scholarly journals Engaging traditional barbers to identify and refer newborns for routine immunization services in Sokoto, Nigeria: a mixed methods evaluation

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (9) ◽  
pp. 1785-1795
Author(s):  
Leanne Dougherty ◽  
Masduk Abdulkarim ◽  
Aliyu Ahmed ◽  
Yakubu Cherima ◽  
Aliyu Ladan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vaccine Coverage ◽  
Low Literacy ◽  
Continuous Training ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Enabling Factors ◽  
Mixed Methods Evaluation ◽  
Training Materials ◽  
Immunization Services ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Coverage Rates

Abstract Objectives This study evaluates the effectiveness of an intervention that engaged traditional barbers to inform parents about the importance of vaccination and then refer newborns for vaccination services. Methods We conducted a pre-post quasi-experimental study (n = 2639) to evaluate changes in the coverage of three birth antigens among children aged 0–5 months in response to the intervention. We also conducted in-depth interviews and focus group discussions to assess the enabling factors and challenges associated with implementation. Results We found mothers who received a yellow referral card from a traditional barber were two to three times more likely to vaccinate their children with the three birth antigens. Qualitative findings indicated that the intervention influenced parent’s decision to vaccinate their newborn because the barbers were considered a trusted community advisor. Challenges stemmed from the low levels of literacy among community leaders and barbers that resulted in the need for continuous training, low-literacy training materials and supervision. Conclusions Efforts to increase vaccine coverage rates in northern Nigeria should consider expanding the role of traditional barbers to encourage parents to accept vaccines.

scholarly journals Conocimientos, habilidades y actitudes profesionales para la intervención breve en adicciones

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 8-20
Author(s):  
Silvia Morales-Chainé ◽  
Violeta Felix-Romero ◽  
Germán Palafox Palafox ◽  
José Luis Vázquez Martínez
Keyword(s):  
Direct Observation ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Behavioral Assessment ◽  
Brief Interventions ◽  
Continuous Training ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Training Materials ◽  
Training Modality ◽  
Comparison Groups ◽  
Quasi Experimental

Introduction: the continuous training and certification of primary healthcare professionals support the implementation of brief interventions to address drug use. Objective: our objective was to validate the training materials of the “Universal Treatment Curriculum for Health Professionals” by assessing the knowledge, skills, and attitudes. Method: we worked with 823 health professionals (137 from Argentina, 59 from Colombia, 86 from El Salvador, 398 from Mexico and 143 from Uruguay), regarding the utilization of brief intervention, according to the training modality in which they participated (272 face-to-face, 125 mixed, and 426 online). We applied a written knowledge evaluation, behavioral assessment of skills - attitudes, and a Satisfaction Questionnaire. A post-quasi-experimental design was used, with comparison groups to assess knowledge, skills, attitudes (through direct observation) and satisfaction of health professionals. Results: the results of the written evaluation and direct observation indicate that both, the training materials and the pedagogical strategy, increased knowledge, skills, and attitudes for the implementation of brief interventions. Conclusions: in this way, a successful dissemination tool was obtained, based on the contents recommended by international organizations and validated in the field of clinical application of the basic principles of behavior.

scholarly journals Use of surveys to evaluate an integrated oral cholera vaccine campaign in response to a cholera outbreak in Hoima district, Uganda

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. e038464
Author(s):  
Godfrey Bwire ◽  
Mellisa Roskosky ◽  
Anne Ballard ◽  
W Abdullah Brooks ◽  
Alfred Okello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staff Training ◽  
Vaccine Coverage ◽  
Vaccination Campaign ◽  
Cholera Vaccine ◽  
Cholera Outbreak ◽  
Staff Members ◽  
Skill Gaps ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Oral Cholera Vaccine ◽  
Coverage Rates

ObjectivesTo evaluate the quality and coverage of the campaign to distribute oral cholera vaccine (OCV) during a cholera outbreak in Hoima, Uganda to guide future campaigns of cholera vaccine.DesignSurvey of communities targeted for vaccination to determine vaccine coverage rates and perceptions of the vaccination campaign, and a separate survey of vaccine staff who carried out the campaign.SettingHoima district, Uganda.ParticipantsRepresentative clusters of households residing in the communities targeted for vaccination and staff members who conducted the vaccine campaign.ResultsAmong 209 households (1274 individuals) included in the coverage survey, 1193 (94%; 95% CI 92% to 95%) reported receiving at least one OCV dose and 998 (78%; 95% CI 76% to 81%) reported receiving two doses. Among vaccinated individuals, minor complaints were reported by 71 persons (5.6%). Individuals with ‘some’ education (primary school or above) were more knowledgeable regarding the required OCV doses compared with non-educated (p=0.03). Factors negatively associated with campaign implementation included community sensitisation time, staff payment and problems with field transport. Although the campaign was carried out quickly, the outbreak was over before the campaign started. Most staff involved in the campaign (93%) were knowledgeable about cholera control; however, 29% did not clearly understand how to detect and manage adverse events following immunisation.ConclusionThe campaign achieved high OCV coverage, but the surveys provided insights for improvement. To achieve high vaccine coverage, more effort is needed for community sensitisation, and additional resources for staff transportation and timely payment for campaign staff is required. Pretest and post-test assessment of staff training can identify and address knowledge and skill gaps.

