scholarly journals Age-Related Differences in Search Strategy and Performance When Using a Data-Rich Web Site

2013 ◽  
pp. 201-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erica Olmsted-Hawala ◽  
Jennifer C. Romano Bergstrom ◽  
Wendy A. Rogers
Keyword(s):  
Web Site ◽  
Search Strategy ◽  
Age Related ◽  
And Performance

Cognitive Factors Mediate the Relation Between Age and Flight Path Maintenance in General Aviation

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen Van Benthem ◽  
Chris M. Herdman
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Flight Path ◽  
General Aviation ◽  
Cognitive Factors ◽  
Pilot Performance ◽  
Pilot Error ◽  
Age Related ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. Identifying pilot attributes associated with risk is important, especially in general aviation where pilot error is implicated in most accidents. This research examined the relationship of pilot age, expertise, and cognitive functioning to deviations from an ideal circuit trajectory. In all, 54 pilots, of varying age, flew a Cessna 172 simulator. Cognitive measures were obtained using the CogScreen-AE ( Kay, 1995 ). Older age and lower levels of expertise and cognitive functioning were associated with significantly greater flight path deviations. The relationship between age and performance was fully mediated by a cluster of cognitive factors: speed and working memory, visual attention, and cognitive flexibility. These findings add to the literature showing that age-related changes in cognition may impact pilot performance.

scholarly journals Self-regulated learning as a predictor of mathematics and reading performance: A picture of students in Grades 5 to 8

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan-Marie Harding ◽  
Narelle English ◽  
Nives Nibali ◽  
Patrick Griffin ◽  
Lorraine Graham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reading Comprehension ◽  
Reading Performance ◽  
Learning Skills ◽  
Self Regulated Learning ◽  
Performance Differences ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Regulated Learning ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Learning And Performance

Students who can regulate their own learning are proposed to gain the most out of education, yet research into the impact of self-regulated learning skills on performance shows mixed results. This study supports the link between self-regulated learning and performance, while providing evidence of grade- or age-related differences. Australian students from Grades 5 to 8 completed mathematics or reading comprehension assessments and self-regulated learning questionnaires, with each response ranked on a hierarchy of quality. All assessments were psychometrically analysed and validated. In each cohort and overall, higher performing students reported higher levels of self-regulated learning. Still, age-related differences outweighed performance differences, resulting in significantly lower reported usage of self-regulated learning skills in Grade 7 students compared to those in Grades 5, 6 and 8. These findings suggest that either age or school organisational differences mediate students’ self-regulated learning, counteracting ability-related associations.

scholarly journals Physical activity in elderly

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Cvecka ◽  
Veronika Tirpakova ◽  
Milan Sedliak ◽  
Helmut Kern ◽  
Winfried Mayr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Irreversible Process ◽  
Significant Decline ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Age Related ◽  
And Performance ◽  
And Function ◽  
Age Related Changes

Aging is a multifactorial irreversible process associated with significant decline in muscle mass and neuromuscular functions. One of the most efficient methods to counteract age-related changes in muscle mass and function is physical exercise. An alternative effective intervention to improve muscle structure and performance is electrical stimulation. In the present work we present the positive effects of physical activity in elderly and a study where the effects of a 8-week period of functional electrical stimulation and strength training with proprioceptive stimulation in elderly are compared.

Age-related differences in affective and cognitive empathy: self-report and performance-based evidence

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 655-672 ◽  
Author(s):  
Binghai Sun ◽  
Zhenbing Luo ◽  
Wenwen Zhang ◽  
Weijian Li ◽  
Xinyu Li
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Empathy ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Age Related ◽  
And Performance

Nonsurgical Redefinition of the Chin and Jawline of Younger Adults With a Hyaluronic Acid Filler: Results Evaluated With a Grid System Approach

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dario Bertossi ◽  
Massimo Robiony ◽  
Andrea Lazzarotto ◽  
Giorgio Giampaoli ◽  
Riccardo Nocini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hyaluronic Acid ◽  
Grid System ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Younger Adults ◽  
Lower Face ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Tissue Edema ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Performance

Abstract Background Aesthetic treatment of the lower face is increasingly in demand, particularly owing to age-related changes in appearance. VYC-25L is a novel hyaluronic acid filler with high G′ and high cohesivity, specifically designed for sculpting and contouring of the chin and jaw. Objectives The aim of this study was to assess the use of a grid traced onto the chin and jaw for guiding treatment with VYC-25L. Methods This was a retrospective, single-center analysis of data from adult patients undergoing treatment of the lower third of the face with VYC-25L. A grid system of horizontal and vertical lines was used to systematize the process of treatment planning and performance. Results Thirty subjects were enrolled (53.3% female; mean [standard deviation] age, 34.4 [2.8] years). The mean quantity of VYC-25L used was 4.0 [0.8] mL. Based on the 5-point Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale, 29 patients (96.7%) rated their appearance at 20 days posttreatment as “much improved” or “very much improved.” The only complications recorded were early transient soft-tissue edema (n = 14; 46.7%) and bruising (n = 6; 20.0%). There were no cases of infection, paresthesia, asymmetry, hematoma, necrosis, or skin discoloration. Conclusions Treatment of the chin and jawline with VYC-25L, with injection locations determined by a standardized grid-based approach, appears to be effective and safe with high rates of patient satisfaction. Injection of this filler offers a potentially high-impact approach for patients across a variety of biological and economic circumstances. Level of Evidence: 4

scholarly journals ASSESSING SEARCHES IN NICE SINGLE TECHNOLOGY APPRAISALS: PRACTICE AND CHECKLIST

2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 315-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth Wong ◽  
Suzy Paisley ◽  
Christopher Carroll
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Web Site ◽  
Search Strategy ◽  
Clinical Effectiveness ◽  
Evidence Review ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Reporting Source

