Influence of heating rate on quality of needle coke in calcining

The optimization of the drying schedule has been carried out to improve the quality indicators of the live plague vaccine. Based on the data obtained on the eutectic point of the vaccine suspension, the freezing temperature and freezing time were set to -50 °С and 6-7 h, respectively. A pressure of 40 mTorr over the surface of the drying suspension and 20 mTorr during the desorption were shown to be the best conditions for sublimation. The drying tests with different options for the shelf heating rate, vacuum depth and duration of intermediate temperature indicators were carried out to develop the improved freeze-drying mode providing the selection of the most adapted bacteria. A vaccine lyophilized under the developed conditions has low residual moisture (up to 2%) and high viability index that persists over the whole shelf life. lyophilization, sublimation, eutectic, live plague vaccine, residual moisture, viability

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Analysis of Bio-Oil Produced by Co-Pyrolysis of Mahua Seed and Polystyrene

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.787.771 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 787 ◽

pp. 771-775

Author(s):

Debalaxmi Pradhan ◽

R.K. Singh

Keyword(s):

Heating Rate ◽

Fossil Fuel ◽

Synergetic Effect ◽

Blend Ratio ◽

Yield And Quality ◽

Bio Oil ◽

Quality Of Products ◽

Temperature Heating

TheProduction of biofuel from biomass sources is believed to reduce the reliance of fossil fuel and its cost. This investigation was aimed to produce and characterize the bio-oil obtained from co-pyrolysis. Two different feed stocks were used for co-pyrolysis; one is Mahua seed (MS) and the other one is Polystyrene (PS). The effect in addition of plastic to biomass in pyrolysis process were investigated on the yield and quality of products. Experiments were conducted in a semi-batch pyrolysis reactor under various parameters of temperature, heating rate and blending ratio. The results indicated that a temperature of 525 °C, and blend ratio of 1:1is maximumwith a heating rate of 20 °C/min. The yield of bio-oil obtained from the co-pyrolysis was found to be approximately 71%, which was higher about 22% than that of yield obtained from pyrolysis of Mahua seed (MS) alone. Further the bio-oil was characterized using different spectroscopic and chromatographic analyses. The analysis of the results for characterization of bio-oil indicated that the synergetic effect increased the bio-oil yield and its quality.

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Influence of the Heating Rate on the Quality of Metallurgical Coke

ACS Omega ◽

10.1021/acsomega.1c05007 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

María F. Vega ◽

Elvira Díaz-Faes ◽

Carmen Barriocanal

Keyword(s):

Heating Rate ◽

Metallurgical Coke

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Obtaining coke of improved quality by hydro-gentrification of coal tar

MATEC Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/matecconf/202134001034 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 340 ◽

pp. 01034

Author(s):

Nazym Smagulova ◽

Zhaxyntay Kairbekov ◽

Gulsezim Yermekbayeva

Keyword(s):

Water Content ◽

Boiling Point ◽

Nickel Sulfide ◽

Catalytic Properties ◽

Coal Tar ◽

Processing Technology ◽

Sulfide Catalysts ◽

Mass Ratio ◽

Needle Coke

The catalytic properties of non-applied nickel-sulfide catalysts in the reactions of hydrogenation and hydrodesulphurization of coal tar from the coal semi-coking of the Shubarkul field (Republic of Kazakhstan) were studied to obtain data necessary for the intensification of the resin processing technology, increasing the yield and improving the quality of the resulting needle coke. As a feedstock, the resin was used without preliminary dehydration (water content 3.4 %) and distillation in a mixture with the prepared catalyst and the residue of distillation with boiling point above 320°C of oil from the Kumkol field (Republic of Kazakhstan), taken in a mass ratio of 1:1.