Vaccine Coverage Across the Life Course in Michigan During the COVID-19 Pandemic: January–September 2020

2021 ◽  
pp. e1-e9
Author(s):  
Angela K. Shen ◽  
Cristi A. Bramer ◽  
Lynsey M. Kimmins ◽  
Robert Swanson ◽  
Patricia Vranesich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Course ◽  
Vaccination Coverage ◽  
Vaccine Coverage ◽  
Childhood Vaccination ◽  
Local Health ◽  
Immunization Registry ◽  
Immunization Services ◽  
Vaccines For Children ◽  
The Life Course ◽  
The Impact

Objectives. To assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on immunization services across the life course. Methods. In this retrospective study, we used Michigan immunization registry data from 2018 through September 2020 to assess the number of vaccine doses administered, number of sites providing immunization services to the Vaccines for Children population, provider location types that administer adult vaccines, and vaccination coverage for children. Results. Of 12 004 384 individual vaccine doses assessed, 48.6%, 15.6%, and 35.8% were administered to children (aged 0–8 years), adolescents (aged 9–18 years), and adults (aged 19–105 years), respectively. Doses administered overall decreased beginning in February 2020, with peak declines observed in April 2020 (63.3%). Overall decreases in adult doses were observed in all settings except obstetrics and gynecology provider offices and pharmacies. Local health departments reported a 66.4% decrease in doses reported. For children, the total number of sites administering pediatric vaccines decreased while childhood vaccination coverage decreased 4.4% overall and 5.8% in Medicaid-enrolled children. Conclusions. The critical challenge is to return to prepandemic levels of vaccine doses administered as well as to catch up individuals for vaccinations missed. (Am J Public Health. Published online ahead of print October 7, 2021: e1–e9. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2021.306474 )

scholarly journals The Effectiveness of Community-Based Continuous Training on Promoting Positive Behaviors towards Birth Preparedness, Male Involvement, and Maternal Services Utilization among Expecting Couples in Rukwa, Tanzania: A Theory of Planned Behavior Quasi-Experimental Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabiola V. Moshi ◽  
Stephen M. Kibusi ◽  
Flora Fabian
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Theory Of Planned Behavior ◽  
Male Involvement ◽  
Birth Preparedness ◽  
Continuous Training ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Services Utilization ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Positive Behaviors ◽  
Quasi Experimental

Background. Rukwa Region has the highest maternal mortality ratio, 860 deaths per 100,000 live births in Tanzania. The region has neonatal mortality rate of 38 deaths per 1,000 live births. Previous interventions to promote maternal and neonatal health targeted access to maternal services by removing financial barriers and increasing the number of health facilities. However, maternal service utilization remains very low, especially facility delivery. The proposed intervention was sought to address deep-rooted behavioral beliefs, normative beliefs, control beliefs, and knowledge empowerment to determine their effect on improving birth preparedness, male involvement, and maternal services utilization. The study tested the effectiveness of a Community-Based Continuous Training (CBCT) intervention that was based upon the theory of planned behavior and was sought to promote positive behaviors. Methods. The study used a quasi-experimental design. The design consisted of pre- and postintervention assessments of two nonequivalent groups. Two districts were selected conveniently using criteria of high home birth. A district to hold intervention was picked randomly. Study participants were expecting couples at gestation age of 24 weeks and below. After obtaining informed consents, participants were subjected to baseline assessment. Expecting couples in the intervention group had two training sessions and two encounter discussions. The three primary outcomes of the study were changes in the level of knowledge about birth preparedness, male involvement, and use of maternal services. Data were collected at preintervention, midintervention, and postintervention. Policy Implications of the Results. The aim of this paper was to describe the study protocol of a quasi-experimental study design to test the effectiveness of an interventional program on promoting positive behaviors on birth preparedness, male involvement, and maternal services utilization among expecting couples. This study has a potential to address the challenge of low birth preparedness, male involvement, and use of maternal health services in Rukwa Region.

scholarly journals Decreasing vaccine coverage rates lead to increased vulnerability to the importation of vaccine-preventable diseases in Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis Minoru Fujita ◽  
Felipe Scassi Salvador ◽  
Luiz Henrique da Silva Nali ◽  
Expedito José de Albuquerque Luna
Keyword(s):  
Vaccine Coverage ◽  
Vaccine Preventable Diseases ◽  
Coverage Rates

scholarly journals Reinforcement of human resources in implementing healthy indonesian program with family approach

