Preliminary Tests to Determine the Influence of Sterilization and Storage on Compressive Strength of Hydroxyapatite Cylinders

1992 ◽  
pp. 491-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Gasser ◽  
W. Müller ◽  
R. Mathys
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
And Storage

scholarly journals Eco-Friendly Fired Brick Produced from Industrial Ash and Natural Clay: A Study of Waste Reuse

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 877 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neslihan Doğan-Sağlamtimur ◽  
Ahmet Bilgil ◽  
Magdalena Szechyńska-Hebda ◽  
Sławomir Parzych ◽  
Marek Hebda
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Unit Weight ◽  
Waste Reuse ◽  
Industrial Solid Waste ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Fired Bricks ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
And Storage

Bottom ash (BA) is an industrial solid waste formed by the burning of coal. The environmental problems and storage costs caused by this waste increase with every passing day. In this study, the use of BA as an additive (clay substitute) in fired brick production was investigated. The study consisted of two stages. In the first stage, cylinder blocks were produced from clay used in brick production. The second stage was the examination of the experimental substitution of clay with 10, 20, 30 and 40% BA. Samples were fired at 900, 1000, 1100 and 1150 °C to produce fired brick samples. The unit weight, compressive strength (before and after freeze–thawing) and water absorption were analyzed for the samples. The unit weight values decreased in the samples containing BA. The mechanical properties met the conditions prescribed in the relevant standards; i.e., all of the samples fired at 1100 and 1150 °C had a sufficient compressive strength over 20 MPa. The high potential of fired bricks for the construction industry was proved. BA can be used as a clay substitute, while the developed protocol can be used to effectively produce fired bricks.

scholarly journals Compressive strength of resin-modified glass ionomer restorative material: effect of P/L ratio and storage time

2005 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 356-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mônica Aratani ◽  
Antônio Carlos Pereira ◽  
Lourenço Correr-Sobrinho ◽  
Mário Alexandre Coelho Sinhoreti ◽  
Simonides Consani
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Storage Time ◽  
Glass Ionomer Cement ◽  
Strength Testing ◽  
Restorative Material ◽  
Glass Ionomer ◽  
Failure Data ◽  
Resin Modified Glass Ionomer ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Ionomer Cement

The aim of this study was to evaluate the compressive strength of resin-modified glass ionomer cement Fuji II LC and Vitremer, in powder/liquid ratios of 1:1, 1:2 and 1:3, at three periods (24 hours, 7 and 28 days) of storage in distilled water at 37ºC. For each material, P/L ratio and storage time, 5 cylindrical specimens were prepared, with 4mm diameter and 6mm height, in silicon moulds. Specimens were light-cured for 40 seconds at each extremity, removed from the moulds and laterally light-cured (perpendicular to long axis) for 40 seconds, protected as recommended by the manufacturers and immersed for the time tested. The specimens were submitted to compressive strength testing in an Instron machine at a crosshead speed of 1.0mm/min until failure. Data were submitted to ANOVA and Tukey's test (5%), and showed that the compressive strength of resin-modified glass ionomer cement was reduced when P/L ratio was reduced and that the storage in water had little influence on compressive strength.

scholarly journals Effect of Moisture Content on the Mechanical Properties of Watermelon Seed Varieties

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 308-320
Author(s):  
Paul Chukwuka EZE ◽  
Eze CHIKAODILI ◽  
Ide PATRICK EJIKE
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Compressive Force ◽  
Deformation Energy ◽  
Vertical Loading ◽  
Watermelon Seed ◽  
Horizontal Loading ◽  
Effect Of Moisture ◽  
And Storage

The effect of moisture content on the mechanical properties of agricultural material is essential during design and adjustment of machines used during harvest, cleaning, separation, handling and storage. This study determined some mechanical properties of Black and Brown colored of watermelon seed grown in Nigeria under different moisture contents range of 6.5 to 27.8% (d.b). The results for the mechanical properties obtained ranged from 15.68-29.54 N for compressive force; 1.95-3.40 mm for compressive extension; 0.13-0.33 N mm-2 for compressive strength; and 0.17-1.93 kJ for deformation energy at vertical loading position while at horizontal loading position, results obtained ranged from 14.71-38.36 N for compressive force; 1.94-4.20 mm for compressive extension; 0.16-0.32 N mm-2 for compressive strength; and 1.47-76.39 kJ for deformation energy for Black colored watermelon seed. The compressive force, compressive extension, compressive strength, deformation energy ranged from 14.18-36.49 N, 1.85-5.20 mm, 0.19 0.76 N mm-2, 26.23-189.75 kJ at vertical loading position and 16.47-41.82 N, 1.68-11.08 mm, 0.34- 0.57 N mm-2, 27.67-319.99 kJ at horizontal loading position for Brown colored watermelon seed. The correlation between the mechanical properties and moisture content was statistically significant at (p≤0.05) level. It is also economical to load Black colored in vertical loading position at 27.8% moisture content and Brown colored in vertical loading position at 27.8% moisture content to reduce energy demand when necessary to crack or compress the seed. This research has generated data that are efficiently enough to design and fabricate processing and storage structures for Black and Brown water melon seeds.

