Application of Agroecological Crop Protection to Vegetable Crops: The GAMOUR Experience

2017 ◽  
pp. 47-75
Author(s):  
Jean-Philippe Deguine ◽  
Toulassi Nurbel ◽  
Caroline Gloanec ◽  
Philippe Laurent
Keyword(s):  
Crop Protection ◽  
Vegetable Crops

Calneem: A commercial neem seed-based biopesticide for sustainable management of pests of vegetables in Ghana

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 140-147
Author(s):  
D. Obeng-Ofori
Keyword(s):  
Insect Pests ◽  
Crop Protection ◽  
Agricultural Activity ◽  
Vegetable Production ◽  
Neem Seed ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Widespread Application ◽  
Practical Utilization ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Environmentally Sound

The production of vegetable crops is a major agricultural activity of small and medium-scale farmers in Ghana and has a greatpotential to increase the income levels growers. However, vegetable production is constrained among other factors by attackby insect pests, diseases, nematodes and the declining soil fertility, necessitating the use of pesticides and artificial fertilizers.Currently, the main method of controlling pests and diseases of vegetable crops is the use of synthetic pesticides. This paperexamines the environmental, food safety, health and other problems inherent in the dependency on conventional pesticidesto control crop pests in Ghana and advocates the need to develop a sustainable and environmentally sound alternative pestmanagement strategy using neem pesticides as the major component. Native to India and Burma, the neem tree, Azadirachataindica A. Juss was introduced to Africa earlier this century and is now well established in at least 78 countries, including Ghanawhere it has become an important source of fuel, lumber and biopesticides. Neem products are broad spectrum bio-pesticideswhich are effective against several pests of vegetables, food crops, fruit and other tree crops. Using the results of extensive fieldtrials conducted in two locations in the Greater Accra Region of Ghana, the paper would demonstrate the practical utilization ofCalneem oil and Neem seed extract for sustainable protection of okra and cucumber against pest infestation in Ghana. It wouldalso show that neem pesticides are less harmful to some beneficial organisms in the vegetable agro-ecosystem such as certain antspecies, lady bird beetles, dragon flies and other predators. Practical challenges to widespread application of neem bio-pesticidesfor sustainable crop protection in Ghana are discussed.

scholarly journals Influence of growth regulators on the yield and quality of potatoes.

2021 ◽  
pp. 62-72
Author(s):  
A. F. Petrov ◽  
R. R. Galeev ◽  
N. V. Gavrilets ◽  
A. V. Pastukhova ◽  
I. V. Karhardin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Potato Crop ◽  
Crop Protection ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Potato Production ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Crop Capacity

The potato is one of the most versatile, accessible and at the same time widespread vegetable crops of the globe, and in particular of the Russian Federation. Today notable can be imagined without it. But despite the plasticity of the potato crop, there are still “white spots” in its production. With late and even return spring and early autumn frosts, the climatic features of Siberia significantly affect the crop’s growing season, preventing it from realising its full potential. Like that of many other crops, potato production is associated with seasonality, and there are often significant losses during cultivation and especially during storage. An important challenge is to protect plants during growth and development by applying innovative, environmentally friendly crop protection and stimulation products. Organomineral growth and development regulators were particularly popular. In the work schemes of application of perspective, organomineral growth regulators in conditions of forest-steppe of Western Siberia were tested and perfected. Their influence on the primary phases of growth and development of potatoes and their maturity, and their influence on biometrical parameters of plants, a phytosanitary condition of crops, a crop capacity, and its safety are established. On average, under the influence of growth regulators Epin-Extra and Zircon, the growing season is shortened by 3-5 days; the spread of diseases is reduced by 1.5-2 times; the yield increases to 8.3 tons per hectare. These studies are confirmed by the calculation of economic efficiency. Thus, the use of these growth regulators provides the level of profitability of production up to 252%.

scholarly journals Perception of unrelated microbe-associated molecular patterns triggers conserved yet variable physiological and transcriptional changes in Brassica rapa ssp. pekinensis

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wanhui Kim ◽  
Maxim Prokchorchik ◽  
Yonghua Tian ◽  
Seulgi Kim ◽  
Hyelim Jeon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Brassica Rapa ◽  
Crop Protection ◽  
Elongation Factor ◽  
Resistance Breeding ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Fungal Cell ◽  
Microbial Invasion ◽  
Transcriptional Changes ◽  
Molecular Patterns

