ICT-Enabled Open and Distance Learning - Its Influence on Career Development and Employability in Least Developed Countries: Case of Malawi

Author(s):  
Dimson Kalelo-Phiri ◽  
Irwin Brown
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 197-207
Author(s):  
Md. Rahat Khan ◽  
◽  
S. M. Sabbih Hossain ◽  

Purpose: The key purpose of the study is to understand the university students' perception of a sudden distance learning platform from Bangladesh (a least developed countries' perspective). Research methodology: This particular study has employed a qualitative research method with the support of interview and observation methods. The study has selected 20 University students as a sample size based on purposive sampling. Results: The findings provide a vivid outline of the current situation of the universities- that the students have- over the influence of distance learning on education, technology, their university, course instructors, and themselves. Limitations: The data was qualitative in nature and the study only interviewed the university students but not the other stakeholders of that system; in addition, the study did not triangulate the data with more quantitative data. Contribution: The study makes an important contribution to the literature on the least developed countries' university education, which will benefit Higher Education institutions that are also struggling with the prospects and obstacles of distance learning during and in the post-Covid-19 crisis.


2013 ◽  
pp. 109-122
Author(s):  
Rahmi Rivalina Rahmi Rivalina

Abstrak: Untuk dapat memenuhi tuntutan kebutuhan masyarakat akan layanan pendidikan, berbagai upaya telah dilakukan seperti: optimalisasi layanan pendidikan oleh berbagai lembaga pendidikan yang ada melalui penyelenggaraan pendidikan pada pagi dan siang hari (double shift), penyelenggaraan Paket A, Paket B, dan Paket C, penyelenggaraan ujian persamaan setingkat Sekolah Dasar (SD), Sekolah Menengah Pertama (SMP), dan Sekolah Menengah Atas (SMA), dan penyelenggaraan pendidikan terbuka dan jarak jauh (PTJJ). Dari berbagai upaya pemenuhan tuntutan kebutuhan masyarakat akan layanan pendidikan, maka topik yang akan dibahas di dalam tulisan ini adalah khusus mengenai pendidikan terbuka dan jarak jauh. Pertimbangannya adalah karena model pendidikan terbuka dan jarak jauh ini (1) belum banyak diketahui masyarakat luas, belum dipahami secara benar, atau masih “dipandang sebelah mata” oleh sebagian masyarakat, dan (2) sangat lentur (fleksibel) dalam kegiatan pembelajarannya. Pendidikan terbuka dan jarak jauh tidak hanya dibutuhkan oleh masyarakat di negara-negara maju tetapi juga di negara-negara berkembang. Oleh karena itu, cakupan materi yang akan dibahas di dalam tulisan ini adalah mengenai konsep pendidikan terbuka dan jarak jauh, komponen dan karakteristik, rasional penyelenggaraan dan profil peserta didik, dan berbagai bentuk/model penerapan pendidikan terbuka dan jarak jauh di berbagai negara termasuk Indonesia. Tujuan penulis melalui tulisan ini adalah untuk berbagi pengetahuan dan pengalaman dalam rangka pengembangan pemahaman yang sama mengenai peranan pendidikan terbuka dan jarak jauh yang berfungsi saling melengkapi dengan pendidikan reguler/konvensional. Kata kunci: pendidikan formal (persekolahan), pendidikan terbuka dan jarak jauh, belajar mandiri, pendidikan yang fleksibel (luwes)Abstract: In fulfilling the community needs for education services, various programs have been implemented, such as: optimalization of various educational institutions in offering education services by implementing a double-shift schooling system, conducting Package A, Package B, and Package C Equivalent Programs, executing Primary and Secondary Equivalence Examinations, and managing the open and distance learning program. In accordance with the above programs, the proposed issue to discuss in this writing is particulaly limited on the rationale or reasoning for conducting open and distance education program. Among some reasonings for implementing the open and distance learning mode are (1) the potentials of distance learning mode isn’t widely known, (2) the distance learning mode isn’t properly comprehended, or the distance learning mode is not fully acknowledged by some of the communities, and (2) the flexibility of conducting learning activities in the distance learning mode. Not only the community in the developed countries but also in the developing countries need the distance learning services. Therefore, this writing discusses the definition, components and characteristics of open and distance education, rationale of implementing and students profile, and various open and distance education models implemented in some countries including Indonesia. The aim of writing this article is to share knowledge and experiences for developing mutual understanding about the role of open and distance education, and its functions as a mutual complementary with the regular or conventional school system. Keywords: Formal education (schooling system), open and distance education, independent study, flexible education.


