scholarly journals Cyclotron production of 225Ac from an electroplated 226Ra target

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kotaro Nagatsu ◽  
Hisashi Suzuki ◽  
Masami Fukada ◽  
Taku Ito ◽  
Jun Ichinose ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Pathway ◽  
Chelating Resin ◽  
Separation Procedure ◽  
Radionuclidic Purity ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Cyclotron Production ◽  
Compact Cyclotron ◽  
Maximum Activation ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
Mev Protons

Abstract Purpose We demonstrate cyclotron production of high-quality 225Ac using an electroplated 226Ra target. Methods 226Ra was extracted from legacy Ra sources using a chelating resin. Subsequent ion-exchange purification gave pure 226Ra with a certain amount of carrier Ba. The radium target was prepared by electroplating. We successfully deposited about 37 MBq of 226Ra on a target box. Maximum activation was achieved using 15.6 MeV protons on the target at 20 µA for 5 h. Two functional resins with various concentrations of nitric acid purified 225Ac and recovered 226Ra. Cooling the intermediate 225Ac for 2–3 weeks decayed the major byproduct of 226Ac and increased the radionuclidic purity of 225Ac. Repeating the same separation protocol provided high-quality 225Ac. Results We obtained 225Ac at a yield of about 2.4 MBq at the end of bombardment (EOB), and the subsequent initial purification gave 1.7 MBq of 225Ac with 226Ac/225Ac ratio of < 3% at 4 days from EOB. Additional cooling time coupled with the separation procedure (secondary purification) effectively increased the 225Ac (4n + 1 series) radionuclidic purity up to 99 + %. The recovered 225Ac had a similar identification to commercially available 225Ac originating from a 229Th/225Ac generator. Conclusion This procedure, which involves the 226Ra(p,2n)225Ac reaction and the appropriate purification, has the potential to be a major alternative pathway for 225Ac production because it can be performed in any facility with a compact cyclotron to address the increasing demand for 225Ac.

Cyclotron Production of 225Ac from an electroplated 226Ra Target

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kotaro Nagatsu ◽  
Hisashi Suzuki ◽  
Masami Fukada ◽  
Taku Ito ◽  
Jun Ichinose ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Pathway ◽  
Chelating Resin ◽  
Separation Procedure ◽  
Purification Procedure ◽  
Radionuclidic Purity ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Cyclotron Production ◽  
Compact Cyclotron ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
Mev Protons

Abstract Purpose We demonstrate a cyclotron production of high-quality 225Ac using an electroplated 226Ra target. Methods All 226Ra used in this work was extracted from legacy Ra sources using a chelating resin. The subsequent ion-exchange purification gave pure 226Ra with a certain amount of carrier Ba. The radium target was prepared by electroplating. We successfully deposited about 1 mg (mCi) of 226Ra on a target box. Activation was performed by 16.5 MeV protons (on the target) at 20 µA for 5 h as the maximum. Purification of 225Ac as well as 226Ra recovery was performed using two functional resins with various concentrations of nitric acid. Cooling of the intermediate 225Ac for 2–3 weeks decayed the major byproduct of 226Ac and increased the radionuclidic purity of 225Ac. Then the same separation protocol was repeated to provide high-quality 225Ac. Results We obtained 225Ac at a yield of about 2.4 MBq (65 µCi) at EOB, and the subsequent primal purification gave 1.7 MBq (48 µCi) of 225Ac with 226Ac/225Ac ratio of < 4% at 4 d from EOB. Additional cooling time coupled with the repeated separation procedure (secondary purification) effectively increased the 225Ac (4n + 1 series) radionuclidic purity up to 99+%, which showed a similar identification to a commercially available 225Ac originating from a 229Th/225Ac generator. Conclusion The 226Ra(p,2n)225Ac reaction and the appropriate purification procedure has the potential to be a major alternative pathway for 225Ac production and can be performed in any facility with a compact cyclotron to address the increasing demand for 225Ac.

scholarly journals Pop-Science on the Internet: How ULISSE Makes the Ends Meet

10.28945/2459 ◽  
2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simona Cerrato
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
General Public ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
High Technology ◽  
The Internet ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
Set Up

There is an increasing demand for what we can call pop-science that is pertinent scientific information dedicated to the non-specialists. This demand comes both from professional categories and the general public. Simultaneously in the scientific community there is an increasing consciousness that diffusion of the scientific information is an asset the scientific community cannot afford to overlook. The Internet is a perfect tool to meet this demand. It reaches a large and ever-increasing number of people and permits an interactive and detailed exchange of information. As an experiment of how to combine high quality services and the information technology, we have set up Ulisse - In the net of science (http://ulisse.sissa.it), an innovative Italian project for the popularisation of science via the Internet. Its main purpose is to establish a connection between scientists and the general public. Ulisse is based on three major characteristics: a) high technology to create an efficient and friendly system, b) customisation of the services, c) a network of scientists, which guaranteed the quality of the materials.

