New Concepts, New Ideas of Shared Development

2020 ◽  
pp. 113-148
Author(s):  
Changhong Pei ◽  
Zhen Wang ◽  
Jingfang Sun
Keyword(s):  
New Concepts ◽  
New Ideas

Selected Concepts

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Laureno
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Disconnection Syndrome ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
New Concepts ◽  
Past Half Century ◽  
New Ideas ◽  
Ischemic Attack ◽  
Modern Era ◽  
Infectious Proteins ◽  
Past Half

This chapter on “Selected Concepts” examines the evolution of neurological concepts during the modern era. Examples presented include the concepts of transient ischemic attack, disconnection syndrome, thoracic outlet syndrome, and Wilbrand’s knee. Over the past half century, neurology has witnessed great technological advances. Newer scientific methods, such as MRI scanning, have led to new knowledge that has necessitated changes in neurologic concepts. During recent decades, new concepts have emerged. Infectious proteins, antibody-mediated brain disease, channelopathies, and the glymphatic system are relatively new ideas, and we cannot foresee how our understanding of these concepts will be advanced or modified in the coming decades.

scholarly journals A decade of toxicological trends: what the papers say

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 676-682
Author(s):  
Phumzile Sikakana ◽  
Ruth A Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Personalized Medicine ◽  
Adverse Outcome ◽  
Rank Order ◽  
Human Microbiome ◽  
Drug Efficacy ◽  
Scientific Culture ◽  
New Concepts ◽  
Microphysiological Systems ◽  
New Ideas ◽  
Adverse Outcome Pathways

Abstract Here we look at popular trends and concepts in toxicology over the decade 2009–2019. The top 10 concepts included methodological approaches such as zebrafish and genomics as well as broader concepts such as personalized medicine and adverse outcome pathways. The total number and rank order for each of the top 10 were tracked year by year via PubMed with >9500 papers contributing to the analysis. The data revealed a slow upward trend in the number of papers across all the concepts from 260 in 2009 to >1700 in 2019. Zebrafish, genomics and personalized medicine remained in the top four slots since 2009 with zebrafish dominating the rankings over the entire decade. Genomics was a strong second until 2013 when it was displaced first by the microbiome in 2014 and secondly by personalized medicine in 2015. Other notable trends were the ascendancy of the microbiome and adverse outcome pathways and the descendancy of hormesis and the 3Rs (replacement, reduction and refinement of animals in testing). The observation that the top four slots have been static over the past 4 years suggests that new ideas are introduced and increase in popularity until they find their place in scientific culture. This may suggest that relatively new concepts such as artificial intelligence and microphysiological systems have yet to find their steady state in the rankings. Similarly, as a relatively new player in toxicology, the full impact of the human microbiome on drug efficacy and safety remains to be seen.

ADVANCED CONCEPTS FOR FLOATING-BODY MEMORIES

2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (01) ◽  
pp. 1250002
Author(s):  
FRANCISCO GÁMIZ ◽  
NOEL RODRIGUEZ ◽  
SORIN CRISTOLOVEANU
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Physical Structure ◽  
Floating Body ◽  
Memory Cells ◽  
State Discrimination ◽  
Floating Body Effect ◽  
New Concepts ◽  
Dram Industry ◽  
New Ideas

With 30nm-class memory cells in production and 20nm-class (20-29nm feature-size) memory targeted for next year, the standard 1-Transistor + 1-Capacitor (1T+1C) DRAM industry is making prominent efforts to improve the scalability of the cell capacitor while maintaining the minimum capacitance requirements for state discrimination, immune to noise (C~25fF/cell). To achieve the capacitance requirement, the DRAM cell has evolved from its initial planar implementation to complex three-dimensional structures. The increment in complexity and the large difference in size between the transistor and capacitor of each cell have motivated the search for Floating-Body Single-Transistor DRAM (1T-DRAM). The underlying idea behind 1T-DRAMs is the development of single-device memory cells with a pronounced hysteresis effect and fast operation. This chapter is focused on the floating-body effect as a primary source of hysteresis. We present new concepts able to deal with the basic limitations of 1T-DRAM while maintaining its simplicity. The floating-body 1T-DRAMs can be reconciled with the aggressive scaling constrains by considering new ideas which make possible the coexistence of electron and holes in the same ultrathin transistor. The best approach is to isolate each type of carrier in an specific potential well which is not created specifically by the bias conditions (unlike standard 1T-DRAMs) but by the physical structure of the device.

