The nutritive value of some selected Tanzanian plant food sources

1993 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. V. Mnembuka ◽  
B. O. Eggum
Keyword(s):  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Plant Food

scholarly journals Contribution of plant food bioactives in promoting health effects of plant foods: why look at interindividual variability?

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 (S2) ◽  
pp. 13-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Morand ◽  
Francisco A. Tomás-Barberán
Keyword(s):  
Health Effects ◽  
Interindividual Variability ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Cardiometabolic Health ◽  
Plant Food ◽  
Health It ◽  
Plant Foods ◽  
Nutritional Needs ◽  
Main Determinants ◽  
Actual Contribution

Abstract Purpose Research has identified plant-based diets as the most protective for our health; it is now essential to focus on good food associations and the beneficial constituents in plant foods. From a growing body of evidence, some categories of food phytochemicals are increasingly considered to play a crucial role in the cardiometabolic health effects associated with plant food consumption. However, the heterogeneity in responsiveness to plant food bioactive intake that is frequently observed in clinical trials can hinder the identification of the effects of these compounds in specific subpopulations and likely lead to underestimating their actual contribution to the health effects of their food sources. Results The magnitude and the main factors responsible for this between-subject variation in response to the consumption of the major families of food phytochemicals have been poorly documented so far. Thus, research efforts in this area must be developed. More importantly, capturing the interindividual variability in response to plant food bioactive intake, together with identifying the main determinants involved, is a crucial step that will enable the development and production of plant food products, thereby satisfying the nutritional needs and conferring benefits to different categories of populations. Conclusion The development of a science-based personalised nutrition approach focusing on plant foods rich in specific bioactive compounds could contribute to alleviating the dramatic burden of metabolic and cardiovascular diseases.

scholarly journals Fauna of nocturnal moth species collected in a semi-natural grassland at Kanpu-zan in northern Japan

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masaru Kamikura ◽  
Yuzu Sakata
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Associations ◽  
Food Plants ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Plant Food ◽  
Moth Population ◽  
Natural Grasslands ◽  
Moth Species ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Natural Grassland ◽  
Northern Japan

Semi-natural grasslands, which house species-rich ecosystems, have rapidly declined since the twentieth century due to land-use practices, such as agricultural intensification and abandonment. Owing to their diversity and known habitat associations, nocturnal moths are considered as one of the most suitable organisms to be studied for assessing the dynamics of species composition as a result of changes in landscape management of semi-natural grasslands. The present study provides the foremost description of nocturnal moth fauna of the semi-natural grassland at Kanpu-zan, northern Japan. Moth population data from 1987 were compared to the data collected in 2018 to evaluate the impact of decline in grasslands on species-richness. During the field sampling in 2018, a total of 226 nocturnal moth species were detected, which was nearly two-thirds of the number of species recorded in 1987, i.e. 396 species. The values obtained in 2018 were found to be nearly constant for different sites. For both periods, it was evident that moth fauna in Kanpu-zan mainly consisted of species that relied on woody plants. Amongst the species which were only recorded in 1987, 107 species were generalists that fed on plants that are commonly distributed in Kanpu-zan. No moth species were recorded that depended upon endangered or extinct plant food sources. Thus, it is unlikely that the decline in the number of moth species in Kanpu-zan was due to the loss in plant food sources. Our results suggest that environmental factors other than food plants may have caused decline and changes in nocturnal moth fauna. More studies on various organism fauna are needed for understanding the conservation of semi-natural grassland, considering that the loss of semi-natural grasslands is one of the major threats to biodiversity.

scholarly journals Suboptimal nutrition and feeding behavior of hemipterans on less preferred plant food sources

2000 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antônio R. Panizzi
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Behavior ◽  
Food Plants ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Stink Bug ◽  
Plant Food ◽  
Feeding Guild ◽  
Adult Performance ◽  
Southern Green Stink Bug ◽  
Green Stink Bug

Phytophagous hemipterans (heteropterans) are, in general, polyphagous, feeding on a wide array of plants. Among these, less preferred plant food sources are also explored as food and/or shelter. To illustrate this, I will discuss the feeding behavior of the southern green stink bug, Nezara viridula (L.) (Pentatomidae) on less preferred plants in Northern Paraná state. This bug feeds on several uncultivated-wild, and on cultivated plants, which are less preferred, changing its feeding behavior, from a typical seed/fruit sucking habit, to leaf/stem feeding, with consequences for its nymphal and adult performance. Other seed suckers, such as Euschistus heros (F.) and Dichelops melacanthus (Dallas) (Pentatomidae) and Neomegalotomus parvus Westwood (Alydidae), also change their feeding behavior from seeds to vegetative tissues (leaf, stems) when feeding on less preferred food plants. These and other mentioned examples demonstrate that for this feeding guild in particular, the less preferred food plant sources play an important role in the life history of these bugs, and that this fact is, in general, underestimated.

