Bacterial resistance mechanisms for heavy metals of environmental concern

1995 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guangyong Ji ◽  
Simon Silver
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Bacterial Resistance ◽  
Environmental Concern ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms

Assessment of the correctness of identification and determination of antimicrobial susceptibility of Streptococcus pneumoniae in microbiological laboratories in Poland

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 271-276
Author(s):  
Ewa Młodzińska ◽  
Waleria Hryniewicz
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Bacterial Resistance ◽  
External Quality Assessment ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
Medical Problems ◽  
External Quality ◽  
External Quality Assessment Scheme ◽  
Reliable Identification

The increase in bacterial resistance to antimicrobials is one of the most serious medical problems, therefore reliable identification in microbiological laboratories is important. The Polish National External Quality Assessment Scheme in Microbiological Diagnostics – POLMICRO programme is organized by the Centre of Quality Control in Microbiology (CQCM) enables the assessment of the competence of Polish microbiological laboratories in the field of identification, determination of susceptibility and detection of drug resistance mechanisms. This work presents the assessment of the results of identification and determination of S. pneumoniae antimicrobial susceptibility obtained by Polish laboratories during the 20 years of experience of the POLMICRO programme.

Bacterial Resistance to Antibiotics: Mechanisms and Prevalence in Hospitals and Nursing Homes

DICP ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 23 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 556-561 ◽  
Author(s):  
John A. Bosso
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Homes ◽  
Bacterial Resistance ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
Resistance To Antibiotics

Bacterial resistance to antibiotics has become an increasingly distressing problem over the last few decades. In this article, known resistance mechanisms are reviewed and the extent of the problem in both hospitals and nursing homes is addressed. Suggestions for preventing the further spread of this problem are presented.

scholarly journals Environmental impact of the Midia Port - Black Sea (Romania), on the coastal sediment quality

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 174-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina Catianis ◽  
Constantin Ungureanu ◽  
Luca Magagnini ◽  
Elisa Ulazzi ◽  
Tiziana Campisi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Environmental Concern ◽  
Sediment Quality ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Water Runoff ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of potential pollution sources, mainly from the upstream anthropogenic sources and port-related activities. The in-vestigated area covered a wide range of anthropogenic im-pacts (e.g., industrial wastes, storm water runoff, acciden-tal oil spills, intentional discharges and shipping activities). The quality of water and Sediments was assessed us-ing Standard methods, as physical-chemical parameters, chemistry and biology (microbiology, ecotoxicology) aim-ing to figure the level of pollution and the effect of port-related activities. Seawater quality results agreed generally with environmental Standards. Though, in some samples the concentrations of sulphates (mg/1) and heavy metals (μg/1), as B, As and Se exceeded the recommended lim-its, without posing a serious environmental concern. Most of the surface sediment samples contain critical levels of hydrocarbons (C>12), (mg/kg), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (ng/g) and polychlorobiphenyls (ng/g). For some heavy metals (mg/kg), exchangeable concentrations were found to be very close or above the regulations. The signifi-cance of this study is incontestable taking into account the lack of previous relevant historical data of this area. In this sense, it was possible to indicate, in general, good environmental conditions, despite the industrial and concentrated local port-related activities in the investigated area.

scholarly journals Analisis Mutasi pada Kodon 531 Pada Gen Rpob Mycobacterium tuberculosis Penyebab Resistensi Rifampisin

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 140
Author(s):  
Yatnita Parama Cita ◽  
Dwi Hilda Putri
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Bacterial Resistance ◽  
Rpob Gene ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
Primer Design ◽  
Reference Sequence ◽  
Multi Drug Resistance ◽  
Accession Number ◽  
Chemotherapy Agent ◽  
Primer Design Program

Tuberculosis (TB) is a serious disesase in the world. According to the WHO, it is estimated more than 3 million people die every year as a result of this infectious disease. One factor that causes diffi culty handling TB chemoteraphy is not effective against the bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis that causes TB . Effectiveness of treatment is often hampered by the emergence of bacterial resistance against M. Tuberculosis chemotherapy agents are given. From some research found that bacterial resistance may occur in more one type of chemotherapy agent also known as multi-drug resistance (MDR). Mycobacterium tuberculosis develop resistance mechanisms that are different from other bacteria in general. In prokaryotes, resistance is generally due to the transfer of genetic, either through plasmids,transposons and other. Reference sequence beta sub unit of RNAP protein M. Tuberculosis with accession number NP_215181.1 and M. tucerculosis rpoB gene with accession number NC_000962.3 used to obtain preliminary information from the data base www.ncbi.nlm.gov and www.uniprot.org . Mutation done according to several studies literature. Analysis of the composition, profi le, location and structure of protein using www.expasy.org, TMHMM and http://bioinf.cs.ucl.ac.uk/psipred. The primer design is done with Primer Design Program. Based on the analysis of mutation in the beta subunit of RNAP protein M. Tuberculosis, codon 531 (Ser ->Leu), it is known that mutations cause changes in some properties and structure of proteins. Possible changes affecting the nature of bacterial resistance to antibiotics rifampicin. However, further analysis needs to be done with the analysis of the docking technique.