New Concepts on Two-Dimensional Data Visualization With Applications in Engineering Analysis and Design

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
P. A. Simionescu ◽  
Mehrube Mehrubeoglu
Keyword(s):  
Graphical Representation ◽  
Damping Ratio ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Engineering Analysis ◽  
Science And Engineering ◽  
Single Degree Of Freedom ◽  
Analysis And Design ◽  
New Concepts ◽  
New Ideas ◽  
Detailed Application

The use of information visualization in engineering analysis and design has increased exponentially, making it indispensable in science and engineering education. In this paper, several new concepts on graphical representation of two-dimensional data are presented, and their implementation in a computer program called D_2D detailed. Application examples include mechanism kinematics, vibrations, and optimizations. New ideas on plotting inequalities of two variables, damping ratio evaluation of single degree-of-freedom vibratory systems, and time ratio calculation of crank-driven mechanisms are presented in paper.

Reliability, sustainability and innovation in bridges and structures

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio J. Reis ◽  
José J. Oliveira Pedro
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Creative Process ◽  
Social Needs ◽  
New Materials ◽  
Plastic Arts ◽  
New Concepts ◽  
Geometrical Shapes ◽  
New Ideas ◽  
New Challenges ◽  
Structural Engineers

<p>Structural engineers should develop new concepts for reliable structures taking into consideration sensitivity to sustainability and aesthetics as social requirements. New ideas, as part of a creative process, is a social responsibility for structural engineers. Innovative structural designs seek to answer to new challenges from architectural developments, plastic arts, and social needs.</p><p>Some “old ideas with a new twist” for new trends in bridge design are discussed. New materials (like HSS), new architecture challenges and new geometrical shapes (at structure or at cross section levels) are highlighted. Design and structural analysis issues, imposed by what may be considered as innovations, are discussed towards future social needs.</p>

scholarly journals Paradigms and Paradoxes in the Metamorphosis of Ecotourism

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 71-84
Author(s):  
Loredana Dragomir ◽  
Mirela Mazilu
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Evolution ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Paradigm Shifts ◽  
Knowing That ◽  
New Concepts ◽  
New Ideas ◽  
Economic Reasoning

Abstract In 2020 and 2021, the entire evolution of human society is under the sign of a paradox, of the adversity of events, coming in avalanche. The tourist evolutions themselves suffer the imprint of the paradox. These paradoxes urgently require new paradigms, the famous ‘paradigm shifts’, mentality, optics, action. The purpose of this research is to outline the main aspects of the research problem and diagnose the situation, with focus on identifying hypotheses for future descriptive or causal research as well as to explore the reasons, attitudes and values of the paradigm and paradox, which differentiate the two notions approached: testing new concepts of forecasting, a product specific to the destination under analysis and in identifying other viable, sustainable alternatives and their analysis in parallel with modelling and promoting new ideas of tourism products or services, respectively improving the existing ones. This article aims to capitalise on the paradox, already successfully applied in economics by the author of the method and in shaping and delimiting ecotourism (in particular the ecotourism from the destination Ţara Haţegului – Retezat), emphasising the role of self-contradiction of the field, through a specific type of economic reasoning, in which the rapid evolution of tourism risks are becoming its own cause of its disappearance, knowing that too much tourism kills tourism. Responsibility and the mesological spirit are the only ways to counteract the paradox phenomenon, even a paradigm in the metamorphosis of ecotourism.

scholarly journals Konteksty społeczne początku XX wieku a poradnictwo dla rodziców w zakresie opieki i wychowania na ziemiach polskich

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 177-189
Author(s):  
Witold Ostafiński
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Family Environment ◽  
Political Change ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
New Concepts ◽  
The Family ◽  
New Ideas ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Special Meaning

Social Contexts of the Beginning of the 20th Century and Counseling for Parents in the Field of Care and Education in Poland The beginning of the 20th century was a period of great popularity of guidebooks for parents, which often dealt with issues related to the care and upbringing of children in the family, and the authors focused especially on the role of the mother, assigning it a special meaning. The aim of the article is to present the content of counseling for parents on the care and upbringing of children at the beginning of the 20th century in Poland. The article also presents the position of the educators and psychologists of the time on the issues related to the upbringing and care of children in the family environment. The analyzes include publications that appeared in Poland in a period of political change that initiated changes in the approach to the tasks of the family regarding upbringing and childcare. The independence of Poland enabled the development of native pedagogical thought, which resulted in the implementation of new ideas and the creation of new concepts of education.

