Water Quality in Coastal Zones under Variable Climatic Conditions

1994 ◽  
pp. 267-283
Author(s):  
Jacques Ganoulis ◽  
Lucien Duckstein ◽  
Istvan Bogardi ◽  
Istvan Matyasovszky
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Coastal Zones

Problems and practical experiences during refilling of the Kerspe-Talsperre under unfavourable climatic conditions

1998 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. E. Nienhüser ◽  
P. Braches
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Early Summer ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Oxygen Deficit ◽  
Light Limitation ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Artificial Mixing ◽  
Poor Water Quality ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Practical Experiences

Refilling of the Kerspe-Talsperre reservoir after restoration of the dam caused severe problems in water quality and supply due to a long-lasting ice-cover period and minimal precipitation. Unusually short spring overturn, high algal mass in spring and certainly the overflooding of the sediment, which had not been removed, caused a tremendous oxygen deficit in early summer. The whole hypolimnion turned anoxic and even in the metalimnion oxygen declined to a minimum. Manganese and iron reached high concentrations. Despite the poor water quality, raw water was urgently needed for the water supply and was pumped from the epilimnion during the clear water phase and in July when algal biomass was low. In the middle of August holomixis was induced artificially in order to improve water quality. The decline in algal production during and after artificial mixing was probably caused by light limitation of the algae.

scholarly journals Parasitic Lesions in Fish in the Federal District, Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jair Alves Ferreira Junior ◽  
Saulo Pereira Cardoso ◽  
Nathália Dela-Sávia Da Fonseca ◽  
Karla Alvarenga Nascimento ◽  
Fábio Rodrigues ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Laboratory Diagnosis ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
The Body ◽  
Nutritional Deficiencies ◽  
Small Fish ◽  
Cell Degeneration ◽  
Pathology Laboratory

Background: Brazil has a vast territory and favorable climatic conditions that allow the cultivation of freshwater fish. The intensification of the productive system can cause an imbalance in the aquatic environment as a result of poor water quality, nutritional deficiencies and infectious or parasitic diseases. The laboratory diagnosis and the determination of the prevalence of the main lesions, which occur in a certain region, help to guide towards the etiological diagnosis. This study aimed to describe the main parasitic lesions in fish in the routine at the Veterinary Pathology Laboratory of the Universidade de Brasília. Material, Methods & Results: All records of fish with parasitic lesions were recovered. Those cases in which there was an intralesional parasite and which presented lesions compatible with the parasite were included. The screening of ectoparasites was done by scraping the superficial mucus from the gills and skin. Organ sections were routinely processed for histopathologyand stained with hematoxylin-eosin (HE). In some records, parasitological identification was carried. The information was divided into the species of the affected fish, epidemiology of the outbreak (water quality, temperature, type of breeding), lesion distribution, etiology and macroscopic and microscopic changes. The resulting data was organized in absolute frequency and percentage. In this study, 22 cases were counted, between individual deaths and outbreaks, totaling 83 necropsied teleost fish.Inflammatory changes of parasitic origin were seen in 13/22 (59%) of the cases had lesions of parasitic origin. Skin lesions and gills were the most relevant. Macroscopically, red areas or spots of hyperemia or hemorrhage on the body surface were the most prevalent findings. Under microscopy, proliferative gill inflammation was the most relevant diagnosis. Pscinoodinium pilullare (Dinoflagellida), Ichthyophthirius multifiliis (Ciliophora), and monogenetic worms (Monogenea) were the main parasites found. Trichodina sp. (Ciliophora), Ichtyobodo sp. (Kinetoplastida), Amoebas, and Chilodonella sp. (Ciliophora), were seen in fewer numbers. An unusual case suggestive of parasitism by Eustrongylides sp. (Nematoda), in a pirá-brasília (Simpsonichthys boitonei), specimen has been recorded.Discussion: The diagnoses were based on epidemiology, anatomopathological and parasitological findings. The most frequent and significantly lethal lesion in the study was proliferative and / or hyperplastic branchitis. Proliferative branchitis with lamellar epithelial hyperplasia (LEH) is a response to some type of chemical or mechanical injury to the gill epithelium in order to protect the capillaries from further damage or microbial penetration. However, it also increases the diffusion distance between capillaries and the environment and, therefore, hinders breathing, excretory and osmoregulatory functions. Protozoan infections and monogenetic worms in general generated LEH and skin lesions of mechanical origin. Secondary bacterial infection, were observed in this parasitosis determining the cause of death of the fish. Its pathogenicity comes from the lesions caused by the colonization and histophagy of the epithelial surfaces, mainly gills and skin, causing epithelial proliferation, lamellar cell fusion, epithelial cell degeneration and necrosis forming several ulcers in the epithelium after the release of mature trophies. The pathogenesis of parasitism by Eustrongylides spp. is considerable when there is a large quantity of these larvae that can cause intestinal obstruction, rupture and compression of viscera, of greater importance in small fish. The main parasites of necropsied fish were protozoa and monogenetic worms, which mainly cause branquitis and dermatitis in varying grades.

