Physical Activity Levels and Physical Activity Recommendations in Japan

Background: Physical activity reduces the likelihood of developing metabolic syndrome (MetS). However, the association between different physical activity levels and MetS remains unclear in older adults with obesity. Methods: This cross-sectional study used four waves of data (2007-2008, 2009-2010, 2011-2012, 2013-2014) from two datasets: The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and United Sates Department of Agriculture’s Food Patterns Equivalents Database. The sample included adults 60+ years of age (n= 613) with obesity who had physical activity and MetS data. Physical activity was assessed using the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire and categorized into three physical activity levels (low, medium, and high); and medium or high physical activity levels are aligned with or exceed current physical activity recommendations. Participants were classified as having MetS using a commonly agreed upon definition. Multiple logistic regression models examined the association between the three physical activity levels and MetS risk factors and MetS. All analyses adjusted for potential confounding variables and accounted for complex sampling. Results: Of 613 respondents, 72.1% (n=431) were classified as having MetS, and 44.3% (n = 263) had not met physical activity recommendations. Participants with high levels of physical activity had a lower risk of MetS (OR = 0.31, 95%CI: 0.13, 0.72) and more healthful levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (OR = 0.39, 95%CI: 0.18, 0.84), blood pressure (OR = 0.39, 95%CI: 0.20, 0.77), fasting glucose (OR = 0.34, 95%CI: 0.15, 0.78) than participants categorized as having low physical activity. Conclusions: Physical activity is associated with lower risk of MetS only for participants with the highest level of physical activity, which suggests that physical activity dosage is important to reduce MetS risk in older adults with obesity.

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Physical activity during school recess: A missed opportunity to be active?

Health Education Journal ◽

10.1177/0017896919859044 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 78 (8) ◽

pp. 988-999

Author(s):

Pablo Tercedor ◽

Víctor Segura-Jiménez ◽

Manuel Ávila García ◽

Francisco Javier Huertas-Delgado

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Weight Status ◽

Sedentary Time ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

Activity Levels ◽

Activity Intensity ◽

Physical Activity Levels ◽

Physical Activity Recommendations ◽

School Recess ◽

Activity Recommendations

Objective:The goals of this study were to (1) describe physical activity levels during school recess in 8-year-old children, (2) analyse the percentage of children who achieved physical activity recommendation at recess, and (3) examine if recess physical activity levels varied by gender, weight status, and parental educational level.Methods:In all, 291 children (mean age ± SD = 8.3 ± 0.3 years, 156 boys) from 7 schools of Granada (Spain) were recruited by convenience. To analyse sedentary time and physical activity levels during recess, children wore a tri-axial accelerometer attached to the wrist over five consecutive school days.Results:Sedentary time (29.6% vs 40%) and light physical activity (33.2% vs 35.5%) were lower in boys than in girls (all p < .001). Conversely, moderate physical activity (26.7% vs 20%), vigorous physical activity (10.5% vs 4.4%) and moderate-vigorous physical activity (37.2% vs 24.4%) were higher in boys than in girls (all p < .001). Only 12% of the children accomplished the moderate-vigorous physical activity recommendations during recess (21.2% boys vs 1.5% girls). Lower body mass index values were associated with higher vigorous physical activity intensity.Conclusions:Levels of moderate-vigorous physical activity during school recess are very low in children, being lower in girls than in boys, a very low percentage of children achieve moderate-vigorous physical activity recommendations during school recess, and girls and overweight/obese children show lower values in moderate-vigorous and vigorous physical activity.

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Criterion validity of The International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF) for use in clinical practice in patients with osteoarthritis

BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽

10.1186/s12891-021-04069-z ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Kenth Louis Joseph ◽