Objectives: No guidelines exist in the approach that Evidence Review Groups (ERGs) should take to appraise search methodologies in the manufacturer's submission (MS) in Single Technology Appraisals (STA). As a result, ERGs are left to appraise searches using their own approach. This study investigates the limitations of manufacturers' search methodologies as critiqued by ERGs in published STA reports and to provide a recommended checklist.Methods: Limitations from search critiques in 83 ERG reports published in the NIHR Web site between 2006 and May 2011 were extracted. The limitations were grouped into themes. Comparisons were made between limitations reported in the clinical effectiveness versus cost-effectiveness searches.Results: Twelve themes were identified, six relating to the search strategy, source, limits, filters, translation, reporting, and missing studies. The search strategy theme contained the most limitations. Missing studies were frequently found by the ERG group in the clinical effectiveness searches. The omission of searches by manufacturers for unpublished and ongoing trials was frequently reported by the ERG. By contrast, failure of the manufacturer to report strategies was the most common limitation in the cost-effectiveness searches. Themes with the most frequent limitations in both types of searches are search strategy, reporting and source.Conclusions: It is recommended that a checklist that has reporting, source and search strategy elements be used in the appraisal of manufacturer's searches during the STA process.

scholarly journals The emerging roles of the macular pigment carotenoids throughout the lifespan and in prenatal supplementation

2020 ◽  
pp. jlr.TR120000956
Author(s):  
Paul S. Bernstein ◽  
Ranganathan Arunkumar
Keyword(s):  
Vision Loss ◽  
Macular Pigment ◽  
Visual Development ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Care Community ◽  
Nutritional Recommendations ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Disease Study

Since the publication of the Age-Related Eye Disease Study (AREDS2) in 2013, the macular pigment carotenoids lutein and zeaxanthin have become well known to both the eye care community and the public. It is a fascinating aspect of evolution that primates have repurposed photoprotective pigments and binding proteins from plants and insects to protect and enhance visual acuity. Moreover, utilization of these plant-derived nutrients has been widely embraced for preventing vision loss from age-related macular degeneration (AMD). More recently, there has been growing awareness that these nutrients can also play a role in improving visual performance in adults. On the other hand, the potential benefits of lutein and zeaxanthin supplementation at very young ages have been underappreciated. In this review, we examine the biochemical mechanisms and supportive data for lutein and zeaxanthin supplementation throughout the lifespan, with particular emphasis on prenatal supplementation. We propose that prenatal nutritional recommendations may aim at improving maternal and infant carotenoid status. Prenatal supplementation with lutein and zeaxanthin might enhance infant visual development and performance and may even prevent retinopathy of prematurity, possibilities that should be examined in future clinical studies.

AGE-RELATED DECLINES IN LEG STRENGTH AND PERFORMANCE IN SEDENTARY HISPANIC AND CAUCASIAN WOMEN.

1999 ◽  
Vol 31 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. S255
Author(s):  
Y. G. Casas ◽  
B. C. Schiller ◽  
B. L. Tracy ◽  
C. A. DeSouza ◽  
D. R. Seals
Keyword(s):  
Leg Strength ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Caucasian Women ◽  
And Performance

scholarly journals The interaction between nutrition and exercise for promoting health and performance

2017 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver C. Witard ◽  
Derek Ball
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Metabolic Response ◽  
Healthy Ageing ◽  
Human Model ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
The Public ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Age Related ◽  
And Performance

The theme of The Nutrition Society Spring Conference 2017 was on the interaction between nutrition and exercise for promoting healthy ageing, maintaining cognitive function and improving the metabolic health of the population. The importance of this theme is highlighted by the public health issues surrounding obesity, diabetes and the age-related loss of skeletal muscle mass (sarcopenia). The opening symposium provided a historical perspective of both invasive and non-invasive methodologies for measuring exercise energetics and energy balance. Data derived from these techniques underpin current understanding regarding the metabolic response to nutrition and exercise. Further symposia examined the importance of skeletal muscle for healthy ageing in older men and postmenopausal women. From a nutritional perspective, the potential for animal- v. plant-based protein sources to offset the age-related decline in muscle mass was discussed. The day concluded by discussing the link(s) between nutrition, exercise and brain function. Day 2 commenced with examples of applied equine research illustrating the link between nutrition/exercise and insulin resistance to those of a human model. The final symposium examined the combined role of nutrition and exercise in reducing risk of type 2 diabetes and dyslipidaemia. The overall conclusion from the meeting was that the interaction between diet and physical activity confers greater benefits to human health and performance than either component alone.

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