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Retno Widiarini ◽  
Djazuly Chalidyanto ◽  
Eva Rusdianah
Keyword(s):  
Human Resources ◽  
Continuous Training ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Center Staff ◽  
Family Approach ◽  
Design And Methods ◽  
Document Review ◽  
Feeling Overwhelmed ◽  
Depth Interviews

Background: The Healthy Indonesia Program is a government program implemented with the Family Approach (HIP-FA) through a survey on healthy families. However, the quality of the program depend on the performance of the Human Resources (HR). This study aims to examine various aspects of HR in implementing the program at health centers. Design and methods: Data were collected through in-depth interviews, Focus Group Discussions, and document review on eight informants at the Health Office center. Results: Four themes revealed from the study: being burdened, feeling overwhelmed, feeling incompetent, and confused managing technology. The results showed that the implementation of the HIP-FA survey is an additional burden for health center staff. Conclusions: It is necessary to strengthen the implementation of all programs through continuous training and education, positive affirmation, recalculating employee workload and remunerations.

scholarly journals Barriers and Enabling Factors for Central and Household Level Water Treatment in a Refugee Setting: A Mixed-Method Study among Rohingyas in Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 3149
Author(s):  
Mahbub-Ul Alam ◽  
Leanne Unicomb ◽  
S.M. Monirul Ahasan ◽  
Nuhu Amin ◽  
Debashish Biswas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Religious Conversion ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Refugee Camps ◽  
Motivating Factors ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Enabling Factors ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Water Chlorination ◽  
Water Taste

Water chlorination is widely used in emergency responses to reduce diarrheal diseases, although communities with no prior exposure to chlorinated drinking water can have low acceptability. To better inform water treatment interventions, the study explored acceptability, barriers, and motivating-factors of a piped water chlorination program, and household level chlorine-tablet distribution, in place for four months in Rohingya refugee camps, Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh. We collected data from June to August 2018 from four purposively selected refugee camps using structured observation, key-informant-interviews, transect-walks, group discussions, focus-group discussions, and in-depth-interviews with males, females, adolescent girls, and community leaders. Smell and taste of chlorinated water were commonly reported barriers among the population that had previously consumed groundwater. Poor quality source-water and suboptimal resultant treated-water, and long-queues for water collection were common complaints. Chlorine-tablet users reported inadequate and interrupted tablet supply, and inconsistent information delivered by different organisations caused confusion. Respondents reported fear of adverse-effects of "chemicals/medicine" used to treat water, especially fear of religious conversion. Water treatment options were reported as easy-to-use, and perceived health-benefits were motivating-factors. In vulnerable refugee communities, community and religious-leaders can formulate and deliver messages to address water taste and smell, instil trust, allay fears, and address rumours/misinformation to maximise early uptake.

Evolution of hepatitis B vaccine coverage rates in France between 2008 and 2011

2013 ◽  
Vol 43 (7) ◽  
pp. 272-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Denis ◽  
R. Cohen ◽  
A. Martinot ◽  
J.-P. Stahl ◽  
T. Lery ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Vaccine Coverage ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccine ◽  
Coverage Rates

scholarly journals Impact of vaccination on the incidence of measles in Mozambique in the period 2000 to 2011

2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 257-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Artur Manuel Muloliwa ◽  
Luiz Antonio Bastos Camacho ◽  
José Fernando Souza Verani ◽  
Taynãna César Simões ◽  
Martinho do Carmo Dgedge
Keyword(s):  
Vaccine Coverage ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Measles Elimination ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Maputo City ◽  
Measles Vaccination ◽  
Coverage Rates ◽  
Vaccination Campaigns ◽  
Measles Incidence ◽  
The Impact

The aim of this study was to contribute to the better planning of measles elimination actions in Mozambique, by considering the impact of vaccination actions over the period 2000 to 2011. Descriptive and ecological studies and case records made available by the Ministry of Health were used to analyze measles vaccination coverage. Statistical analysis was performed using time series and spatial analysis. Vaccine coverage rates ranged from 82% to 99%. Coverage rates in Maputo city were under 70% and in Niassa province they were over 100%. Coverage showed a clustered pattern in the districts. The measles incidence rate was 1.58 per 100,000 inhabitants (0.00-40.08 per 100,000 inhabitants); districts bordering neighboring countries presented high incidence rates. Although measles morbidity and mortality has decreased in Mozambique, vaccine coverage has been insufficient to interrupt measles transmission. Enhanced surveillance, including investigation of cases and outbreaks, and improvements in measles vaccination are recommended in order to achieve a homogenous coverage rate of ≥ 95% for both routine and mass vaccination campaigns.

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