scholarly journals Studies on Groundwater Problems in an Area Subjected to Sea Water Ingression and Seepage Into Groundwater in Karaikal District Using GIS

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3.10) ◽  
pp. 150
Author(s):  
T Subramani ◽  
P Krishnan
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Submarine Groundwater Discharge ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Groundwater Discharge ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Coastal Zones ◽  
Fresh Groundwater ◽  
Submarine Groundwater ◽  
Pumping Rates

Fresh groundwater quality and accessibility in coastal zones is influenced via seawater interruption into coastal aquifers, and coastal water quality and biological community status might be altogether influenced by groundwater pollutants that are transported into coastal waters by submarine groundwater discharge (SGD). SGD and its pertinent evaluation as one associating part  among the different principle local pathways of freshwater and tracer/poison contributions from land to sea and the coordinated framework working of both and as primary segments of the same coastal groundwater framework. An elective technique might be to control seawater interruption through fake groundwater revive, for example by adequately treated wastewater, which may impressively decrease long haul patterns of saltiness increment in pumped groundwater, notwithstanding for little simulated energize rates contrasted with pumping rates. Both the outside sources and the interior wellsprings of water seepage might be distinguished via doing infrared thermo-realistic assessments subsequent to directing water snugness tests, flooding tests or pressure driven tests as suitable. A contextual investigation was led to discover the examinations on groundwater issues in a region subjected to sea water ingression and seepage into groundwater in Karaikal   

Annual hysteresis of water quality: A method to analyse the effect of intra- and inter-annual climatic conditions

2013 ◽  
Vol 478 ◽  
pp. 29-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice Helene Aubert ◽  
Chantal Gascuel-Odoux ◽  
Philippe Merot
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Climatic Conditions

scholarly journals A Short Verification of the Quality of Irrigation Water in the Tea-growing Districts of South India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Palanivel Murugesan ◽  
Jaganathan Anitha ◽  
Rajendran Selvakumar
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
South India ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Southern States ◽  
Agricultural Applications ◽  
Tea Production

Background: Variations in climatic conditions, irrigation facility and insect/pest management have brought about a massive impact on tea production. Among these the quality of the irrigation water and atmosphere related uncertainties were minimizing the tea production in right quantity and quality. The water utilized for irrigation systems can vary in quality depending on the nature and amount of dissolved salts. Minerals get dissolved into the irrigation water from various sources. They start from the disintegration of the stones and soil, including the decay of lime, gypsum and others broken up soil minerals. Salts go along with the water to the place wherever it is to being utilized. On account of the evaporation and filtration by sand particles, the salts present in the irrigation water get concentrated when the crop consumes water. Methods: Quality of the irrigation water was checked by assessing the pH, electrical conductivity, cations (Na+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+) and anions (Cl-, HCO3-, CO32-). For evaluating the irrigation water quality and there are seven irrigation water samples collected from seven tea planting districts (Valparai- Tamil Nadu, Coonoor - Tamil Nadu, Gudalur - Tamil Nadu, Wayanad - Kerala, Munnar - Kerala, Vandiperiyar - Kerala, Koppa - Karnataka) in the southern states of India. Result: After evaluations of water quality from various techniques indicated that the water in tea growing locations of the southern states of India is chemically sufficient for agricultural applications.