Hanne Dagfinrud ◽

Anne Christie ◽

Kåre Birger Hagen ◽

Anne Therese Tveter

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

International Physical Activity Questionnaire ◽

Short Form ◽

Criterion Validity ◽

Activity Levels ◽

Physical Activity Questionnaire ◽

Physical Activity Levels ◽

Physical Activity Recommendations ◽

Activity Questionnaire ◽

Activity Recommendations

Abstract Background To tailor physical activity treatment programs for patients with osteoarthritis, clinicians need valid and feasible measurement tools to evaluate habitual physical activity. The widely used International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF) is not previously validated in patients with osteoarthritis. Purpose To assess the concurrent criterion validity of the IPAQ-SF in patients with osteoarthritis, using an accelerometer as a criterion-method. Method Patients with osteoarthritis (n = 115) were recruited at The Division of Rheumatology and Research at Diakonhjemmet Hospital (Oslo, Norway). Physical activity was measured by patients wearing an accelerometer (ActiGraph wGT3X-BT) for seven consecutive days, followed by reporting their physical activity for the past 7 days using the IPAQ-SF. Comparison of proportions that fulfilled physical activity recommendations as measured by the two methods were tested by Pearson Chi-Square analysis. Differences in physical activity levels between the IPAQ-SF and the accelerometer were analyzed with Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test and Spearman rank correlation test. Bland-Altman plots were used to visualize the concurrent criterion validity for total- and intensity-specific physical activity levels. Results In total, 93 patients provided complete physical activity data, mean (SD) age was 65 (8.7) years, 87% were women. According to the IPAQ-SF, 57% of the patients fulfilled the minimum physical activity recommendations compared to 31% according to the accelerometer (p = 0.043). When comparing the IPAQ-SF to the accelerometer we found significant under-reporting of total physical activity MET-minutes (p = < 0.001), sitting (p = < 0.001) and walking (p < 0.001), and significant over-reporting of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (p < 0.001). For the different physical activity levels, correlations between the IPAQ-SF and the accelerometer ranged from rho 0.106 to 0.462. The Bland-Altman plots indicated an increased divergence between the two methods with increasing time spent on moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity. Conclusion Physical activity is a core treatment of osteoarthritis. Our finding that patients tend to over-report activity of higher intensity and under-report low-intensity activity and sitting-time is of clinical importance. We conclude that the concurrent criterion validity of the IPAQ-SF was weak in patients with osteoarthritis.

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Levels of Physical Activity in the Adult Population of La Guajira, Colombia: A Focus on Ethnicity

Frontiers in Public Health ◽

10.3389/fpubh.2020.610679 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Author(s):

Yaina Panciera-di-Zoppola ◽

Juan Niño-Restrepo ◽

José Melo-Freile ◽

Rocío Ortiz-Moncada

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Social Class ◽

Ethnic Groups ◽

Sociodemographic Factors ◽

Lower Probability ◽

Activity Levels ◽

Physical Activity Levels ◽

Physical Activity Recommendations ◽

Probability Of Compliance ◽

Activity Recommendations

The objective of this study is to analyze the physical activity levels among the ethnic groups in La Guajira, Colombia, according to the different ethnic groups and their sociodemographic factors. With regards to ethnic groups, two groups were studied, ethnic (Indigenous and Afro-Colombian) and non-ethnic (White or Mestizo). In order to obtain the relevant data a non-probability sample of 251 people of ≥18 years of age were asked to complete the short version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). In this analysis, physical activity (METs.min−1) levels were considered as the dependent variable, while the independent variables were linked to the sociodemographic factors: sex, age, social class, civil status, educational level, and municipality of residence. The individuals were then categorized based on their physical activity levels and their compliance with the World Health Organization's (WHO) physical activity recommendations. Next, using the sociodemographic variables, regression models were made to determine the likelihood of the participants meeting these physical activity targets; these models found that 78.1% of the studied participants met the targets. According to the results of the bivariate analysis, participants of ≥47 years of age, and those with only a primary education presented a lower probability of complying with the physical activity recommendations, while those who lived in large municipalities (Riohacha) displayed a larger probability of compliance [OR = 2.16; 95% CI: (1.18–3.96)]. Furthermore, the multivariate analysis showed that Indigenous and Afro-Colombian people in a low social class are more likely to comply with the physical activity recommendations [ORad = 4.88; 95% CI: (1.31–18.1)], while residing in a smaller municipality (Manaure) is associated with a lower probability of compliance [ORad = 0.39; 95% CI: (0.16–0.91)]. In addition, the educated participants were shown to be active and to comply with the physical activity recommendations is to a high degree, even when compared with national and global results. In the ethnic group however, low social class stood out as the sociodemographic factor most associated with high physical activity, while Afro-Colombians were shown to be more active than the Indigenous people. The results of this study offer evidence that can either form a base for future research.

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Sport Education and Physical Activity: Recommendations for Maximizing the Model

International Journal of Physical Education Fitness and Sports ◽

10.26524/ijpefs19114 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 122-123 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Colin G Pennington

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Childhood Obesity ◽

Physical Education ◽

Social Development ◽

Activity Levels ◽

Sport Education ◽

Physical Activity Levels ◽

Physical Activity Recommendations ◽

Education Model ◽

Activity Recommendations

There is a need for physical education to address two important concerns affecting American youth: the worsening social decline of communities and schools, and the increase of childhood obesity and sedentary related illnesses. This article explores solutions to the dual challenge of increasing students' moral and social development, and increasing students physical activity levels in physical education while teaching within the Sport Education Model.