scholarly journals PROFIL BERPIKIR KREATIF SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR DALAM MENYELESAIKAN MASALAH KELIPATAN DAN FAKTOR BILANGAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 102-115
Author(s):  
Risky Dwiprabowo
Keyword(s):  
Elementary Students ◽  
Creative Thinking ◽  
Thinking Skills ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
School Students ◽  
Fifth Grade Students ◽  
New Concepts ◽  
New Ideas ◽  
Data Validity ◽  
The Subject

 The purpose of this study was to describe the creative thinking profile of students in solving multiples and number factors for class V SDN Rejosari 1, Magetan Regency. The approach used in this study is a qualitative approach that seeks to analyze the profile for students' thinking in completing operations on integers. The research subjects were fifth grade students of SDN Kawedanan 2, Magetan Regency. The technique of determining the subject with the subject who chose 6. Interview data techniques in the form of tests and interviews. Data analysis techniques are performed by data reduction, data presentation and levers or levers. The data validity technique was done by triangulating data sources. The results showed that the profiles of elementary school students' creative thinking in completing multiples and number factors in fluent thinking skills research provided a lot of information in solving problems with sufficient ability. In flexible thinking skills, there are different ways to solve problems with sufficient ability. In the illumination stage, finding new concepts or new ideas to solve problems with less abilities. In the understanding step, finding and compiling elementary students' problems in fluent thinking skills, namely sparking many ideas in solving problems with sufficient ability and in thinking skills, namely different thinking difficulties to solve problems with sufficient ability In the problem planning step and developing problem-solving strategies for elementary students on fluent thinking skills, namely sparking many ideas in solving problems with sufficient ability, on different thinking skills to solve problems with sufficient tendencies, and at the illumination stage, finding new concepts. or new ideas to solve the problem are less likely to be.

scholarly journals Main features of Business English communication in modern financial and economic area

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (98) ◽  
pp. 134-143
Author(s):  
O. V. Ponomarenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Business Communication ◽  
Business English ◽  
Social Functions ◽  
Economic Area ◽  
New Concepts ◽  
The Social ◽  
New Ideas ◽  
Transformational Development ◽  
Different Cultures

The article is devoted to the review of stylistic, grammatical and lexical features of foreign business communication in modern financial and economic area. The functional styles that have developed as a result of social and financial dynamic changes were analyzed. In order to significantly consider and distinguish the main competencies of business communication, an analysis of various approaches to the classification of given competencies was carried out. Globalization processes, the interaction of different cultures, the interaction of new ideas in education provide the dynamic development of a new multi-level system, where such competencies are vital. Since in modern financial and economic society the paperwork of legal relations is in great demand, regulation of various aspects of public beings and hence the necessity of a book language for processing business papers, official and personal correspondence. The expansion of the social functions of English, the scope of its usage, importance of the standardization of terminology system of many areas of life, to analyze the flow of cross-borrowings that filled Ukrainian-speaking community, to develop the culture of communication that affects to the quality of speech. Key economic and political changes that took place at the turn of centuries, the progress of science and technology, the development of new technologies resulted in emerges of new concepts and realities for which various lexical units are used. In the context of dynamic transformational development of the world economy, in the context of coexistence of the various economic theories, the professional vocabulary of financial and economic area is becoming more and more relevant and significant both in formal and informal communication.

Art Creations of Pramila Giri

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-35
Author(s):  
Banshi Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Women Artists ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Large Size ◽  
New Concepts ◽  
Art Scene ◽  
Art Forms ◽  
Creative Art ◽  
New Ideas

During the 60s and 70s, various new concepts and trends of European modern arts were slowly and nobly emerging in Nepali Art. Traditional Paubha artists and some senior artists such as Chandraman Singh Maskey, Tej Bahadur Chitrakar were following the conventional grammar, characteristics and themes in their art creations. There were virtually no women artists in the creative art scene. Later Pramila Giri and Shilu Payri along with some other female artists appeared on the art stage with new ideas and concepts of modernity. Artist Giri in her early stage, was also following the conventional approaches, but later she began to experiment and present her new art forms with mythical figures and themes. Her analytical thoughts and search led her to use the various forms, images and symbols of religious and mythical figures of BHAIRAV in her art creations. Thus, she started in presenting the figures and forms plus sculptures on her large size canvas. It was completely a noble approach and presentation. BHAIRAV, a gigantic demonic figure but with all the divine powers is regarded as the incarnation of Lord Shiva. Red, white, blue, black colors are used to represent a chosen incarnation of the Lord. Thus, if the viewers are familiar with the mythical figures of Lord BHAIRAV, it will be easier to understand the use of colours and the presentations of the figures in her art creations.

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