Micro-Silica for High-End Application from Carbon Capture and Storage by Mineralisation

2012 ◽  
Vol 517 ◽  
pp. 737-744 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aimaro Sanna ◽  
Marco Dri ◽  
Xiao Long Wang ◽  
Matthew R. Hall ◽  
Mercedes Maroto-Valer
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Carbon Capture And Storage ◽  
Magnesium Content ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Setting Times ◽  
Initial Setting ◽  
Pozzolanic Properties ◽  
Micro Silica ◽  
And Storage

Waste silica remaining after the Carbon Capture and Storage by Mineral carbonation (CCSM) could represent a potential pozzolan material for partial replacement in concrete. The objective of this work was the production and testing of cement gel cubes with the residual-silica by-product obtained from the accelerated carbonation of Mg-silicate rocks. The silica produced was characterised in terms of its chemical composition, morphology and LOI. Also, the silica was used as an additive to the cement (CEM I class) in order to assess the effect on (28 days) compressive strength in comparison with a cement control specimen. The influence of different cement replacement percentages (5% and 10wt.% silica) were determined by measuring initial setting times and compressive strength. The compressive strength of the cement specimens with 5 and 10wt.% silica as pozzolan replacement of Portland cement were 3% and 8% higher than the control cubes indicating that the residual silica powder may have pozzolanic properties. However, high LOI and magnesium content might represent a limit in high-end applications and further work is required to identify optimised CCSM conditions able to reduce the impurities in the silica by-product and to establish their potential as a pozzolan.

Study of Environmentally Friendly Phosphate-Bonded No-Bake Sand

2012 ◽  
Vol 602-604 ◽  
pp. 1161-1164
Author(s):  
Dan He ◽  
Lu Xia ◽  
Jin Huang ◽  
You Shou Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Phosphate Binder ◽  
Storage Stability ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Sand Sample ◽  
Molding Sand ◽  
New Type ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Addition Amount ◽  
Environment Condition

Regarding dry strength as the index, and considering liftability and storage stability, effects of solidification agent amount and organics N on the property of high neutralization degree phosphate no-bake sand mold/core were studied by modifying the binder coded 32B8M15 and adding solidification agent fused MgO in sand mixing. A new type of compound phosphate binder coded 32B8M15N4 is developed, and results indicate that, at environment condition of below 15°C and 50% RH, the proper solidification agent amount is 5% when using high neutralization degree binder coded 32B8M15N4 (its addition amount is 3%) to make no-bake sand, its molding sand sample has high dry strength and good storage stability, its compressive strength, σ0, σ1, σ2, σ3, σ4 is 2.33 MPa, 2.27 MPa, 2.01 MPa, 2.03 MPa, 2 MPa separately.

Root tissue strength and storage losses of sugar beet varieties as affected by N application and irrigation

2021 ◽  
pp. 30-37
Author(s):  
Christa M. Hoffmann ◽  
Gunnar Kleuker ◽  
André Wauters ◽  
William English ◽  
Martijn Leijdekkers
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Root Tissue ◽  
Wall Material ◽  
Root Tip ◽  
N Application ◽  
Storage Losses ◽  
Damage Susceptibility ◽  
And Storage

There is some evidence that sugar beet root tissue strength affects damage susceptibility and storage losses. This study aimed at analyzing the effect of N application and of irrigation on tissue strength of sugar beet varieties, on root composition, and on root tip breakage and storage losses. For this purpose, field trials in six replicates with three sugar beet varieties were carried out with three N doses in The Netherlands and Belgium in 2018 and 2019, alternatively with three irrigation treatments in Sweden in 2018 and 2019. Results show a low impact of N application and irrigation on puncture resistance, tissue firmness and compressive strength of the roots, while varieties differed always stronger and significantly. Cell wall composition (pectin, hemicellulose, cellulose, lignin) did not differ markedly in roots from different environments (sites, years) and varieties, giving no explanation for differences in tissue strength. However, the percentage of cell wall material (AIR, marc) and of dry matter were higher in roots with higher tissue strength. Root tip breakage and sugar losses during storage tended to be lower when root compressive strength of varieties was higher. Hence, root tissue strength could serve as an indirect selection criterion for reduced damage susceptibility and improved storability of sugar beet varieties.