Abstract Pattern-triggered immunity (PTI) includes the different transcriptional and physiological responses that enable plants to ward off microbial invasion. Surface-localized pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) recognize conserved microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) and initiate a branched signaling cascade that culminate in an effective restriction of pathogen growth. In the model species Arabidopsis thaliana, early PTI events triggered by different PRRs are broadly conserved although their nature or intensity is dependent on the origin and features of the detected MAMP. In order to provide a functional basis for disease resistance in leafy vegetable crops, we surveyed the conservation of PTI events in Brassica rapa ssp. pekinensis. We identified the PRR homologs present in B. rapa genome and found that only one of the two copies of the bacterial Elongation factor-Tu receptor (EFR) might function. We also characterized the extent and unexpected specificity of the transcriptional changes occurring when B. rapa seedlings are treated with two unrelated MAMPs, the bacterial flagellin flg22 peptide and the fungal cell wall component chitin. Finally, using a MAMP-induced protection assay, we could show that bacterial and fungal MAMPs elicit a robust immunity in B. rapa, despite significant differences in the kinetic and amplitude of the early signaling events. Our data support the relevance of PTI for crop protection and highlight specific functional target for disease resistance breeding in Brassica crops.

Biopesticide Potentialities of Eagle Fern (Pteridium aquilinum) and Ricin (Ricinus communis) in the Protection of Vegetables Crops

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Carine Mala ◽  
Sevilor Kekeunou ◽  
Nadia Djoukouo ◽  
Zofou Denis ◽  
Jean Paul Olina Bassala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Castor Oil ◽  
Raphanus Sativus ◽  
Ricinus Communis ◽  
Crop Protection ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Solanum Nigrum ◽  
Pteridium Aquilinum ◽  
Physical Aspect ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Direct Observations

Introduction: Pesticides commonly used in crop protection are serious causes of ecological and sanitary disorders. Aims: This present work investigates the biopesticide properties of Pteridium auquilinum and Ricinus communis in the protection of three vegetable crops Lactuca sativa, Solanum nigrum and Raphanus sativus. Place and Duration of Study: The experimental tests were conducted on the site of BIONATURE (Bafoussam, Cameroon) from 24 June to 30 August 2017. Methodology: Four types of preparations were made and bioefficacy tests consisted of contact treatments. Direct observations on the physical aspect of the plant, agronomic measurements, and pathology monitoring were carried out. Results: The results show that the fermentation of the fern is complete after 5 days versus 8 days for the castor. The aqueous extracts of fern have insect repellent, insecticidal and fungicidal properties. Diluted maceration of fern (88.75%) was more efficient than the pure maceration (68%). Conclusion: Manure and castor oil have insecticidal and repellent properties. The monitoring of pathologies after treatment reveals that castor oil is more effective than fern manure in control of gray rots and Tip burn attacks.

Identifying Natural Products (NPs) as potential UPR inhibitors for crop protection

Planta Medica ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 81 (S 01) ◽  
pp. S1-S381 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Bruguière ◽  
AM Le Ray ◽  
D Bréard ◽  
N Blon ◽  
N Bataillé ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Crop Protection

Thermal/electric energy generation and CO2 production for greenhouse facilities

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 141-151
Author(s):  
O. E. Gnezdova ◽  
E. S. Chugunkova
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Power Distribution ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Injection ◽  
Electricity Rates ◽  
Traditional Patterns ◽  
Generation Power

Introduction: greenhouses need microclimate control systems to grow agricultural crops. The method of carbon dioxide injection, which is currently used by agricultural companies, causes particular problems. Co-generation power plants may boost the greenhouse efficiency, as they are capable of producing electric energy, heat and cold, as well as carbon dioxide designated for greenhouse plants.Methods: the co-authors provide their estimates of the future gas/electricity rates growth in the short term; they have made a breakdown of the costs of greenhouse products, and they have also compiled the diagrams describing electricity consumption in case of traditional and non-traditional patterns of power supply; they also provide a power distribution pattern typical for greenhouse businesses, as well as the structure and the principle of operation of a co-generation unit used by a greenhouse facility.Results and discussion: the co-authors highlight the strengths of co-generation units used by greenhouse facilities. They have also identified the biological features of carbon dioxide generation and consumption, and they have listed the consequences of using carbon dioxide to enrich vegetable crops.Conclusion: the co-authors have formulated the expediency of using co-generation power plants as part of power generation facilities that serve greenhouses.

Bok Choy, an Asian Leafy Green Vegetable Emerging in Florida

EDIS ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (6) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Hai Liu ◽  
Guodong Liu
Keyword(s):  
Graduate Students ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Extension Agents ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Green Vegetable ◽  
General Overview

Asian vegetable crops are rapidly expanding in Florida in the last decade due to their health benefits combined with their high profitability. These crops can help increase vegetable growers’ income and diversify Florida’s crop production, and they are new to most Floridians. This new 5-page article provides a general overview of bok choy for vegetable growers, crop consultants, certified crop advisors, Extension agents, and graduate students. Written by Hai Liu and Guodong Liu and published by the UF/IFAS Horticultural Sciences Department.https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/hs1337

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