scholarly journals Recidivism at the puerto rico trauma hospital

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana Suárez-Cruz ◽  
Ediel O. Ramos-Meléndez ◽  
Mariely Nieves-Plaza ◽  
Lourdes Guerrios ◽  
Pablo Rodríguez-Ortiz
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Recidivism Rate ◽  
Prevention Strategies ◽  
Rank Tests ◽  
Signed Rank ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
Independent Risk Factors ◽  
Hospital Registry ◽  
Trauma Recidivism

Abstract Purpose Although trauma represents a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, there is limited and heterogeneous evidence regarding trauma recidivism and its outcomes. This analysis determined the rate and independent risk factors of trauma recidivism and compared the first and second injury episode among recidivists. Methods An IRB-approved retrospective cohort study was performed with data from the Puerto Rico Trauma Hospital Registry. Bivariate analyses were done using Pearson’s Chi squared, Wilcoxon rank-sum, McNemar, Stuart-Maxwell or Wilcoxon signed-rank tests, as appropriate. Independent predictors for recidivism were determined through a logistic regression model. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results 24,650 patients were admitted to the hospital during 2000–2017. Recidivism rate was 14 per 1,000 patients discharged alive. Males and individuals aged 15–24 years old were 3.88 (95% CI: 2.21–6.80) and 3.80 (95% CI: 2.24–6.46) times more likely to be recidivists, respectively. Contrariwise, an ISS $$\ge$$ ≥ 25 [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 0.44; 95% CI: 0.28–0.68] and a GCS $$\le$$ ≤ 8 (AOR = 0.56; 95% CI 0.34–0.92) were protective factors. Furthermore, recidivists exhibited less in-hospital mortality than their non-recidivist counterparts (7.2% vs. 10.7%; p = 0.045). For recidivists, the median (interquartile range) time to reinjury was 42 (59) months; and the second injury episode was more severe than the first one, as the proportion of patients with ISS $$\ge$$ ≥ 25 increased (7.9% vs. 14.1%; p = 0.022). Conclusion The independent predictors of trauma recidivism and the median time to reinjury identified in this study provide valuable information to the development of prevention strategies aimed at reducing the burden of injury.

scholarly journals The Continental Divide: Anti-TNF Use in Pediatric IBD Is Different in North America Compared to Other Parts of the World

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter C. Church ◽  
Jeffrey Hyams ◽  
Frank Ruemmele ◽  
Lissy de Ridder ◽  
Dan Turner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Practice Patterns ◽  
Rank Tests ◽  
North Americans ◽  
Steroid Dependent ◽  
Continental Divide ◽  
Signed Rank ◽  
International Pediatric ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
Pediatric Ibd

Background and Aims. Use of anti-TNF therapies varies internationally. As an initiative of the international Pediatric IBD Network (PIBDNet), we compared global pediatric IBD anti-TNF practice patterns. Methods. Physicians were surveyed about anti-TNF use in Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Chi-squared, independent samples Mann–Whitney U, or related samples Wilcoxon signed rank tests were used to compare groups. Results. 344 physicians treating pediatric IBD responded from 43 countries (54% North America, 29% Europe, 6% Oceania, 6% Asia, 3% Africa, and 2% South America). Respondents treated a median 40 IBD patients. CD was more commonly treated with anti-TNF than UC (40% vs. 10%, p<0.001). North Americans more often used anti-TNF (median 50% vs. 30%, p<0.001) and before immunomodulator (80% vs. 35% CD, p<0.001; 76% vs. 43% steroid-dependent UC, p<0.001). Anti-TNF monotherapy was more common in North America. Anti-TNF in combination with methotrexate, instead of thiopurine, characterized North American practices. North Americans more often continued immunomodulator indefinitely and less often adhered to standard infliximab induction dosing. Access limitations were more common outside North America and Europe for both CD (67% vs. 31%, p<0.001) and UC (62% vs. 33%, p<0.001). Conclusions. Anti-TNF use in North America varies significantly from elsewhere.

scholarly journals Parathyroid hormone Gene and Genes Involved in the Maintenance of Vitamin D Levels Association with Mandibular Retrognathism

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 369
Author(s):  
Erika Calvano Küchler ◽  
Caio Luiz Bitencourt Reis ◽  
Guido Marañón-Vásquez ◽  
Paulo Nelson-Filho ◽  
Mírian Aiko Nakane Matsumoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Interaction Model ◽  
Distribution Analysis ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Allele Distribution ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
Mandibular Retrognathism