scholarly journals Performance of self-compacting rubberized concrete

2018 ◽  
Vol 149 ◽  
pp. 01070 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bensaci Hamza ◽  
Menadi Belkacem ◽  
Kenai Said ◽  
Yahiaoui Walid
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Partial Substitution ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Rubberized Concrete ◽  
Rubber Waste ◽  
Waste Tyres ◽  
Hardened State ◽  
Hardened Properties ◽  
And Storage

Used tyre rubber wastes present a serious environmental problem of pollution and storage. The recycling of this waste in the industry of construction could be an appropriate solution to produce an eco-concrete and could contribute to the improvement of some of its properties. This paper aims to study the possibility of using tyre rubber waste as fine aggregate replacement in self-compacting concrete (SCC). Fines rubber particles of 0-2 mm of waste tyres were added SCC mixtures as a partial substitution of the total volume of sand at different percentages (5, 10, 15, 20 and 30%). The influence of fines rubber of used tyres on fresh and hardened properties of the SCC was investigated. The fresh properties of SCC were performed by using slump-flow, T50 flow time, L-box, V-funnel and segregation resistance tests. Characteristics of the hardened state were obtained by compressive strength and thermal conductivity. The experimental results showed that the inclusion of fines rubber in SCC decreases the workability, reduced its passing capacity and increases the possibility of blocking. A decrease in compressive strength is observed with the increase in rubber content. On the other hand, the incorporation of the rubber fines aggregates enhances in a remarkably way the thermal conductivity.

Experimental Research on Compressive Strength and Storage Period for Dry-Mixed Material of Shotcrete

2010 ◽  
Vol 168-170 ◽  
pp. 1501-1505
Author(s):  
Jing Shuang Zhang ◽  
Qin Yong Ma ◽  
Xing Teng Han
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Experimental Research ◽  
Loss Rate ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Engineering Application ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Strength Loss ◽  
Mix Proportion ◽  
And Storage

According to dry-mixed materials of shotcrete which composed of raw materials in mix proportion the concrete quality as field mixing were included. Through the experimental research on the storage period of using dry-mixed materials in shotcrete, variations of compressive strength were obtained. In according with the studies on the storage period of dry-mixed materials in 7d, 11d, 15d, 20d and 28d, compared with 0d, the loss of compressive strength were obtained under different sand water content (0%, 0.5% and 1.0%). The results shown that strength loss rate of C30 concrete was 6.7% when the sand water content was 0.5% in the 28d and while strength loss rate was 12.0% when the sand water content was 1.0%. The studies on storage period provide supports to the using of dry-mixed shotcrete in engineering application.

An Overview of Digital Image Processing and Recognition (Invited Paper)

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 700-702
Author(s):  
R. C. Gonzalez
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
New York ◽  
Digital Image Processing ◽  
Digital Image ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Submarine Cable ◽  
Vigorous Growth ◽  
Digitized Pictures ◽  
Processing Techniques ◽  
And Storage

Interest in digital image processing techniques dates back to the early 1920's, when digitized pictures of world news events were first transmitted by submarine cable between New York and London. Applications of digital image processing concepts, however, did not become widespread until the middle 1960's, when third-generation digital computers began to offer the speed and storage capabilities required for practical implementation of image processing algorithms. Since then, this area has experienced vigorous growth, having been a subject of interdisciplinary research in fields ranging from engineering and computer science to biology, chemistry, and medicine.

Control of Secretory Production in the Isopod Hepatopancreas

1972 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 166-167
Author(s):  
John W. Roberts ◽  
E. R. Witkus
Keyword(s):  
B Cells ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Secretory Product ◽  
Secretory Function ◽  
Secretory Material ◽  
Blind Ending ◽  
Secretory Production ◽  
Regenerative Cells ◽  
Immature Cells ◽  
And Storage

The isopod hepatopancreas, as exemplified by Oniscus ascellus. is comprised of four blind-ending diverticula. The regenerative cells at the tip of each diverticula differentiate into either club-shaped B-cells, which serve a secretory function, or into conoid S-cells, which serve in the absorption and storage of nutrients.The glandular B-cells begin producing secretory material with the development of rough endoplasmic reticulum during their process of maturation from the undifferentiated regenerative cells. Cytochemical and morphological data indicate that the hepatopancreas sequentially produces two types of secretory material within the large club-shaped cells. The production of the carbohydrate-like secretory product in immature cells seems to be phased out as the production of the osmiophilic secretion was phased in as the cell matured.

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