Assessing the potential yield of tropical crops: role of field experimentation and simulation

1997 ◽  
pp. 101-112
Author(s):  
R. C. Muchow ◽  
M. J. Kropff
Keyword(s):  
Potential Yield ◽  
Tropical Crops ◽  
Field Experimentation

scholarly journals Prediction of potential and attainable yield of wheat : A case study on yield gap

MAUSAM ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-52
Author(s):  
R. K. MALL ◽  
M. K. SRIVASTAVA
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Models ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Yield Gap ◽  
Potential Yield ◽  
Potential Productivity ◽  
Field Experimentation ◽  
Attainable Yield

This study reports the role of field experimentation and system simulation in better quantifying the productivity of wheat crop, and examine how knowledge on potential productivity can improve the efficiency of the production system. When knowledge from field experimentation is utilised into crop weather simulation models, gap between actual, attainable and potential yield for a given environment can be determined and opportunities for yield improvement can be assessed. Results show that while actual district average yields show increasing trend, decreasing trend is noticed in potential and attainable yield. While the total and management yield gap is decreasing over time, research yield gap does not show any trend, it is nearly stagnant from early eighties to late nineties. The study reported here presents the advantage of simulation models to determine the yield gap against a variable annual yield potential for a agro-climatic region.

scholarly journals Plant Yield Efficiency by Homeostasis as Selection Tool at Ultra-Low Density. A Comparative Study with Common Stability Measures in Maize

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1203
Author(s):  
Evaggelia Sinapidou ◽  
Chrysanthi Pankou ◽  
Fotakis Gekas ◽  
Iosif Sistanis ◽  
Constantinos Tzantarmas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Density ◽  
Phenotypic Expression ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Potential Yield ◽  
Plant Yield ◽  
Yield Efficiency ◽  
Parametric Statistics ◽  
Resource Deficit ◽  
Field Experimentation

The study pertains to field experimentation testing seven maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids at four densities, across five locations under normal (NIR) and low-input (LIR) regimes. The main objective was to assess the prognostic value of plant yield efficiency by homeostasis (PYEH) for breeding purposes at ultra-low plant density to predict hybrid yield potential and stability. PYEH comprises plant yield efficiency (PYE) that reflects the ability of individual plants to exploit resources, and plant yield homeostasis (PYH) that indicates the crop’s ability to evade acquired plant-to-plant variability. The same hybrids were also evaluated for stability by commonly used parametric and non-parametric statistics based on data at low (LCD) and high crop densities (HCD). Hybrid stability focused on potential yield loss due to erratic optimum density (OD). Most methods produced conflicting results regarding hybrid ranking for yield and stability especially at LCD. In contrast, PYEH consistently highlighted high-yielding and stable hybrids, potentially able to reach the attainable crop yield (ACY) inter-seasonally irrespective of crop spacing. Low density is common practice under resource-deficit conditions, so crop adaptation to crop spacing is a viable option to overcome erratic OD that constitutes a root source of crop instability in rainfed maize. The results were further supportive of breeding at ultra-low density to facilitate the identification and selection of superior genotypes, since such conditions promote phenotypic expression and differentiation, and ensure repeatability across diverse environments.

Field Experiments and Natural Experiments

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan S. Gerber ◽  
Donald P. Green
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Observational Research ◽  
Natural Experiments ◽  
Methodological Issues ◽  
Political Methodology ◽  
Field Experimentation ◽  
The Many

This article evaluates the strengths and limitations of field experimentation. It first defines field experimentation and describes the many forms that field experiments take. It also interprets the growth and development of field experimentation. It then discusses why experiments are valuable for causal inference. The assumptions of experimental and nonexperimental inference are distinguished, noting that the value accorded to observational research is often inflated by misleading reporting conventions. The article elaborates on the study of natural experiments and discontinuities as alternatives to both randomized interventions and conventional nonexperimental research. Finally, it outlines a list of methodological issues that arise commonly in connection with experimental design and analysis: the role of covariates, planned vs. unplanned comparisons, and extrapolation. It concludes by dealing with the ways in which field experimentation is reshaping the field of political methodology.

Studi Diagnostik Tingkat Penerapan Kultur Teknis Kelapa Sawit Dalam Upaya Peningkatan Kesejahteraan Pekebun Sawit Swadaya: Studi Kasus Kabupaten Padang Lawas Utara

Inovasi ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-103
Author(s):  
Zulfi Prima Sani Nasution
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Access To Finance ◽  
Potential Yield ◽  
Farmer Organizations ◽  
Actual Yield ◽  
Fresh Fruit Bunches ◽  
Standard Practices ◽  
North Sumatra