2013 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 122-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cécile Renaud ◽  
Jacques Berger ◽  
Arnaud Laillou ◽  
Sylvie Avallone

Vitamin A deficiency is still one of the major public health problems in least developed countries. Fortification of vegetable oils is a strategy implemented worldwide to prevent this deficiency. For a fortification program to be effective, regular monitoring is necessary to control food quality in the producing units. The reference methods for vitamin A quantification are expensive and time-consuming. A rapid method should be useful for regular assessment of vitamin A in the oil industry. A portable device was compared to high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for three plant oils (rapeseed, groundnut, and soya). The device presented a good linearity from 3 to 30 mg retinol equivalents per kg (mg RE.kg- 1). Its limits of detection and quantification were 3 mg RE.kg- 1 for groundnut and rapeseed oils and 4 mg RE.kg- 1 for soya oil. The intra-assay precision ranged from 1.48 % to 3.98 %, considered satisfactory. Accuracy estimated by the root mean squares error ranged from 3.99 to 5.49 and revealed a lower precision than HPLC (0.4 to 2.25). Although it offers less precision than HPLC, the device estimates quickly the vitamin A content of the tested oils from 3 or 4 to 15 mg RE.kg- 1.


2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-40
Author(s):  
Nur Syafiqah Hussin ◽  
Naqiah Awang ◽  
Farah Husna Mohd Fatzel

Covid-19 is an unprecedented crisis that has affected almost all industry players including education. It has transformed our way of life and introduced a new normal to how things are done. As an effort to contain the outbreak of pandemic Covid-19, universities have shifted to online learning. In line with this, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) has decided to execute open and distance learning (ODL) for the current semester until 31 December 2020. ODL introduces a different learning environment as compared to the traditional classroom that requires students to be self-reliant in learning new things. Hence, the purpose of the study is to explore students’ experiences in the process of knowledge transfer through ODL specifically for accounting subjects. A questionnaire was distributed to students who were taking the subject of Introduction to Financial Accounting and Introduction to Cost Accounting in UiTM Pahang Kampus Raub and a total of 206 responses were received. The study found over half of the students enjoy learning through ODL but only one-third were looking forward to having ODL for the next semester. Poor internet connection is the main reason found in the study that makes ODL not preferred by the students. At the same time, few features were highlighted by the students about ODL such as the advantage of pre-recorded video to catch up the new material and flexibility for them to learn at their own pace.


2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
JAVED ALAM SHEIKH

Almost 50 per cent of the world population is constituted by the women and they have been making substantial contribution to socio-economic development. But, unfortunately their tremendous contribution remains unrecognized and unnoticed in most of the developing and least developed countries causing the problem of poverty among them. Empowering women has become the key element in the development of an economy. With women moving forward, the family moves, the village moves and the nation moves. Hence, improving the status of women by way of their economic empowerment is highly called for. Entrepreneurship is a key tool for the economic empowerment of women around the world for alleviating poverty. Entrepreneurship is now widely recognized as a tool of economic development in India also. In this paper I have tried to discuss the reasons and role of Women Entrepreneurship with the help of Push and Pull factors. In the last I have also discussed the problems and the road map of Women Entrepreneurs development in India.


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