Democratic Institutions in Sri Lanka’s Local-Level Politics: Challenges to Social Inclusion

2019 ◽  
pp. 145-156
Author(s):  
Shashik Silva ◽  
Mark Schubert
Keyword(s):  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Democratic Institutions

scholarly journals The Dominants of Contemporary Political Culture and the Transformation of Political Governance

2021 ◽  
pp. 128-138
Author(s):  
A. D. Tumanov
Keyword(s):  
Political Culture ◽  
Political System ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Local Level ◽  
The Political ◽  
Expert Interviews ◽  
Diversity And Inclusion ◽  
Managerial Decisions ◽  
Political Communities ◽  
Political Governance

Contemporary political governance is increasingly dependent on the trends of global globalization, changing in the context of global migration and constantly creating and changing multinational communities. This article aims to analyze the existing policies of social inclusion that form the basis of political culture, which plays a significant role in the system of modern political governance in the era of globalization. The aim of the paper is to substantiate the importance of changing the political space for creating a policy of diversity and inclusion, aimed at forming a modern political culture that meets the current trends in governance in the era of globalization. The major research issue of this paper is the question of which points of political culture are the most transformative for the modern political system. The article analyzes the dominant features of modern political culture, which should be paid attention to both in theoretical analysis and in making managerial decisions. The research method is an open-ended written expert survey — 23 experts took part in the survey; the volume of the material obtained as a result of the survey is 48,000 words. The analysis and processing of information was carried out using the methods of systematization, problem-management design and the method of identifying problem dominants. Expert interviews allowed us to identify a number of measures that the political authorities can take to strengthen the transformational potential of political culture. These include the creation of political initiatives and easily accessible opportunities for political integration; the development of an inclusive and tolerant society through the reallocation of resources to help various kinds of minorities, aimed at helping them understand and use their rights and responsibilities; and the development of creativity and innovation as the basis of a new type of political culture. The results of the analysis of expert interviews complement modern international research on the formation of a new political culture and its impact on the formation of the political system. As a result of the research, the author comes to the conclusion that modern political culture assumes controlled diversity, and this is the basis for the transformation of the political system in the near future. The main dominants of political culture are the strengthening of the importance of the local and, in particular, the strengthening of the importance of the urban environment; the development of the political culture of migrants; inclusiveness of political communities, especially at the local level.

scholarly journals Social Inclusion and Local Practices of Belonging

2009 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 84-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rob Garbutt
Keyword(s):  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Team Sports ◽  
Policy Debates ◽  
Everyday Practices ◽  
Local Practices ◽  
The Social ◽  
Regional Community ◽  
Key Aspects

Social inclusion has been conceptualised as having two key aspects: distributional aspects relating to access to resources including employment, and relational aspects which concern the connections between people and the wider society. While both are important, the emphasis in Australian social inclusion policy has been on distributional aspects. This paper focuses on the relational aspects of social inclusion, and argues that it is critically important to include relational considerations in social inclusion policy. Central to the relational aspects of social inclusion is achieving a sense of belonging, particularly at the everyday, local level. Belonging in this everyday sense can be thought of as an ongoing project achieved through everyday practices, rather than solely in terms of membership of a group. While many such practices, for example regularly engaging in team sports, are accepted ways of establishing and maintaining belonging, for others in a community practices of belonging may necessitate disrupting or at least broadening the established norms of how one belongs. To ground this discussion of inclusion and belonging, this paper draws on practices of belonging in a regional community. Established norms of belonging are examined through the idea of ‘being a local’, a way of belonging that appears to be based on membership. The paper then turns to two local projects which disrupt the exclusive bounds of local membership and establish new and inclusive practices of belonging. To conclude, parallels are drawn between the boundaries which define ‘the social’ in social inclusion and ‘the local community’ in being a local, to argue for the importance of including relational aspects of social inclusion within social inclusion policy debates and program formulation.

scholarly journals Hacia la Inclusión Social desde la IAP. Una experiencia en Andalucía

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonia Corona Aguilar ◽  
Virginia Gutiérrez Barbarrusa
Keyword(s):  
Participatory Research ◽  
Citizen Participation ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Social Research ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
San Juan ◽  
Participatory Action ◽  
The Social ◽  
Specific Project