Tolerance of Microorganisms to Heavy Metals

2021 ◽  
pp. 19-35
Author(s):  
Joan Mwihaki Nyika
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Pollution ◽  
Heavy Metal Pollution ◽  
Metal Toxicity ◽  
Environmental Concern ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Bioremediation Processes

Heavy metal pollution is a growing environmental concern due to the increase in anthropogenic-based sources. Microorganisms have high adsorptive capacities and surface-area-to-volume ratio that enable the uptake of these contaminants and their conversion to innocuous complexes in the process of bioremediation. This chapter explores the mechanisms and specific microorganisms that are resistant to metal toxicity. A wide range of bacterial, algae, and fungal species used as biosorbents are highlighted. Mechanisms such as reduction of metal cations, their sequestration, and binding on cell barriers are discussed. To optimise the efficacy of microorganisms in bioremediation processes, adoption of genetic and nano-technologies is recommended.

scholarly journals A Review on Characterization of Sediments for Green Bricks Production

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.35) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
L. W. Ean ◽  
M. A. Malek ◽  
Bashar S. Mohammed ◽  
Chao-Wei Tang ◽  
P. X. H. Bong
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Environmental Concern ◽  
Leaching Test ◽  
Contaminated Sediment ◽  
Dredged Sediment ◽  
Environmental Friendly ◽  
Regulatory Limits ◽  
Viable Solution

Accumulation of dredged sediment has raised environmental concern in various countries. Recycling of sediment into bricks is a viable solution to the environmental pollution. Concerning to the utilization of sediment in bricks, this study reviews the needs of characterization on sediment and methods of producing sediment bricks. Particle size distribution was found to be the key criteria for characterization of sediment. Sizes of particles determined the function of the sediments in the bricks. In spite of that, leachability of heavy metals is another important aspect for contaminated sediment. Cementing bricks used cementing materials as the stabilization agent to the heavy metals. It is necessary to conduct leaching test for the end-product of the sediment to ensure the heavy metals leached are within the regulatory limits. In conclusion, method of producing sediment bricks may vary due to the various characteristics of sediment for a promising environmental friendly production.  

scholarly journals Contamination of Soil and Plant By the Hazaribagh Tannery Industries

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
MN Mondol ◽  
A Asia ◽  
AS Chamon ◽  
SMA Faiz
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Food Chain ◽  
Environmental Concern ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Industrial Activities ◽  
Plant Samples ◽  
High Concentrations

An investigation was made at Hazaribagh Tannery area, comprising about 145 industries in Dhaka Metropolitan area. The analyses of soil and plant samples showed that heavy metals contribute significantly towards environmental contamssination resulting from industrial activities. Concentration of heavy metals (Cr, Zn, Pb, Cd, Mn, Fe and Ni) in soil and plant samples cross the MAC (Maximum allowable concentration) in both wet and dry season. In case of soil sample the highest concentration of Cr (172792 ppm) was found at main disposal point. Chromium, Zn, Pb, Cd, Mn, Fe and Ni concentrations at Hazaribagh plant samples respectively ranged from 171-1348, 247-777, 45-96, 1.66-2.17, 72-231, 354-787, and 18-38 ppm respectively in dry season and 75-1142, 209-691, 29- 84, 1.02-2.00, 66-124, 331-664, 11-37 ppm respectively in wet season. Concentration went down gradually with increasing distance from the main disposal point (spot 1). But again high concentration (150708 ppm of Cr) was noted in spot 6. Similar results were found for plant samples. High concentrations of heavy metals were found in plant samples which consequently affect food chain, which may be a major environmental concern. Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 43(2): 207-222, December 2017

scholarly journals Experimental Induction of Bacterial Resistance to the Antimicrobial Peptide Tachyplesin I and Investigation of the Resistance Mechanisms

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 (10) ◽  
pp. 6067-6075 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Hong ◽  
Jianye Hu ◽  
Fei Ke
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Peptide ◽  
Bacterial Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
Cross Resistance ◽  
Antibacterial Drug ◽  
Cationic Antimicrobial Peptide ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Tachyplesin I

ABSTRACTTachyplesin I is a 17-amino-acid cationic antimicrobial peptide (AMP) with a typical cyclic antiparallel β-sheet structure that is a promising therapeutic for infections, tumors, and viruses. To date, no bacterial resistance to tachyplesin I has been reported. To explore the safety of tachyplesin I as an antibacterial drug for wide clinical application, we experimentally induced bacterial resistance to tachyplesin I by using two selection procedures and studied the preliminary resistance mechanisms.Aeromonas hydrophilaXS91-4-1,Pseudomonas aeruginosaCGMCC1.2620, andEscherichia coliATCC 25922 and F41 showed resistance to tachyplesin I under long-term selection pressure with continuously increasing concentrations of tachyplesin I. In addition,P. aeruginosaandE. coliexhibited resistance to tachyplesin I under UV mutagenesis selection conditions. Cell growth and colony morphology were slightly different between control strains and strains with induced resistance. Cross-resistance to tachyplesin I and antimicrobial agents (cefoperazone and amikacin) or other AMPs (pexiganan, tachyplesin III, and polyphemusin I) was observed in some resistant mutants. Previous studies showed that extracellular protease-mediated degradation of AMPs induced bacterial resistance to AMPs. Our results indicated that the resistance mechanism ofP. aeruginosawas not entirely dependent on extracellular proteolytic degradation of tachyplesin I; however, tachyplesin I could induce increased proteolytic activity inP. aeruginosa. Most importantly, our findings raise serious concerns about the long-term risks associated with the development and clinical use of tachyplesin I.

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