scholarly journals Comparing the efficiency of hypoxia mitigation strategies in an urban, turbid tidal river via a coupled hydro-sedimentary–biogeochemical model

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (11) ◽  
pp. 2551-2564
Author(s):  
Katixa Lajaunie-Salla ◽  
Aldo Sottolichio ◽  
Sabine Schmidt ◽  
Xavier Litrico ◽  
Guillaume Binet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
River Flow ◽  
Water Discharge ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Tidal River ◽  
Biogeochemical Model ◽  
Management Actions ◽  
The City ◽  
D Model

Abstract. Coastal-water hypoxia is increasing globally due to global warming and urbanization, and the need to define management solutions to improve the water quality of coastal ecosystems has become important. The lower tidal Garonne River (TGR; southwestern France), characterized by the seasonal presence of a turbidity maximum zone (TMZ) and urban water discharge, is subject to episodic hypoxia events during low river flow periods in the summer. Future climatic conditions (higher temperature and summer droughts) and increasing urbanization could enhance hypoxia risks near the city of Bordeaux in the coming decades. A 3-D model of dissolved oxygen (DO) that couples hydrodynamics, sediment transport and biogeochemical processes was used to assess the efficiency of different management solutions for oxygenation of the TGR during summer low-discharge periods. We ran different scenarios of reductions in urban sewage overflows, displacement of urban discharges downstream from Bordeaux and/or temporary river flow support during the summer period. The model shows that each option mitigates hypoxia, but with variable efficiency over time and space. Sewage overflow reduction improves DO levels only locally near the city of Bordeaux. Downstream relocation of wastewater discharges allows for better oxygenation levels in the lower TGR. The support of low river flow limits the upstream TMZ propagation and dilutes the TGR water with well-oxygenated river water. Scenarios combining wastewater network management and low-water replenishment indicate an improvement in water quality over the entire TGR. These modelling outcomes constitute important tools for local water authorities to develop the most appropriate strategies to limit hypoxia in the TGR.Highlights. A 3-D model shows different efficiencies of management actions to limit hypoxia. Downstream relocation of wastewater discharge totally mitigates hypoxia. Sewage overflow reduction improves DO levels but only locally. Water replenishment improves DO in the upper estuary.

THE MANAGEMENT OF HYDROMETEOROLOGICAL RISKS IN SOCIO-ECONOMIC SYSTEMS OF COASTAL AREAS

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evgeniy Istomin ◽  
Evgeniy Istomin ◽  
Alexander Sokolov ◽  
Alexander Sokolov ◽  
Anna Fokicheva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Organization ◽  
Coastal Zone Management ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Economic Systems ◽  
Coastal Zones ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Time Dimension ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Zone Management

The article considers the problems of functioning and development of complex socio-economic systems of coastal areas in unstable weather-climatic conditions. It is known that the characteristics of the spatial organization of economy of coastal zones are defined industrial and trade specialization and tourism potential of the area It is shown that socio-economic systems are subject to a number of factors, including weather and climatic conditions, which can have both positive and negative effects on economic potential. development of the coastal areas. The density distribution and the economic activities should be considered. The classification of risks of socio - economic systems of coastal areas, due to the influence of hydrometeorological conditions are described. The need to incorporate the tasks of risk management function and the development of spatial distributed systems in the concept of integrated coastal zone management is justified. The model of management of hydrometeorological risks in the system "territory - economy - natural environment" in the space-time dimension is developed. Proposed methods of solving the problems of functioning and development of complex socio-economic systems are based on complex research carried out by the authors.