La Investigación Participativa se nos presenta como una metodología adecuada para promover cambios a nivel local que pueden incidir en una forma de organización social más amplia e innovadora. Más allá de las bases teóricas, la Investigación Acción Participativa representa una metodología eminentemente práctica, pues la aplicación de diferentes técnicas y herramientas en lo cotidiano no solo es útil, sino, además, necesaria para la incidencia de la ciudadanía en la construcción de su espacio y de sus condiciones de vida. En este artículo presentamos el cambio de enfoque que la Investigación Participativa supone frente a otras metodologías de investigación social, destacando la forma de abordar el conocimiento de la realidad social (investigación), su carácter transformador (acción) y la relación sujeto-sujeto (participación) que plantea, entendiendo que no hay un modelo metodológico único, sino un conjunto de técnicas al servicio de la ciudadanía para lograr una mayor incidencia en las decisiones públicas, pero que comparten algunos principios básicos en los que la Investigación Participativa se asienta. Por otro lado, nos ceñimos a un proyecto concreto que se desarrolla en el municipio de San Juan de Aznalfarache, situado a la entrada de Sevilla desde la carretera de Huelva. Por su situación geográfica, esta localidad ha sido un polo de atracción para muchas personas que provienen de países muy diferentes, entre los que se cuentan más de 79 nacionalidades, destacando el carácter diverso e intercultural del municipio. En este sentido se hace fundamental aplicar políticas de integración que sean construidas de forma participada y lograr el mayor grado de consenso posible para definir las condiciones del lugar en el que queremos vivir. Partiendo de las bases epistemológicas y metodológicas de esta propuesta se presenta esta experiencia de participación ciudadana a través del proceso participativo que se está desarrollando en San Juan de Aznalfarache para la elaboración del Plan de Inclusión Social del municipio, a través del GLISA (Grupo Local de Inclusión Social de San Juan de Aznalfarache). Destacamos en este sentido el carácter eminentemente práctico de esta metodología. Participatory research is an adequate methodology to promote changes at a local level that can affect a more extensive and innovative form of social organization. Beyond the theoretical bases, Participatory Action Research represents an eminently practical methodology, since the application of different techniques and tools in the daily life is not only useful, but also is necessary for the incidence of citizenship in the construction of their space and of their living conditions. In this article, we present the change of approach that Participatory Research assumes compared to other social research methodologies, highlighting the way of approaching knowledge of social reality (research), its transforming character (action) and the subject-subject relationship (participation ) that it raises, understanding that there is not a single methodological model, but a set of techniques at the service of citizens to achieve a greater incidence in public decisions, but that share some basic principles on which Participatory Research is based. On the other hand, we stick to a specific project that takes place in the municipality of San Juan de Aznalfarache, located at the entrance to Seville from the Huelva road. Due to its geographical location, this town has been a magnet for many people from very different countries, among which there are more than 79 nationalities, highlighting the diverse and intercultural nature of the municipality. In this sense, it is essential to apply integration policies that are built in a participatory manner and achieve the highest degree of consensus possible to define the conditions of the place where we want.Starting from the epistemological and methodological bases of this proposal, an experience of citizen participation is presented through a concrete practice that is being developed in San Juan de Aznalfarache (Seville) for the elaboration of the Social Inclusion Plan of the municipality.We emphasize in this sense the eminently practical nature of this methodology.

THE SOCIAL ECONOMY SECTOR AS AN INSTRUMENT FOR THE INCLUSION OF MARGINALIZED AND SOCIALLY EXCLUDED – A LOCAL PERSPECTIVE

2021 ◽  
Vol 564 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Zdzisława Janowska
Keyword(s):  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Local Development ◽  
Local Level ◽  
National Level ◽  
Social Economy ◽  
Socially Responsible ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Government ◽  
Socially Excluded ◽  
Favorable Conditions

