Experimental studies on the prediction and prevention of stress ulcers using tonometry, reflectance spectrophotometry and oxygenated perfluorochemicals

1991 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 661-668 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abul Faiz Mohammad Matin ◽  
Shozo Baba ◽  
Ahmed Choudhury
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Reflectance Spectrophotometry ◽  
Stress Ulcers ◽  
Prediction And Prevention

Dynamic Response Analyses of Rabbit Knee Joint

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kasra ◽  
M. D. Grynpas ◽  
A. Shirazi-Adl
Keyword(s):  
Knee Joint ◽  
Dynamic System ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Knee Injuries ◽  
Nonlinear Dynamic System ◽  
Rabbit Knee ◽  
Prediction And Prevention ◽  
Joint Load ◽  
Dynamic Loading Conditions ◽  
Knee Disorders

Abstract The knee joint is a complex nonlinear dynamic system. It is generally known that mechanical factors play an important role in the etiology of knee injuries and diseases such as osteoarthritis. While performing daily activities such as walking, running, and climbing as well as during occupational operations, the joint is exposed to vibrations and multiple impacts. During these activities, according to an individual’s condition (e.g., age, fitness, weight), the joint load and stiffness may reach critical limits initiating or accelerating different knee disorders. This is the case in athletes or workers during occupational activities (1). Therefore, understanding the dynamic characteristics of the knee joint is essential in prediction and prevention of knee disorders as well as in subsequent joint replacement and rehabilitation procedures. There have been very few reported experimental studies investigating the dynamic behavior of the whole knee joint as a dynamic system (2). The objective of this study was to investigate the changes in mechanical properties of the rabbit knee joint under different compressive dynamic loading conditions. Rabbit has frequently been used as an osteoarthritic knee model (3). The data obtained in this study, hence, will also be beneficial in our future studies of osteoarthritic rabbit models.

scholarly journals Prediction and prevention of postoperative intra-abdominal adhesive complications in children

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-132
Author(s):  
Sh. A. Yusupov ◽  
U. T. Suvonkulov ◽  
Sh. Sh. Yusupov ◽  
V. U. Sataev
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
Adhesion Formation ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Oxygen Mixture ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Acetylation Phenotype ◽  
Prediction And Prevention ◽  
Synthetic Function ◽  
Adhesive Intestinal Obstruction

The aim of this work was to study the morphology of adhesion formation under the influence of ozone in the experiment, as well as the development of prediction criteria and methods for correcting increased adhesion in children.Materials and methods. Experimental studies were carried out on 36 rabbits «Shinshilla» with a body weight of 0.7–1.2 kg., of which 12 animals were included in the control group, which did not carry out ozonation of the abdominal cavity. The main group consisted of 24 rabbits, which were divided into two subgroups (12 animals in each subgroup), which ozonized the abdominal cavity with an ozone-oxygen mixture. In order to study the prognostic value of the acetylation phenotype in the formation of intraperitoneal adhesions, 67 children with symptoms of adhesive intestinal obstruction were examined.Results. The results of experimental studies showed that in animals of the control group there was the formation of massive adhesions. The basis of adhesions is connective tissue with a significant number of fibroblasts, blood vessels and collagen fibers. In animals of the main group, sharp inhibition of adhesion formation, a delay in the differentiation of fibroblasts and inhibition of their synthetic function were revealed. Acetylation phenotype was determined in 58 patients with appendicular peritonitis. 30 (51%) children turned out to be slow acetylators, and in 28 (49%) patients the phenotype of fast acetylation was established. The results of the study allowed us to isolate fast acetylators as a risk group for excessive adhesion formation and timely start therapeutic and preventive measures.

3-D reconstruction and analysis of mammalian mitotic spindle structure

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 578-579
Author(s):  
Kent McDonald ◽  
David Mastronarde ◽  
Rubai Ding ◽  
Eileen O'Toole ◽  
J. Richard McIntosh
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Mitotic Spindle ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Video Camera ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Mitotic Spindles ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Reconstruction Methods ◽  
Spindle Structure ◽  
Tissue Culture Line

Mammalian spindles are generally large and may contain over a thousand microtubules (MTs). For this reason they are difficult to reconstruct in three dimensions and many researchers have chosen to study the smaller and simpler spindles of lower eukaryotes. Nevertheless, the mammalian spindle is used for many experimental studies and it would be useful to know its detailed structure.We have been using serial cross sections and computer reconstruction methods to analyze MT distributions in mitotic spindles of PtK cells, a mammalian tissue culture line. Images from EM negatives are digtized on a light box by a Dage MTI video camera containing a black and white Saticon tube. The signal is digitized by a Parallax 1280 graphics device in a MicroVax III computer. Microtubules are digitized at a magnification such that each is 10-12 pixels in diameter.