In line with the growth of independent smallholders, efforts to increase their productivity and sustainability are now a concern for policymakers. The main obstacle faced by independent smallholders is the low yield, as experienced by independent smallholders in North Padang Lawas District, North Sumatra. This study aimed to determine the current conditions of oil palm cultivation practices and develop policy recommendations to increase oil palm yield in North Padang Lawas District. The study was carried out through surveys and in-depth interviews involving 40 independent smallholders spread across the sub-district of Padang Bolak, Portibi, Halongonan, and Halongonan Timur. The results showed that lack of knowledge about oil palm legitimate seeds and standard practices of oil palm cultivation had caused the actual yield was only half of the potential yield of land suitability S3, especially for independent smallholders in the sub-district of Padang Bolak, Portibi, and Halongonan Timur. In addition, the process of selling fresh fruit bunches (FFB) that were not managed through farmer organizations (groups or cooperatives) caused a long chain of FFB marketing, thereby reducing the smallholder's income. Limited access to finance from banks burdened smallholders in implementing standard practices of oil palm cultivation, especially fertilization. Strengthening the role of local governments, banks and plantation companies are expected to change the mindset of smallholders regarding the importance of using legitimate oil palm seeds, adopting the best practices of oil palm cultivation, opening access to finance, and strengthening smallholders institutions so that the welfare and sustainability of independent smallholders in North Padang Lawas District can be realized soon.

POTATO PRODUCTIVITY OF DIFFERENT GROUPS OF RIPENESS, DEPENDING ON METHODS OF AGRO-MACHINERY CULTIVATION ON GRAY FOREST SOILS OF THE MIDDLE VOLGA STEPPE

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 102-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Чекмарев ◽  
Petr Chekmarev ◽  
Гареев ◽  
Ilgiz Gareev ◽  
Владимиров ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Soils ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Potential Yield ◽  
Potential Productivity ◽  
Gray Forest Soils ◽  
Crop Varieties ◽  
Tuber Crop ◽  
Middle Volga ◽  
High Yielding Varieties

Realization of the potential yield of potatoes at the level of 30-40 t / ha of tubers in a forest of the Middle Volga is only possible when using high-yielding varieties for planting, as well as science-based agricultural technology of their cultivation. We examined the role of area and balance of mineral nutrition in the formation of the potato harvest of two maturity groups: early maturing Vineta and medium-maturing Kurazh on gray forest soils. In the course of our research we found that these varieties are highly productive and to create optimal conditions for the background and the area of power plants in the Middle Volga steppe realizes its potential productivity. The possibility of producing tuber crop varieties was determined: Vineta 30-35 ton per hectare, Courage - 35-40 tons per hectart.

scholarly journals Phytoconstituents in the Management of Pesticide Induced Parkinson’s Disease- A Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 1417-1424
Author(s):  
Manasa K ◽  
Chitra V
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Aldehyde Dehydrogenase ◽  
Chronic Exposure ◽  
Agricultural Fields ◽  
Pathological Changes ◽  
Land Area ◽  
Tropical Crops ◽  
Dehydrogenase Enzyme

Recent studies have suggested that environmental factors have a crucial role in triggering and/ or propagating the pathological changes in Parkinson’s disease (PD). Although many studies have been and being performed by utilizing MPTP like chemicals to study the effectiveness of new extracts and compounds in PD, a little focus was made on the role of pesticides. Since agricultural fields account for 37.7% of land area worldwide and the use of pesticides is an important risk factor in neurodegeneration, there is a crucial need to focus on the association between pesticides and PD. Benomyl, a benzimidazole fungicide is being widely used in India in cultivation of tropical crops. Studies prove the chronic exposure of benomyl leads to aldehyde dehydrogenase inhibition caused DOPAL toxicity, subsequently leading to dopamine degradation and Parkinson’s disease. Till date, there is no remedy for pesticide induced Parkinson’s disease. This review provides an insight of the pathophysiological aspects of pesticide induced Parkinson’s disease and also enlightens the importance of aldehyde dehydrogenase enzyme in neuroprotection.

scholarly journals Principles and Prescriptions for Improved Experimentation in Precipitation Augmentation Research

1986 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 155-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
John A. Flueck
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Effect ◽  
Conceptual Models ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Treatment Selection ◽  
Easy Task ◽  
Treatment Effect Models ◽  
Field Experimentation ◽  
Treatment Design

Abstract Proper field experimentation in precipitation augmentation, or virtually any other topic, is not an easy task. Some general research considerations, i.e., the objectives of research, the quest for believability, and the two principal types of field studies, are discussed. The anatomy and stages of life of an experiment are presented, and the three levels or classes of an experiment (i.e., preliminary, exploratory, and confirmatory) are depicted. A number of prescriptions for improved experimentation are offered in regard to conceptual models, treatment design, treatment selection and allocation, treatment effect models, and analyses for treatment effects. Lastly, a few comments are appended on the role of statisticians in quality field research efforts. When the well's dry, we know the worth of water. Ben Franklin, 1758 Poor Richard's Almanack

Role of dactinomycin in the improved survival of children with Wilms' tumor

JAMA ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 195 (12) ◽  
pp. 1005-1009 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Fernbach
Keyword(s):  
Wilms Tumor

Role of the allergist in diagnosis and management of patients with uveitis

JAMA ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 195 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. E. Van Metre
Keyword(s):  
Diagnosis And Management
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