scholarly journals Type 1 Taste Receptors in Taste and Metabolism

2017 ◽  
Vol 70 (Suppl. 3) ◽  
pp. 27-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Kochem
Keyword(s):  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Sweet Taste ◽  
Glucose Absorption ◽  
Taste Perception ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Taste Receptors ◽  
Umami Taste ◽  
Insulin Regulation ◽  
Intestinal Glucose Absorption

Our sense of taste allows us to evaluate the nutritive value of foods prior to ingesting them. Sweet taste signals the presence of sugars, and savory taste signals the presence of amino acids. The ability to identify these macronutrients in foods was likely crucial for the survival of our species when nourishing food sources were sparse. In modern, industrialized settings, taste perception continues to play an important role in human health as we attempt to prevent and treat conditions stemming from overnutrition. Recent research has revealed that type 1 taste receptors (T1Rs), which are largely responsible for sweet and umami taste, may also influence the absorption and metabolism of the foods we eat. Preliminary research shows that T1Rs contribute to intestinal glucose absorption, blood sugar and insulin regulation, and the body's responses to excessive energy intake. In light of these findings, T1Rs have come to be understood as nutrient sensors, among other roles, that facilitate the selection, digestion, and metabolism of foods.

Influence of Changing Plant Food Sources on the Gut Microbiota of Saltmarsh Detritivores

2012 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 814-825 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Dittmer ◽  
Jérôme Lesobre ◽  
Roland Raimond ◽  
Martin Zimmer ◽  
Didier Bouchon
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Plant Food

scholarly journals Relationships of maternal zinc intake from animal foods with fetal growth

2011 ◽  
Vol 106 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yo A. Lee ◽  
Ji-Yun Hwang ◽  
Hyesook Kim ◽  
Eun-Hee Ha ◽  
Hyesook Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Essential Element ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Plant Food ◽  
Animal Food ◽  
Negatively Associated

Zn is an essential element for human growth. The nutritional adequacy of dietary Zn depends not only on the total Zn intake, but also on the type of food source (i.e. of plant or animal origin). We investigated the association between maternal dietary Zn intake from animal and plant food sources and fetal growth. A total of 918 pregnant women at 12–28 weeks of gestation were selected from the Mothers and Children's Environmental Health study in Korea. Dietary intakes in mid-pregnancy were estimated by a 24 h recall method, and subsequent birth weight and height were obtained from medical records. Multiple regression analysis showed that maternal Zn intake from animal food sources and their proportions relative to total Zn intake were positively associated with birth weight (P = 0·034 and 0·045, respectively) and height (P = 0·020 and 0·032, respectively). Conversely, the percentage of Zn intake from plant food sources relative to total Zn intake was negatively associated with birth height (P = 0·026) after adjustment for covariates that may affect fetal growth. The molar ratio of phytate:Zn was negatively associated with birth weight (P = 0·037). In conclusion, we found that the absolute amounts of Zn from different food sources (e.g. animal or plant) and their proportions relative to total Zn intake were significantly associated with birth weight and height. A sufficient amount of Zn intake from animal food sources of a relatively higher Zn bioavailability is thus encouraged for women during pregnancy.

scholarly journals Vitamin B12-Containing Plant Food Sources for Vegetarians

Nutrients ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 1861-1873 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fumio Watanabe ◽  
Yukinori Yabuta ◽  
Tomohiro Bito ◽  
Fei Teng
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Plant Food

scholarly journals ETNOBOTANI TUMBUHAN SUMBER PANGAN MASYARAKAT DAYAK BIDAYUH DI DESA HLI BUEI KECAMATAN SIDING KABUPATEN BENGKAYANG

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lusiana Julia ◽  
H A Oramahi ◽  
Gusti Hardiansyah
Keyword(s):  
Food Plant ◽  
Food Plants ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Tree Level ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Plant Food ◽  
Plant Groups ◽  
Simple Processing ◽  
Food Needs ◽  
The Village

Food plants have long been used by local people of Hli Buei Village, Siding Subdistrict, Bengkayang District because of their simple processing and available in the forest. For generations, the village community has been accustomed to using food sources for their daily staple food needs. In addition, local food plants are still widely used because there is no market in Hli Buei Village. Until now, the use of plant food sources in Hli Buei Village, Siding Subdistrict, Bengkayang District has never been studied. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct research on the Ethnobotany of Plant Food for the Dayak Bidayuh Community in Hli Buei Village, Siding Subdistrict, Bengkayang District. The aim is to provide information about food plant species, utilization and processing of food source plants in Hli Buei Village, Siding Subdistrict, Bengkayang District. The research method is a survey method and data collection techniques by interview. Determination of respondents by purposive sampling in addition to observation and study of literature. Based on the results of interviews that have been conducted, there were 95 species from 44 families. The level of plant habitus that is widely used comes from the tree level (29.47%), herbs (28.42%), shrubs (22.1%), and the least is epiphyte (1.05%). The most part of the mash which used as food of the fruit, namely as many as 55 species (57.89%), leaves 17 species (17.89%) and the lowest was in the stems, shoots, tubers, flower buds, skin, fruit and heart, fruit. and umbut, fruit, tuber and water, terrace stem and tuber each 1 type (1.05%). Utilization of the most food plant groups came from the fruit group, namely 36 species (37.89%) and the lowest was the 3 species of cereals (3.15%).Keywords: Dayak Bidayuh, Ethnobotany, Plant Food 