The aim of this study is to emphasize the importance of the social economy sector for local development. The social economy sector is bringing together various entities and is activating socially and professionally marginalized and excluded groups. Its proper functioning is an example of social inclusion, which is the slogan of the Europe 2020 Strategy. The guarantee of success is the local government applying a strategy for active social policy. The government should be the initiator and ally of changes aimed at strengthening social inclusion at the local level. Therefore, it should create favorable conditions for the emergence and functioning of social economy entities. It can act as their founder, but also as the ordering party of services (socially responsible procurement). In this way, the government becomes an advocate of the interests of socially excluded groups. Finally, it can be the initiator of establishing cooperation with business. Unfortunately, the research conducted in Poland on this issue, as well as my own experience managing a social cooperative, highlight serious discrepancies between the ideal state and reality. The spending of European funds for many years for the purpose of social inclusion are disproportionate to the achieved results. This study will present the barriers which inhibit the development of the social economy at the local level as well as at the national level and will indicate ways to overcome them.

Effects of the state’s informal practices on organisational capability and social inclusion: Three cases of city governance in Johannesburg

Urban Studies ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 004209802091011
Author(s):  
Li Pernegger
Keyword(s):  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Urban Governance ◽  
Local Level ◽  
The State ◽  
City Administration ◽  
Resource Limitations ◽  
Informal Practices ◽  
State Actors ◽  
Democratic Ideals ◽  
Competing Priorities

Despite state actors’ uses of informal practices in urban governance, their prominence in changing policy is little acknowledged by scholars. Their effects are even less examined. Such informal practices inextricably link with and impact on formal ones, and have consequences for the state and citizens, especially at the local level. This article presents three cases of contested urban governance from Johannesburg’s post-apartheid city administration. The cases reveal pivotal informal practices in response to challenges encountered in local urban governance, informed by multiple complex and (sometimes absent) formal practices, contexts, timings and players. Responding to different pressures, local-level state actors deliberately applied different sorts of informal practices. These pressures included the need to cope with immediate problems, conflictual relationships, political agendas, lobbying groups, competing priorities and resource limitations. The effects of informal practices on the local government’s organisational capability and citizens’ social inclusion are evident and varied. Findings imply that the state’s informal practices and their effects shape governance in ways that undermine or uphold democratic ideals, thus warranting more mindful scrutiny than given so far.

scholarly journals Social Farming: Heterogeneity in Social and Agricultural Relationships

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 4824
Author(s):  
Angela Genova ◽  
Martina Maccaroni ◽  
Elena Viganò
Keyword(s):  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Social Innovation ◽  
Local Development ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Main Hypothesis ◽  
Local Case ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Farming

Social farming (SF) has emerged as a social innovation practice shaping heterogeneous approaches and results. This study discusses the complexity of SF policy and practices, and it is led by the main hypothesis that the relationship between agricultural and social dimensions might be very heterogeneous, not only in different national contexts but also within the same national and local level. SF policy and practices are investigated testing the hypothesis of three main different modalities of interaction according to how the social and the agricultural perspectives interact. In the first, social target is not involved in the production system of the farm and the farm is the context where actions and measures of a social nature take place. In the second type of interaction, the farm employs the beneficiaries in some of its production activities collaborating with the social services. The third is where the farm organizes its activities to actively employ targeted people to enhance their social inclusion and integration in the community. Italian SF policy and practices are analyzed as case study, through the lens of sociological critical discourse analysis regarding the regional regulatory documents, and interviews for local case studies. The results of the study show that SF policy and practices might be very heterogeneous also within the same national and local level, outlining different hybridization of social and agriculture actions that can be properly analyzed through the three SF model proposal. This study contributes to the broader debate on the various dimensions of sustainability, suggesting the need for further research on the efficiency of SF as local development model sustainable in economic, social and environmental terms.

scholarly journals Social services of general interest: coordinating european, national and local actions for social inclusion. The EKKA network as a case-study

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Petros Tsantilas
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Quality Management System ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Functional System ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Social Solidarity ◽  
General Interest ◽  
The European Union