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QUALITY OF Eucalyptus urograndis CHARCOAL PRODUCED IN THE SOUTHERN REGION OF TOCANTINS

FLORESTA ◽

10.5380/rf.v49i4.57702 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 49 (4) ◽

pp. 691

Author(s):

Raquel Marchesan ◽

Daniela Mendonça ◽

Ana Carolina Caixeta Dias ◽

Renata Carvalho da Silva ◽

José Fernando Pereira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heating Rate ◽

Eucalyptus Grandis ◽

Basic Density ◽

Calorific Value ◽

Fixed Carbon ◽

Tree Plantation ◽

Final Temperature ◽

Good Energy ◽

Eucalyptus Urograndis

The objective of this work was to determine the quality of the Eucalyptus urophilla x Eucalyptus grandis clone charcoal, defining the basic density and wood retractability, apparent density, breaking index, charcoal yield, condensable and non-condensable gas yield, AQI and calorific values, comparing the results of different trunk positions and in two different heating ramps, ramp 1 (R1) with a heating rate of 1.25 ºC/min, final temperature of 450ºC and total of 6 hours, and ramp 2 (R2) with a heating rate of 1.19 ºC/min, final temperature of 500ºC and total time of 7 hours. The six evaluated trees were from a six-year-old cloned tree plantation located in the municipality of Gurupi, in the south of Tocantins state. The specimens for the characterizations were made from wooden discs removed from three trunk positions (base, DBH, top). The Eucalyptus urograndis wood presented basic density considered average (0.47 g/cm³) and good dimensional stability. The charcoal presented an expected yield and high calorific value influenced by the final temperature of the heating ramps, high fixed carbon content, acceptable ash content, as well as a low breaking rate. The results were satisfactory and identified the species as a good energy source.

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Reduction of Thermographic Phosphors Data to Heat Rates

Heat Transfer, Volume 2 ◽

10.1115/imece2004-59900 ◽

2004 ◽

Author(s):

P. R. Crim ◽

D. G. Walker ◽

S. W. Allison ◽

S. Goedeke

Keyword(s):

Heat Flux ◽

Heating Rate ◽

Heat Fluxes ◽

Single Shot ◽

Temperature Dependent ◽

Thermographic Phosphors ◽

Free Parameters ◽

A New Technique ◽

Intensity Decay

Thermographic phosphors have emerged as a new technique for measuring heat fluxes, which relies on the temperature dependent intensity decay of thermographic phosphors. However, instead of reducing the intensity data to temperatures, heating rate is estimated. It has been shown that the heating rate can provide significantly better heat flux estimates than temperature measurements. Because the technique is new, little is known about the quality of heating rate estimates. Further, the heating rate estimation depends on the introduction of additional free parameters, which increases the uncertainty of the estimates. The analysis presented here indicates that sample rates must be one to two orders of magnitude greater than the frequency at which the heat flux must be known. Also, the sensitivity of the intensity to higher-order derivatives is small suggesting that derivatives beyond the heating rate are not accessible with single-shot data.

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Effects of Selected Parameters on the Bonding Quality and Temperature Evolution Inside Plywood During Pressing

Polymers ◽

10.3390/polym12051035 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (5) ◽

pp. 1035 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Pavlo Bekhta ◽

Ján Sedliačik ◽

Nataliya Bekhta

Keyword(s):

Heating Rate ◽

Phenol Formaldehyde ◽

Temperature Evolution ◽

Efficient Production ◽

Pressing Pressure ◽

Bonding Quality ◽

Pressing Time ◽

Temperature Time ◽

Required Quality

This research optimizes the process of plywood production to determine its effectiveness in reducing energy and adhesive consumption for more efficient production with the required quality. The influence of selected parameters including veneer treatment (non-densified and densified), plywood structure, temperature, time and pressure of pressing, on the bonding quality and temperature evolution within the veneer stacks during hot pressing was investigated. Rotary-cut, non-densified and densified birch veneers and phenol formaldehyde (PF) adhesive were used to manufacture plywood samples. The effect of pressure and time of pressing on bonding quality of the plywood was determined. Bonding quality was evaluated by determining the shear strength of the plywood samples. The temperature evolution inside the veneer stacks was measured for birch veneers for different pressing temperatures and pressures for different numbers of veneer layers. The heating rate of the veneer stacks increased as the pressing temperature increased and decreased markedly with an increasing number of veneer layers. At a high pressing pressure, the heating rate of the densified veneer stacks was faster than that of non-densified veneers at the same pressure. The use of densified veneers for the production of plywood can lead to a shorter pressing time (17–50% reduction), lower glue consumption (33.3% reduction) and a lower pressing pressure (22.2% reduction) without negatively impacting the bonding strength of the plywood.