Abstract P360: Dietary Saturated Fats From Different Food Sources Show Inconsistent Associations With Various Indices of Diet Quality in the Canadian Population

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 141 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Harrison ◽  
Didier Brassard ◽  
Simone Lemieux ◽  
Benoit Lamarche
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Trans Fat ◽  
Quality Indices ◽  
Saturated Fats

Background: Canadian dietary guidelines include a recommendation to limit the consumption of foods high in saturated fats (SFA), regardless of their dietary source. The same guidelines also recommend consumption of lean red meat and low-fat dairy products. Yet, the association between the consumption of SFA from different food sources and diet quality is currently unknown. The objective of this study was to examine associations between SFA from various food sources and different indices of diet quality. Methods: Analyses are based on a sample of 11 106 respondents representative of Canadian adults (19-70 y) from the 2015 Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS 2015). Dietary intakes and diet quality indices were calculated using a single interview-administered 24-hour recall. Food sources of SFA were classified according to the 2019 Canada’s Food Guide categories: 1) vegetables and whole fruits, 2) whole grain foods and 3) protein foods (including dairy and meat, among others). Foods not included in these three categories were grouped as All other foods . The 2010 alternative Healthy eating index (aHEI), the 2015 Healthy eating index (HEI-2015) and the 2007 Canadian Healthy eating index (C-HEI) were calculated. Due to the unreliability of data for trans-fat consumption in the CCHS 2015 database, the trans-fat subscore of the aHEI was removed from the original score. Results: While total SFA intake and SFA from All other foods were inversely correlated with all indices of diet quality (-0.55<r<-0.10, all p<0.001), associations with SFA from dairy and meat were inconsistent. SFA from dairy were inversely correlated (p<0.001) with the aHEI (r=-0.14) and the HEI-2015 (r=-0.16) but showed a weak positive correlation with the C-HEI (r=0.05, p<0.001). SFA from meat were negatively correlated with the aHEI (r=-0.21, p<0.001) and positively correlated with the C-HEI (r=0.11, p<0.001). Removing subscores directly related to SFA intake in diet quality indices yielded positive correlations between SFA from dairy and the HEI-2015 (r=0.13, p<0.001) and the C-HEI (r=0.19, p<0.001). Conclusion: Consumption of SFA from different food sources are inconsistently associated with different indices of overall diet quality. Unsurprisingly, SFA from All other foods , which include low nutritive value foods, showed the strongest negative correlation with all diet quality scores. These results provide further support to the notion that guidance on SFA in future health policies should focus on food sources rather than on total intake of SFA.

Total leaf crude protein, amino acid composition and elemental content in the USDA-ARS bamboo germplasm collections

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. L. Wang ◽  
M. L. Harrison ◽  
B. D. Tonnis ◽  
D. Pinnow ◽  
J. Davis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Composition ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Leaf Protein ◽  
Elemental Content ◽  
Bamboo Species ◽  
Protein Amino Acid ◽  
Total Leaf

AbstractBamboo shoots and leaves are valuable food sources for both humans and livestock. The USDA-ARS NPGS (National Plant Germplasm System) collections hold 93 bamboo species in 20 genera. Total leaf protein, amino acid composition and elemental content for these important genetic resources had never been quantified. Lack of nutrition information hinders germplasm utilization. The above-mentioned nutritional traits were evaluated from these 93 species in this study. Leaf protein content among bamboo species ranged from 8.12 to 16.33% with an average of 12.84%. This average was higher than 9.0% observed for switchgrass leaves, but considerably lower than 32.48% in cassava leaves. For 18 quantified amino acids, there was more than a twofold variation among the samples evaluated. For 12 quantified mineral elements, there was significant variability from the low end (4.2-fold, 2.27–9.52 mg/g calcium; 4.4-fold, 56.17–246.43 µg/g sodium) to the high end (61.5-fold, 17.67–1087.0 µg/g manganese; 40.8-fold, 42.0–1713.5 µg/g aluminium). Due to their variability in leaf nutritive value, bamboo species should be carefully chosen when they are used as a feedstock. The results from this study will be useful for the bamboo industry, producers and consumers.

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