In this study we evaluated whether single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the genes encoding PTH, VDR, CYP24A1, and CYP27B1 were associated with mandibular retrognathism (MR). Samples from biologically-unrelated Brazilian patients receiving orthodontic treatment were included in this study. Pre-orthodontic lateral cephalograms were used to determine the phenotype. Patients with a retrognathic mandible were selected as cases and those with an orthognathic mandible were selected as controls. Genomic DNA was used for genotyping analysis of SNPs in PTH (rs694, rs6256, and rs307247), VDR (rs7975232), CYP24A1 (rs464653), and CYP27B1 (rs927650). Chi-squared or Fisher’s tests were used to compare genotype and allele distribution among groups. Haplotype analysis was performed for the SNPs in PTH. The established alpha was p < 0.05. Multifactor dimensionality reduction (MDR) was used to identify SNP–SNP interactions. A total of 48 (22 males and 26 females) MR and 43 (17 males and 26 females) controls were included. The linear mandibular and the angular measurements were statistically different between MR and controls (p < 0.05). In the genotype and allele distribution analysis, the SNPs rs694, rs307247, and rs464653 were associated with MR (p < 0.05). MDR analyses predicted the best interaction model for MR was rs694–rs927650, followed by rs307247–rs464653–rs927650. Some haplotypes in the PTH gene presented statistical significance. Our results suggest that SNPs in PTH, VDR, CYP24A1, and CYP27B1 genes are associated with the presence of mandibular retrognathism.

Reflecting on Your Reflection: Examining the Effect of a Non-Reversing Mirror on Self Perception

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Russell S Frautschi ◽  
Lynn M Orfahli ◽  
James E Zins
Keyword(s):  
Cosmetic Surgery ◽  
Qualitative Difference ◽  
Mirror Image ◽  
Communication Tool ◽  
Self Perception ◽  
Photographic Images ◽  
Signed Rank ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
The Face ◽  
Physician Patient

Abstract Background Photographic images can clash markedly with patients’ self-perception. Individuals are more familiar with their mirror image, where their facial asymmetries are reversed. A non-reversing mirror (NRM) allows patients to see their dynamic non-reversed image and familiarize themselves with how they appear in photographs and to others. Objectives We aim to explore the effect that a non-reversing mirror has on facial self-perception and if it changes an individuals goals when considering cosmetic surgery. Methods Individuals (n=30) filled out portions of the FACE-Q™ after inspecting their reflections in a non-reversing mirror and in a standard mirror for 30 seconds each. Following both, investigators asked qualitative questions comparing the two mirrors. Wilcoxon signed-rank, Mann Whitney U, and Pearson’s Chi-squared tests were performed for analysis. Results Participants scored significantly better on the FACE-Q™ Age Appraisal and Appearance-Related Psychosocial Distress when using a standard mirror vs. NRM (p=0.007 and 0.001, respectively). Qualitatively, most reported that their faces seemed less symmetric and less balanced (73% and 53%, respectively) in the NRM. Overall, 83.3% reported seeing a qualitative difference in their appearance, with 30% endorsing that looking in the NRM had changed their facial aesthetic goals. Conclusions A NRM can bridge between the familiarity of the patient’s reversed reflection and their less-familiar, non-reversed true image. It may serve as a useful physician-patient communication tool when discussing goals and expectations for facial aesthetic procedures.

scholarly journals A "miracle" cancer drug in the era of social media: A survey of Brazilian oncologists' opinions and experience with phosphoethanolamine

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-77
Author(s):  
Juliana Florinda M. Rêgo ◽  
◽  
Gilberto Lopes ◽  
Rachel P. Riechelmann ◽  
Cinthya Sternberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Alternative Therapy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cancer Drug ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Brazilian Society ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
E Mail ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Summary Introduction: Patients who are treating cancer have often used alternative therapies. In the internet era, information can be broadcasted widely, and this happened with phosphoethanolamine in Brazil, where this substance was claimed by the population to be the "cure for cancer." Method: This is a cross-sectional study developed by the Brazilian Society of Clinical Oncology (SBOC). An objectively structured questionnaire was sent by e-mail and SMS to active MDs members of the SBOC. Descriptive statistics was used to evaluate the data. Statistical significance between the variables was tested by Pearson's Chi-squared test (p<0.05 was considered significance). Results: The survey was sent to 1,072 oncologists, and 398 (37.1%) answered at least part of it. One hundred and fifteen (28.9%) had followed patients who had used phosphoethanolamine. Among these, 14 (12.2%) observed adverse events and four (3.5%) attributed clinical benefit to the substance. Most of the oncologists (n=331; 83.2%) believe that it should only be used as part of a clinical trial protocol. Most physicians did not recommend this drug to their patients (n=311; 78.1%). Oncologists in Southeast, South and Midwest Brazil were more likely to have patients taking the drug compared to the Northern and Northeastern regions. Conclusion: This is the first survey to assess the opinion and experience of oncologists about this alternative therapy. Most oncologists in Brazil do not believe that synthetic phosphoethanolamine is active in cancer treatment, do not recommend its use without proper evaluation, and state that it should only be available to patients in the context of clinical trials.

scholarly journals An open label single arm prospective clinical study on Vatagajankusharasa with Pippali Churna and Manjishta Kwatha as Anupana in Viswachi (cervical spondylosis)

