Size-Dependent Removal Efficiency of Mechanical Ventilation System with Air Filtration Unit for Nanoparticles

2020 ◽  
pp. 403-409
Author(s):  
Chen Chen ◽  
Bin Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Ventilation System ◽  
Air Filtration ◽  
Size Dependent ◽  
Filtration Unit

scholarly journals Awareness of aerosol-related transmission of COVID-19 among the dentists of Nepal

BDJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nashib Pandey ◽  
Buddha Bahadur Basnet ◽  
Sushmit Koju ◽  
Anju Khapung ◽  
Alka Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Emergency Services ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Ventilation System ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Air Filtration ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Dental Practitioners

Abstract Objective To access the awareness of dental practitioners of Nepal towards COVID-19 transmission through aerosols. Materials and methods The study involved 384 dentists from all over Nepal and was conducted for a period of 3 months. A self-reported online questionnaire was developed using Google forms and the link was shared. It emphasized the awareness related to the aerosol and ventilation system in their daily practices was prepared. The data were analyzed in Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 20.0 software. Results The majority of participants were female 52.9% (n = 203) and within the age groups of <30 years 57% (n = 219). Participants from Bagmati Province were 60.4% (n = 232), with least from Sudurpaschim Province 0.5% (n = 2). 60% of participants provided only emergency services during the COVID-19 pandemic and few (7%) provided consultations via telephone. The current ventilation system used was a well-ventilated room with open windows 65.4% (n = 251). However, 52.8% (n = 203) preferred specialized operatory incorporating high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filters and ultraviolet (UV) light. More than 60% of respondents were unaware of the particle size of the aerosol. Conclusions The obtained results signify the need for the proper ventilation system with appropriate air filtration systems in dental clinical setups.

scholarly journals Effect of Mechanical Ventilation on Accidental Hydrogen Releases—Large-Scale Experiments

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 3008
Author(s):  
Agnieszka W. Lach ◽  
André V. Gaathaug
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Mass Flow ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Ventilation System ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
Forced Ventilation ◽  
British Standard ◽  
Confined Spaces ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
Rate Limit

This paper presents a series of experiments on the effectiveness of existing mechanical ventilation systems during accidental hydrogen releases in confined spaces, such as underground garages. The purpose was to find the mass flow rate limit, hence the TPRD diameter limit, that will not require a change in the ventilation system. The experiments were performed in a 40 ft ISO container in Norway, and hydrogen gas was used in all experiments. The forced ventilation system was installed with a standard 315 mm diameter outlet. The ventilation parameters during the investigation were British Standard with 10 ACH and British Standard with 6 ACH. The hydrogen releases were obtained through 0.5 mm and 1 mm nozzles from different hydrogen reservoir pressures. Both types of mass flow, constant and blowdown, were included in the experimental matrix. The analysis of the hydrogen concentration of the created hydrogen cloud in the container shows the influence of the forced ventilation on hydrogen releases, together with TPRD diameter and reservoir pressure. The generated experimental data will be used to validate a CFD model in the next step.

scholarly journals Self-contained ventilation system of civil buildings built into window structures

2018 ◽  
Vol 196 ◽  
pp. 02007
Author(s):  
Arman Kostuganov ◽  
Yuri Vytchikov ◽  
Andrey Prilepskiy
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Thermal Protection ◽  
Ventilation System ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Building Construction ◽  
Labor Input ◽  
Building Envelopes ◽  
Extra Space ◽  
Research Stage ◽  
Ventilation Systems

The article describes development and application of self-contained ventilation systems in civil buildings. It suggests several models of air exchange within the building, compares these models and points out the variant of ventilating with self-contained mechanical systems with utilization of heat. The researchers conclude that structurally self-contained systems of mechanical ventilation with utilization of heat are most efficiently built into window constructions. This installation variant makes it possible to keep the interior, avoid building construction strengthening, shorten time and labor input of construction-assembling works, allow rational use of the vertical building envelopes area without extra space using. The paper key issue is the development of constructive solutions of self-contained ventilation systems main elements to ensure the possibility of their use in window structures. This research stage was developed with account of previous results of field tests and of such ventilation systems theoretical descriptions. The authors assess limit dimensions of the systems suitable for installment into window constructions of civil buildings in the view of modern Russian requirements to thermal protection. The research suggests a general constructive solution of such a ventilation system and a heat exchanger model which can be used as an air heat utilizer in these systems.

scholarly journals A Novel Method to Evaluate Patient-Ventilator Synchrony during Mechanical Ventilation

Complexity ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Liming Hao ◽  
Shuai Ren ◽  
Yan Shi ◽  
Na Wang ◽  
Yixuan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Ventilation System ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Evaluation Indexes ◽  
Response Parameter ◽  
System A ◽  
Clinical Strategies ◽  
The Future ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Ventilator Synchrony

The synchrony of patient-ventilator interaction affects the process of mechanical ventilation which is clinically applied for respiratory support. The occurrence of patient-ventilator asynchrony (PVA) not only increases the risk of ventilator complications but also affects the comfort of patients. To solve the problem of uncertain patient-ventilator interaction in the mechanical ventilation system, a novel method to evaluate patient-ventilator synchrony is proposed in this article. Firstly, a pneumatic model is established to simulate the mechanical ventilation system, which is verified to be accurate by the experiments. Then, the PVA phenomena are classified and detected based on the analysis of the ventilator waveforms. On this basis, a novel synchrony index SIhao is established to evaluate the patient-ventilator synchrony. It not only solves the defects of previous evaluation indexes but also can be used as the response parameter in the future research of ventilator control algorithms. The accurate evaluation of patient-ventilator synchrony can be applied to the adjustment of clinical strategies and the pathological analyses of patients. This research can also reduce the burden on clinicians and help to realize the adaptive control of the mechanical ventilation and weaning process in the future.

scholarly journals Increase of Energy Efficiency of the Mechanical Ventilation System

2019 ◽  
Vol 272 ◽  
pp. 022218 ◽  
Author(s):  
A I Sharapov ◽  
E Y Myakotina ◽  
Y V Shatskikh ◽  
A V Peshkova
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Ventilation System

scholarly journals FINE PARTICLE REMOVAL USING HYDROPHOBIC MICROPOROUS POLYMERIC MEMBRANES

2019 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita Kusuma Wardani ◽  
Ivan Ivan ◽  
Ivan Ruben Darmawan ◽  
Khoiruddin Khoiruddin ◽  
I Gede Wenten
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Fine Particle ◽  
Fine Particles ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Polymeric Membrane ◽  
Particle Removal ◽  
Air Filtration ◽  
Air Filter ◽  
Aerodynamic Properties ◽  
The World

The air quality in the world has been worsening in the last decades due to industrial, vehicle, cigarettes smoke, forest fire, and fuel usage. In this case, fine particles are the world’s greatest concern due to its aerodynamic properties which enable it to travel throughout the world. The current conventional technologies seem to have lost their reliability due to complexity, low removal efficiency, and high equipment cost. Membrane air filter brings new hope to answer this challenge. It gives high removal efficiency with an acceptable pressure drop to fulfill the need for clean air at a lower price. Recently, the introduction of nanofibre membrane as a low-cost membrane may broaden membrane application in air filtration. Compared to conventional membrane, nanofibre membrane offers some interesting features such as higher porosity, interconnected pore structure, and narrow pore size distribution that provide remarkable permeability. In this paper, the microporous polymeric membrane for air filtration especially for fine particles removal is reviewed including mechanism of fine particle removal, membrane preparation, and factor affecting filtration performance.

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