<p>This paper contributes to the development of a broader framework for the identification of the key features of a functional system of social services and benefits. This should allow for the elaboration of a social services’ network ruled by common general principles and values. Related to this subject is the aim to determine –based on international experience and practices– the best way to deal with both local and national needs and vice versa. After introducing the framework of analysis used to interpret the experiences of social services providers across the European Union, we present the EKKA (National Centre for Social Solidarity) Network as an example of a coordination pole connecting the<br />European, the national as well as the local level. We conclude this paper by highlighting the civic added value of the activities of social services, and<br />voluntary social services in particular, with regard to the European Union and in the light of criteria such as their non-profit character, the special legal mandate given to them as civic actors, their mission within society, working with volunteers in particular, and their quality management system used to maintain adequate quality standards.</p>

scholarly journals Τα Συμβούλια Ένταξης Μεταναστών στο πλαίσιο της πολιτικής ένταξης υπηκόων τρίτων χωρών

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Μάρκος Παπακωνσταντής
Keyword(s):  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Local Level ◽  
National Strategy ◽  
Future Prospects ◽  
Residence Permit ◽  
Greek Society ◽  
The Social ◽  
Low Expectations ◽  
Migrant Integration

The introduction of Migrant Integration Councils (MICs) through the Kallikratis bill (Law 3852/2010) created low expectations as to their impact on social cohesion. This comes as no surprise given that the economic crisis has made Greek society more introverted while also creating a sense of insecurity among migrants. The latter comes as a result of the increasing difficulty in accessing the eligibility conditions for acquiring a residence permit, as well as the lack of future prospects. As both central and local government did not support the new institution, its existence is in question even in those municipalities where it still exists (though underperforming). The National Strategy for the social inclusion of third country nationals, published by the Ministry of Interior in April 2013 is currently the only existing blueprint for strengthening the participation of migrants at local level in general and the role of MICs in particular.

scholarly journals Gender Equality and Social Inclusion in Technical and Vocation Education and Training

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 25-32
Author(s):  
Shiba Bagale
Keyword(s):  
Gender Equality ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Education And Training ◽  
Male Participant ◽  
Technical Schools ◽  
Depth Interview ◽  
Good For ◽  
Implementation Level ◽  
And Training

This study is about the present scenario of Gender Equality and Social Inclusion GESI in the technical schools. This study has tried to explore the present scenario, how the schools are mainstreaming in GESI and how is GESI mainstreaming done in the schools. This study is qualitative in nature and the interview was done with three female and one male participant who have been working in the schools. The participants experience and perception is carried out in the study through the in-depth interview. The study shows that there are several improvements in the GESI field and most of the schools have GESI unit which seems good for the implementation of the policies formulated regarding the GESI. Also this study has tried to dig out the GESI barriers in the mainstreaming and implementation level in the local level. Though there are many changes, many improvements, there are still chances to make it more effective and make GESI friendly environment in the school.

scholarly journals Ethnicity, National Integrity and Monument in Argal

1970 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 101-120
Author(s):  
Man Bahadur Khattri
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Identity ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Proportional Representation ◽  
Political Activities ◽  
The Past ◽  
Culture History ◽  
Positive Discrimination ◽  
The Village ◽  
Vital Element

In Nepal, social inclusion, ethnic identity, positive discrimination and proportional representation being burning issues now. Ethnic identity is a vital element of discussion for social inclusion, positive discrimination and proportional representation. Assertion on ethnic identity, seeks recognition from concerned institutions, practices traditions and advocates their ethnic right on socio-economic and political power. These issues are intrinsically linked to national integration. To be sure, very little attention is paid toward ancestral monuments of the past. Monuments vary by their size, pattern, investment, management, and range of dissemination. Local level monuments have little possibility to attract the attention of people of various places and interest, unless they have becomes extraordinary significance. In order to understand monumentality in wider social context, it is very important to look at the village level society. Monument building in Nepal has been linked to culture, history, religion, ethnic identity as well as social system. Argal VDC of Baglung district of Nepal represent with multi-ethnic/caste setting that has high influence over the nature of monument and the rituals performed. In multiethnic setting economic, social, and political activities co-exist, each nourishing the other.Key Words: Ethnicity, Argali Magars, Intra-ethnic relation, Magars, Monuments, National Integrity, NepalDOI = 10.3126/dsaj.v2i0.1359Dhaulagiri Journal of Sociology and Anthropology Vol.2 pp.101-120

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