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (01) ◽  
pp. 73-80
Author(s):  
Moh Gulfam ◽  
Totad Muttappa ◽  
Neelam Bisht ◽  
Vishnu M L ◽  
Yadu Gopan
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Study ◽  
Ordinal Data ◽  
Cervical Spondylosis ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Upper Extremities ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Prospective Clinical Study ◽  
Rank Tests ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Signed Rank

Background: Viswachi is one among the 80 Nanatmaja Vata Vyadhi. This disease affects the neck and upper extremities with the signs and symptoms like Ruk, Stambha, Toda, Bahu Karmakshaya. Vatagajankusha Rasa is a combination of Vyosha, Bhasmas, Vatsanabha, Karkatasringi, Haritaki etc. It has Vatakaphahara, Vikasi, Vyavayi, Rasayana etc. properties. It is said to be effective in treating Visawachi in 7 days if given along with Pippali Churna and Manjishta Kwatha. Aims and Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy of Vatagajankusha Rasa with Pippali Churna and Manjishta Kwatha as Anupana in the management of Viswachi (Cervical spondylosis). Methodology: Among 35 registered patients, 30 completed the course of treatment. They were administered with Vatagajankusha Rasa 1 tablet (125 mg) after food with Anupana 3gm Pippali Churna and 15 ml Manjishta Kwatha twice daily (morning and evening) for a period of 7 days. Nominal and ordinal data were analysed using non parametric tests like McNemar and Wilcoxon’s signed rank tests respectively. Result: Assessment parameters like Ruk, Toda, Sthambha and Bahukarma Kshya. There was statistically significant improvement in the primary and secondary outcome measures (p less than 0.05 was observed). Conclusion: Vatagajankusha Rasa with Pippali Churna and Manjishta Kwatha as Anupana is effective in the management of Viswachi (Cervical spondylosis).

scholarly journals Mediatieve behandeling bij mensen met zowel neuro­cognitieve stoornissen als persoonlijkheids­problematiek

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Interventions ◽  
Cognitive Model ◽  
Rank Tests ◽  
Signed Rank

Uitgangspunt van deze studie is dat comorbide maladaptieve persoonlijkheidstrekken (CMPT) van invloed zijn op gedragsmatige en psychologische symptomen van dementie (BPSD). Het doel van dit onderzoek is het opzetten en exploreren van de haalbaarheid van Cognitive Model for Behavioral Interventions (CoMBI). Veertig patiënten met BPSD en CMPT van twee ouderenpsychiatrische afdelingen werden met CoMBI behandeld. De haalbaarheid werd beoordeeld middels de patiëntenstroom, en naleving en aanvaardbaarheid van de behandeling door familieleden en psychiatrisch verpleegkundigen. CMPT werd in kaart gebracht met informantenvragenlijsten. Verandering in BPSD werd gemeten via voor- en nametingen. Om de verschillen tussen de meetmomenten te bepalen, werden Wilcoxon signed rank-tests uitgevoerd en effectgroottes berekend. Van de 312 opgenomen patiënten kwamen 138 patiënten in aanmerking voor inclusie. 64 (46,4%) patiënten gingen voor of kort na de voormeting met ontslag. Bij 28 (20,3%) patiënten kon CoMBI niet toegepast worden. Uiteindelijk werden veertig (29,0%) patiënten geïncludeerd voor de analyse. Wilcoxon signed rank-tests toonden een significante afname van BPSD met middelgrote (r=0,45) tot grote (r=0,56) effectgroottes. CoMBI blijkt een toepasbaar en werkzaam behandelmodel voor probleemgedrag bij patiënten met BPSD en CMPT. Het behandelmodel is geassocieerd met een significante afname van probleemgedrag ongeacht de etiologie ervan.

scholarly journals Age and anthropometric variables and success in mixed martial arts

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Kirk
Keyword(s):  
Martial Arts ◽  
Bayes Factor ◽  
Individual Performance ◽  
Chronological Age ◽  
Competitive Sport ◽  
Rank Tests ◽  
Full Cohort ◽  
Paired Samples ◽  
Signed Rank ◽  
The Relationship

Anthropometry and chronological age has been demonstrated to have an effect on individual performance in competitive sport, with the relationship between stature and wingspan being found to be selective criteria in many sports, although evidence for this in MMA is negligible. In this study, n = 278 professional MMA bouts were analysed with the winners and losers being compared in terms of chronological age, stature, wingspan, stature-to-wingspan ratio (S:W) and method of win/loss using paired samples t tests, Wilcoxon signed-rank tests, one way ANOVAs, Kruskal-Wallis tests (all ≤ .05) and Bayes Factor (BF 10 ). The results showed that for the most part anthropometric differences have no effect on who wins the bout, but taller bout losers are most likely to lose via strikes. Across the full cohort and several competitive divisions, it was found that older participants are significantly more likely to lose, and are also significantly more likely to lose via strikes. Participants who won via decision were found to be significantly older than those who won via strikes or submission.

A class of sequential grouped signed rank tests

1985 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 153-177
Author(s):  
Marion R. Reynolds ◽  
Saad T. Bakir
Keyword(s):  
Rank Tests ◽  
Signed Rank
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