Advances in Noninvasive Glucose Sensing Enabled by Photonics, Acoustics, and Microwaves

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-72
Author(s):  
Takuro Tajima ◽  
◽  
Masahito Nakamura ◽  
Yujiro Tanaka ◽  
Michiko Seyama
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Diabetes Management ◽  
Glucose Sensing ◽  
Glucose Sensors ◽  
Optical Absorption Spectroscopy ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Broadband Dielectric Spectroscopy ◽  
Initial Clinical Trial ◽  
Infrared Photoacoustic Spectroscopy ◽  
Increasing Demand

More than two decades have passed since the initial clinical trial of noninvasive glucose sensing using optical absorption spectroscopy. Today, noninvasive sensing technologies are expected to meet the increasing demand for high-quality diabetes management. Here, we review the latest advances in noninvasive glucose sensing research, focusing on how photonics-, acoustic- and electronics-based sensing technologies have played key roles in the development of the first noninvasive glucose sensors. We also present our recent work on multiphysics-based glucose sensing using near-infrared photoacoustic spectroscopy and broadband dielectric spectroscopy and a comparison with other competitive technologies.

scholarly journals Proposed Metrics for Process Capability Analysis in Improving Software Quality: An Empirical Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 152
Author(s):  
K Sridhar Patnaik ◽  
Pooja Jha
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Study ◽  
Software Development ◽  
Software Quality ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Software Project ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Cost Constraints ◽  
Capability Analysis ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
The Impact

A software project faces its top expense on defect removal; thereby delaying the schedules. There has been increasing demand for high quality software. Here, high quality software means, delivering defect free software and meeting the predictable results within time and cost constraints. Software defect prediction strives to improve software quality and testing efficiency. The research work presented here is an empirical study and analyzes importance of different metrics used in the organization. The paper examines the impact of LSL and USL, known as organization baselines, on various projects and proposes four metrics for capability analysis metrics. These can prove beneficial for categorizing the process of software development. These metrics aim to improve the ongoing software development process and are helpful in determining the quality of these processes in terms of their specification limits. Also, the paper attempts to justify the probability of the values related to the data provided by normal distribution or Gaussian distribution.

Methods for compact cyclotron production of indium-111 for medical use

1975 ◽  
Vol 26 (10) ◽  
pp. 631-633 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.S. MacDonald ◽  
H.H. Neely ◽  
R.A. Wood ◽  
J.M. Takahashi ◽  
S.I. Wakakuwa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cyclotron Production ◽  
Compact Cyclotron ◽  
Indium 111

A Case Study on Analysis and Solution of the Problem of “Kindergarten Enrollment Difficulty”

2012 ◽  
Vol 174-177 ◽  
pp. 2265-2269
Author(s):  
Xiao Shuang Li ◽  
Gang Liu ◽  
Yang Li
Keyword(s):  
Future Development ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
School Education ◽  
Living Standard ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Kindergarten Education ◽  
The Future ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
Kindergarten Enrollment

Kindergarten education is a significant project which is closely related to the future development of the nation and its people's livelihood. With the development of our economy and the improvement of people’s living standard, the demand for high-quality pre-school education is increasing sharply among parents. Unfortunately, present development of kindergartens in our country is far behind the increasing demand of pre-school education which results in the phenomenon of “kindergarten enrollment difficulty” in numerous cities. In the investigation, it is found that planning and layout of kindergartens, shortcomings of their own development and related policies are the factors that interact with each other thus leading to the problem. To deal with those factors, we put up with a set of theoretical models from the angle of planning in the hope that these models can serve as reference for relieving the problem of “kindergarten enrollment difficulty”.

The Mixing Characteristics of Powder Injected through Top Lance in RH Degasser

2011 ◽  
Vol 396-398 ◽  
pp. 2098-2102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng Wu Du ◽  
He Li Ma ◽  
Li Ying Li ◽  
Xue Liang Yin
Keyword(s):  
Similarity Theory ◽  
Mixing Time ◽  
Impurity Content ◽  
Water Model ◽  
Operating Parameters ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Quality Steel ◽  
The Past ◽  
Secondary Refining ◽  
Increasing Demand

With the increasing demand for high quality steel, various secondary refining techniques have been developed in the past decades. RH powder top blowing process (RH-PTB) is practiced in industry to decrease the impurity content of steel in a more economical way. In the present work, based on similarity theory, RH powder top blowing process was simulated by water model, and the effects of operating parameters on mixing time were investigated. The results show that the injected powder had a negligible effect on mixing time in RH-PTB, and the mixing time increases with top lance gas flowrate and decreases with lifting gas flowrate of up-leg. It was found that the mixing time was no longer decreasing as the lifting gas flowrate was over 15 L/min. Moreover, the height of top lance has some effect on mixing time in the reactor, and it should be adjusted to specific circumstances for purposes.