Use of bank filtration systems in the sub-tropical region of the lower Brahmaputra valley

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Medalson Ronghang ◽  
Pranjal Barman ◽  
Hemantajeet Medhi ◽  
Kamal Kumar Brahma ◽  
Arup Kumar Misra
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Iron Concentration ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Tropical Region ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Bank Filtration ◽  
River Bank ◽  
Well Yield ◽  
Aquifer Characteristics

Abstract River bank filtration (RBF) is a natural method of obtaining surface water from a river or lake via the sub-surface for domestic use. It has been intensively used worldwide to augment water supply systems for sustainability and can be operated under various conditions. Its energy requirements are comparatively lower than those of conventional water treatment systems. Field investigations were carried out at various locations in Kokrajhar district of Assam, India to assess groundwater quality and aquifer characteristics. The results suggest that major water quality parameters were within the Indian drinking water standards. The iron concentration exceeded the permissible maximum in more than 50% of samples from hand pumps, its concentration ranging between 0.33 and 3.50 mg/L. The pH was mostly in the range 5.4 to 7.4, suggesting that the water is slightly acidic. Aquifer and riverbed material collected along the banks of the Gaurang River were sieved, and classified as coarse silt to fine gravel, with gravel and sand predominant. The hydraulic conductivity, determined from the grain size distributions, were between 5 × 10−3 and 1.4 × 10−2 m/s, suggesting good aquifer permeability. The maximum safe well yield was estimated at 2,000 to 7,500 L/min, and the mean travel time at less than a week during the monsoon and more than 3 years under non-monsoon conditions. The aim of this paper is to demonstrate the RBF method for treating river water naturally under wet climatic conditions. The lower Brahmaputra basin is a unique physiographic setting with a powerful monsoon regime and a fragile geological base. The approach was to prepare a comparative study of water quality and aquifer characteristics with the present site and few active RBF sites.

Climatic conditions and the resilience of buildings along Lagos coastline

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olajide Julius Faremi ◽  
Oluranti Olupolola Ajayi ◽  
Kudirat Ibilola Zakariyyah ◽  
Olumide Afolarin Adenuga
Keyword(s):  
Steel Corrosion ◽  
Extreme Rainfall ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Coastal Zones ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Prevalence Index ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type

PurposeThe study investigates the extent to which defects in coastline buildings are influenced by the climatic conditions within the coastal zones.Design/methodology/approachThe study conducted both desk study and field survey. The primary data for the study were collected through a cross-sectional survey of facilities and maintenance managers of randomly selected coastline buildings. Of the 120 self-administered structured questionnaires, 102 were successfully retrieved representing an 85% response rate. Data collected were analysed using charts, relative prevalence index and Spearman's rho correlation visualization technique.FindingsSaltwater intrusion, ocean overflow, extreme rainfall, debris flow, floods and droughts are the prevalent climatic conditions along the coastline. Steel corrosion, foundation settlement, spalling of concrete and fading of finishes are prevalent defects in coastline buildings. The result shows a positive significant correlation between climatic conditions and defects in coastline buildings.Research limitations/implicationsThe study compliments literature on buildings resilience and maintenance management, and also provides a basis for streamlining future research on coastline buildings.Practical implicationsThe results provide information on climatic conditions and prevalent defects that should be considered during the design and construction of coastline buildings. The information provided could assist construction stakeholders in improving the resilience of coastline buildings.Originality/valueThe study established that coastline buildings are vulnerable to a rapid rate of defect and deterioration which threatens the sustainability of coastline cities. It suggests measures that could improve the resilience of the elements and components of coastline buildings and consequently enhance the safety of life and property, and improve the physical and economic performance of coastline buildings.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document