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Active breaks during virtual classrooms in schoolchildren in times of COVID-19 pandemic: A strategy to increase physical activity levels

Journal of Movement & Health ◽

10.5027/jmh-vol19-issue2(2022)art140 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 19 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Jairo Azócar-Gallardo ◽

◽

Alex Ojeda-Aravena ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Sedentary Behavior ◽

Screen Time ◽

Activity Levels ◽

Virtual Classrooms ◽

Physical Activity Levels ◽

Physical Activity Recommendations ◽

Active Breaks ◽

Activity Recommendations

As a result of the closure of schools to control COVID-19 transmission, the lifestyle of schoolchildren changed, with an increase in excess malnutrition, sedentary behavior, decreased outdoor time and increased screen time. The modification in the execution of classes in their new modalities (on-site or virtual) does not modify the deleterious effects of the sedentary behavior of schoolchildren. Short cumulative active breaks can be an efficient strategy to meet the minimum physical activity recommendations suggested by the WHO for children and adolescents aged 5-17 years.

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Niveles objetivos de actividad física durante las clases de Educación Física en estudiantes chilenos usando acelerometría (Objectively measured physical activity levels during Physical Education lessons in Chilean students using accelerometry)

Retos ◽

10.47197/retos.v37i37.69238 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 123-128

Author(s):

Daniel Mayorga-Vega ◽

Maribel Parra Saldías ◽

Jesús Viciana

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Physical Education ◽

Physical Activity Level ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

Activity Level ◽

Activity Levels ◽

Physical Activity Recommendations ◽

Las Mujeres ◽

Objectively Measured ◽

Activity Recommendations

El objetivo del presente estudio fue examinar los niveles objetivos de actividad física durante las clases de Educación Física en adolescentes chilenos, identificando posibles diferencias según el género. En el presente estudio participaron 156 estudiantes de enseñanza básica de Chile (69 niñas y 87 varones, edad media = 13.5 ± .7 años). Se eliminaron 34 participantes por no cumplir los criterios mínimos de registro, seleccionando finalmente a 122 adolescentes. Se evaluaron los niveles objetivos de actividad física de una clase de Educación Física mediante el acelerómetro GT3X. Los resultados mostraron que ningún participante alcanzó las recomendaciones de tiempo de práctica de actividad física moderada-vigorosa del 50% durante las clases de Educación Física. La mayoría de los estudiantes (50.7% de chicos y 72.5% de chicas) acumularon menos del 10% del tiempo de clase de Educación Física en actividad física moderada-vigorosa. Los chicos presentaron mayores valores de actividad física moderada-vigorosa que las mujeres (p < .05), pero no se encontraron diferencias en el tiempo sedentario ni en la actividad física ligera (p > .05). Los adolescentes chilenos no cumplen las recomendaciones de actividad física moderada-vigorosa en clases de Educación Física. Se discuten diferentes estrategias de incremento del tiempo empleado en dicha actividad física moderada-vigorosa como medidas a considerar. Abstract. The aim of the present study was to examine objective levels of physical activity during Physical Education (PE) classes in Chilean adolescents, identifying possible differences according to gender. A sample composed of 156 Chilean adolescents (69 female and 87 male, average age = 13.5 ± .7 years) participated in this study. A total of 34 adolescents did not meet the inclusion criteria and were excluded, with 122 participants finally considered for the data analyses. Objective levels of physical activity were assessed by means of GT3X accelerometers during a PE lesson. The results showed that none of the participants reached the recommended 50% of total PE time at moderate-to-vigorous physical activity level. Most of the students (50.7% males and 72.5% females) accumulated less than 10% of the PE time at moderate-to-vigorous physical activity level. Boys showed higher values of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity than girls (p < .05); however, there were no gender differences in sedentary behavior or light physical activity time (p > .05). Chilean adolescents do not meet the moderate-to-vigorous physical activity recommendations during PE lessons. Different strategies are discussed in order to increase the time spent at moderate-to-vigorous physical activity in PE.