scholarly journals Extracting the invisible: obtaining high quality DNA is a challenging task in small arthropods

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e6753 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Lienhard ◽  
Sylvia Schäffer
Keyword(s):  
Dna Extraction ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Chelating Resin ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
Ammonium Bromide ◽  
User Friendliness ◽  
Silica Membrane ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Dna Extraction Methods

BackgroundThe application of an appropriate extraction method is a relevant factor for the success of all molecular studies.MethodsSeven different DNA extraction methods suitable for high-throughput DNA sequencing with very small arthropods were compared by applying nine different protocols: three silica gel based spin methods, two cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) based ones (one with an additional silica membrane), a protein precipitation method and a method based on a chelating resin (applying different protocols). The quantity (concentration) and quality (degradation, contamination, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing success) of the extracted DNA as well as the costs, preparation times, user friendliness, and required supplies were compared across these methods. To assess the DNA quantity, two different DNA concentration measurements were applied. Additionally, the effect of varying amounts of starting material (different body sizes), variable lysis temperatures and mixing during DNA extraction was evaluated.ResultsAlthough low DNA concentrations were measured for all methods, the results showed that—with the exception of two methods—the PCR success was 100%. However, other parameters show vast differences. The time taken to perform DNA extraction varied from 20 min to 2.5 h (Chelex vs. CTAB) and the costs from 0.02 to 3.46 € (Chelex vs. QIAamp kit) per sample. High quality genomic DNA was only gained from four methods. Results of DNA quantity measurements further indicated that some devices cannot deal with small amounts of DNA and show variant results.DiscussionIn conclusion, using Chelex (chelating resin) turned out as a rapid, low-cost method which can provide high quality DNA for different kinds of molecular investigations.

Plastics and Priority during the Recycling

2017 ◽  
pp. 252-280
Author(s):  
Ljerka Kratofil Krehula ◽  
Zlata Hrnjak-Murgić ◽  
Zvonimir Katančić
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Chemical Recycling ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Plastics Recycling ◽  
General Overview ◽  
Poly Ethylene Terephthalate ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
Poly Ethylene ◽  
Legislative Measures

Increasing demand for post-consumer plastics recycling comes from growing environmental awareness and the need for sustainability as well as from legislative measures. Generally, the recycling of plastics is important in terms of natural resources preservation (oil, natural gas), energy conservation, saving of landfill spaces, reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, overall environmental protection, and economical benefits. The different types of plastics recycling result in valuable raw materials (mechanical and chemical recycling) or in a notable quantity of energy when plastic waste is used as a fuel (energy recovery). A priority during recycling is to create high quality pretreatment processes of post-consumer plastics in order to obtain the best possible product and to minimize recycling expenses. This chapter gives a general overview of plastics recycling, especially of pretreatment procedures, with an emphasis on poly(ethylene-terephthalate), polyethylene, and tire recycling processes. It reveals the main problems during these processes and states their analysis and possible solutions.

Layout Design and Users’ Perception of Different Types of High-Rise Office Buildings in Malaysia

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 80-93
Author(s):  
Lokman Hakim Ismail ◽  
Magda Sibley ◽  
Izudinshah Abdul Wahab ◽  
Ahmed A. Elgadi
Keyword(s):  
Layout Design ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Office Buildings ◽  
Large Impact ◽  
High Quality ◽  
High Rise ◽  
Working Space ◽  
Office Space ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Increasing Demand

There is an increasing demand for high quality office buildings nowadays. Occupants and developers of office buildings need to work together to create a healthy and inspiring working environment. These criteria engaged in the early stages of design can have a large impact on the performance of the finished building. This paper presents users’ perception of the general layout and adequacy of space in their office space. These features were investigated through observation and analysed data extracted from questionnaires. The aim is to investigate whether high-rise office buildings designed with a bioclimatic approach provide better working spaces than that of conventional office buildings. The assessments were made on detailed planning and the architecture of several buildings’ design approaches with the objective of consolidating perceptions on the working space and environment. The analysis shows that bioclimatic buildings are better rated than conventional buildings in terms of general layout, adequacy of space as well as flexibility of space. These factors might be connected to the size of all bioclimatic buildings, which are comparatively smaller than that of the conventional ones as well as the floor depths of all bioclimatic buildings, which are shallower than that of conventional ones. Due to these conditions, occupants in bioclimatic building are closer to the façade and might experience a better environment and space adequacy.

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