Effects of Attachment Styles on the Experience of Equity in Heterosexual Couples Relationships

2003 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 298-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ina Grau ◽  
Jörg Doll
Keyword(s):  
Attachment Theory ◽  
Attachment Style ◽  
Intimate Relationships ◽  
Attachment Styles ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
The Other ◽  
Heterosexual Couples ◽  
Secure Attachment ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
Equity Ratio

Abstract. Employing one correlational and two experimental studies, this paper examines the influence of attachment styles (secure, anxious, avoidant) on a person’s experience of equity in intimate relationships. While one experimental study employed a priming technique to stimulate the different attachment styles, the other involved vignettes describing fictitious characters with typical attachment styles. As the specific hypotheses about the single equity components have been developed on the basis of the attachment theory, the equity ratio itself and the four equity components (own outcome, own input, partner’s outcome, partner’s input) are analyzed as dependent variables. While partners with a secure attachment style tend to describe their relationship as equitable (i.e., they give and take extensively), partners who feel anxious about their relationship generally see themselves as being in an inequitable, disadvantaged position (i.e., they receive little from their partner). The hypothesis that avoidant partners would feel advantaged as they were less committed was only supported by the correlational study. Against expectations, the results of both experiments indicate that avoidant partners generally see themselves (or see avoidant vignettes) as being treated equitably, but that there is less emotional exchange than is the case with secure partners. Avoidant partners give and take less than secure ones.

Exneriana – II – The Scientific Legacy of John E. Exner, Jr. 1Part of this paper was presented at the XIXth International Congress of Rorschach and Projective Methods, July 22–26, 2008, Louvain, Belgium.

2008 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Andronikof
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
International Congress ◽  
Response Process ◽  
Scientific Legacy ◽  
Projective Test ◽  
Projective Methods ◽  
Comprehensive Picture ◽  
Complex Mechanisms

Based on an analysis of John Exner’s peer-reviewed published work from 1959 to 2007, plus a brief comment for an editorial in Rorschachiana, the author draws a comprehensive picture of the scientific work of this outstanding personality. The article is divided into three sections: (1) the experimental studies on the Rorschach, (2) the clinical studies using the Rorschach, and (3) Exner’s “testament,” which we draw from the last paper he saw published before his death (Exner, 2001/2002). The experimental studies were aimed at better understanding the nature of the test, in particular the respective roles of perception and projection in the response process. These fundamental studies led to a deeper understanding of the complex mechanisms involved in the Rorschach responses and introduced some hypotheses about the intentions of the author of the test. The latter were subsequently confirmed by the preparatory sketches and documents of Hermann Rorschach, which today can be seen at the H. Rorschach Archives and Museum in Bern (Switzerland). Exner’s research has evidenced the notion that the Rorschach is a perceptive-cognitive-projective test.

The “Big Two” in Political Communication

2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauro Bertolotti ◽  
Patrizia Catellani ◽  
Karen M. Douglas ◽  
Robbie M. Sutton
Keyword(s):  
Political Communication ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Political Sophistication

In two experimental studies (conducted in Britain and Italy), participants read about a politician answering to leadership- versus morality-related allegations using either downward counterfactuals (“things could have been worse, if ...”) or upward counterfactuals (“things could have been better, if ...”). Downward messages increased the perception of the politician’s leadership, while both downward and upward messages increased morality perception. Political sophistication moderated the effect of message direction, with downward messages increasing perceived morality in low sophisticates and upward messages increasing perceived morality in high sophisticates. In the latter group, the acknowledgment of an intent to take responsibility mediated morality judgment. Results were consistent across different countries, highlighting previously unexplored effects of communication on the perception of the “Big Two” dimensions.

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