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Barriers and Enablers to Physical Activity Among Older Australians Who Want to Increase Their Physical Activity Levels

Journal of Physical Activity and Health ◽

10.1123/jpah.2012-0096 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 11 (7) ◽

pp. 1420-1429 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Rona Macniven ◽

Victoria Pye ◽

Dafna Merom ◽

Andrew Milat ◽

Claire Monger ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Older Adults ◽

Program Planning ◽

Binary Logistic Regression ◽

Falls Prevention ◽

Activity Levels ◽

Physically Active ◽

Barriers And Enablers ◽

Physical Activity Recommendations ◽

Activity Recommendations

Background:Physical activity interventions targeting older adults are optimized if barriers and enablers are better understood. This study identified barriers and enablers of physical activity and examined whether these were associated with meeting physical activity recommendations.Methods:2225 adults aged 65 years and above who perceived themselves to be insufficiently active but would like to be more physically active self-reported their barriers and enablers to physical activity in the 2009 New South Wales Falls Prevention Survey. Binary logistic regression analyses examined associations between barriers and enablers and meeting the physical activity recommendation.Results:After adjusting for gender, age, BMI, and education, people who listed ill health (52%; OR = 0.56, 95% CI 0.45 to 0.70) as a barrier or who listed people to exercise with (4%; OR = 0.49, 95% CI 0.27 to 0.88) as an enabler had significantly lower odds of meeting recommendations. Those citing too expensive (3%) as a barrier (OR = 2.07, 95% CI 1.11 to 3.87) or who listed nothing will help (29%; OR = 1.40, 95% CI 1.10 to 1.77) and making time to be active (9%; OR = 1.78, 95% CI 1.23 to 2.58) as enablers had significantly higher odds of meeting physical activity recommendations.Conclusions:These findings give insights into older adults’ perceptions of factors that influence their physical activity, which could assist physical activity program planning in this population.

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Do Older Brazilian Women Who Participate in a Regular Physical Exercise Program Have Higher Habitual Physical Activity Levels? A Cross-Sectional Study Based on Accelerometer Data

Journal of Aging and Physical Activity ◽

10.1123/japa.2021-0020 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Kaio Cesar Pinhal ◽

Bruno de Souza Moreira ◽

Renata Alvarenga Vieira ◽

Marcus Alessandro Alcântara ◽

João Marcos Domingues Dias ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Physical Exercise ◽

Older Women ◽

Exercise Program ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Activity Levels ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Physical Activity Recommendations ◽

Regular Physical Exercise ◽

Activity Recommendations

A cross-sectional study was conducted to compare the habitual physical activity level, measured by accelerometry, gait performance, assessed by the GAITRite® system, handgrip strength, and static balance between older Brazilian women who participate (n = 50; 70.7 ± 5.5 years) and do not participate (n = 50; 70.1 ± 5.6 years) in a regular physical exercise program, and to investigate whether participation in a regular exercise program ensures compliance with physical activity recommendations. Older women who participated in a regular physical exercise program had significantly shorter sedentary activity time (effect size [ES] = 0.54), longer moderate activity time (ES = 0.85), and higher energy expenditure (ES = 0.64), number of steps (ES = 0.82), gait speed (ES = 0.49), and step length (ES = 0.45). However, regular participation in an exercise program did not guarantee compliance with physical activity recommendations. Behavioral changes to increase physical activity levels among older women who do and do not participate in a regular exercise program are necessary.

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Which Neighborhood Destinations Matter in the Asian Context? The Role of Destinations in Older Adults’ Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviors

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2020/8432934 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Jong-Hwan Park ◽

Jung-Hoon Park ◽

Seunghwan Song ◽

Ting-Fu Lai ◽

Yung Liao

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Older Adults ◽

Sedentary Behavior ◽

Older Women ◽

Sedentary Time ◽

Older Men ◽

Activity Levels ◽

Sedentary Behaviors ◽

Physical Activity Recommendations ◽

Activity Recommendations

Background. Neighborhood destinations play important roles in daily activity levels of older adults. However, little is known about how specific destinations are associated with these activities and/or sedentary behaviors, especially in Asia. This study investigated how neighborhood destinations were associated with physical activity recommendations and excessive sedentary time among older adults. Methods. A telephone-based survey was conducted to collect cross-sectional data on the sociodemographic variables, residential neighborhoods, physical activities, and sedentary behaviors of 1,040 adults aged 65 years and above. Using data derived from Geographic Information Systems (GIS), an adjusted logistic regression was performed to examine the relationships between five neighborhood destination types (i.e., recreational facilities, utilitarian destinations, transit stops, temples, and schools) and both overall physical activity level and sedentary behavior. Results. Significant interactions related to physical activity and sedentary behavior were observed based on both gender and neighborhood destinations. After adjusting for potential confounders, older men living in neighborhoods containing higher numbers of temples were more likely to achieve physical activity recommendations (OR=1.85; 95% CI: 1.16–2.96). On the other hand, older women living in neighborhoods containing higher numbers of utilitarian destinations were more likely to engage in excessive sedentary time (OR=1.70; 95% CI: 1.12–2.56). Conclusions. In Asia, the presence of favorable local neighborhood temples may support physical activity levels for older men, while utilitarian destinations (which have previously been found to support activeness) may be related to excessive sedentary behaviors in older women.

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