences in other EPT forms. Between 1995 and 2016, overall TB (P = 0.001; rho = 0.64), EPT (P = 0.02; rho = 0.63) and PT (P = 0.03; rho = 0.46) cases were increasingly notified in women while they were stable in men. Death rates were significantly more important in men (3.5 vs. 2.1; P = 0.02). Women experienced recovery more frequently (89.2% vs. 86.7%; P = 0.04) and duration of treatment was significantly higher in women (9 months vs. 8 months; P < 0.001). Conclusion Our study highlighted sex differences of TB in the region of Sfax with a higher burden and morbidity in men. National TB programs should actively focus in these results with more routine diagnostic and screening. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

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