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Molybdenum Carbide and Sulfide Nanoparticles as Selective Hydrotreating Catalysts for FCC Slurry Oil to Remove Olefins and Sulfur

Nanomaterials ◽

10.3390/nano11102721 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (10) ◽

pp. 2721

Author(s):

He Liu ◽

Zhipeng Qiu ◽

Huihui Pan ◽

Aijun Guo ◽

Shouhui Jiao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Molybdenum Carbide ◽

Structural Parameters ◽

Ammonium Molybdate ◽

Spot Test ◽

Needle Coke ◽

The Real ◽

Hydrotreating Catalysts ◽

The Stability ◽

Bromine Number

As the two types of major impurities in FCC slurry oil (SLO), olefins and sulfur seriously deteriorate the preparation and quality of mesophase pitch or needle coke. The development of a hydrotreatment for SLO to remove olefins and sulfur selectively becomes imperative. This work presents the potentiality of dispersed Mo2C and MoS2 nanoparticles as selective hydrotreating catalysts of SLO. Mo2C was synthesized by the carbonization of citric acid, ammonium molybdate and KCl mixtures while MoS2 was prepared from the decomposition of precursors. These catalysts were characterized by XRD, HRTEM, XPS, BJH, BET, and applied to the hydrotreating of an SLO surrogate with defined components and real SLO. The conversion of olefins, dibenzothiophene and anthracene in the surrogate was detected by GC-MS. Elemental analysis, bromine number, diene value, 1H-NMR and spot test were used to characterize the changes of the real SLO. The results show that hydrotreating the SLO surrogate with a very small amount of Mo-based nanoparticles could selectively remove olefins and sulfur without the overhydrogenation of polyaromatics. Mo2C exhibited much better activity than MoS2, with 95% of olefins and dibenzothiophene in the surrogate removed while only 15% anthracene was hydrogenated. The stability of the real SLO was significantly improved. Its structural parameters changed subtly, proving the aromatic macromolecules had been preserved.

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Improvements to quality of needle coke by controlled carbonized conditions

10.1063/1.5041207 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Dong Liu ◽

Bin Lou ◽

Ran Yu ◽

Qingtai Chen ◽

Zhiheng Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Needle Coke

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STUDI EKSPERIMENTAL GASIFIKASI UPDRAFT SEKAM PADI DAN BATUBARA KUALITAS RENDAH BERKATALIS BENTONIT UNTUK PRODUKSI SYNGAS

INFO-TEKNIK ◽

10.20527/infotek.v20i1.6961 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

pp. 81

Author(s):

Akhmad Syarief ◽

Maidi Maidi

Keyword(s):

Heating Rate ◽

Rice Husk ◽

Gas Filtration ◽

Filtration Process ◽

Coal Quality ◽

Gasification Process

This Research aims to determine the amounts generated in the gas liquefactiongas process rice husk with lowcoal quality at temperatures at 500 ° C and to know the speed of the updraft gasification process rice husk and the low coal quality of Bentonite catalyst. This research uses updraft type gasification where the gas that can be generated from the gasifer section will flow into the flowmeter and will be accommodated in the urine bag. In this study obtained syngas results on the process of updraft rice husk gasification and low quality coal berkatalis bentonit. Most Syngas produce on sample A SP 200 gr: BB 0 gr: B 100 gr equal to 36,72L. In sample B 180gr: 20gram: 100gr at 31,47L. In the sample C 140gr: 60gr: 100gr At 27.3L. and the lowest volume of syngas produced on the D sample 100gr: 100gr: 100gr at 24.28L. The heating rate that can be used in the gas filtration process and the low quality coal catalyzed bentonite is obtained at the highest heating rate in sample A 200gr: 0gr: 100gr at 16.89 ° C / min. In sample B 180gr: 20gr: 100gr at 15.25 ° C / min. In sample C 140gram: 60 grams: 100 grams of 13.13 ° C / min The lowest heating rate was obtained in D 100gr: 100gr: 100gr at 11.26 ° C / min.

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