scholarly journals Evolution of psychosocial burden and psychiatric symptoms in patients with psychiatric disorders during the Covid-19 pandemic

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Belz ◽  
Philipp Hessmann ◽  
Jonathan Vogelgsang ◽  
Ulrike Schmidt ◽  
Mirjana Ruhleder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
High Stress ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Time Range ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Psychosocial Burden

AbstractThe Covid-19 pandemic highly impacts mental health worldwide. Patients with psychiatric disorders are a vulnerable risk population for worsening of their condition and relapse of symptoms. This study investigates the pandemic-related course of psychosocial burden in patients with pre-existing mental disorders. With the newly developed Goettingen psychosocial Burden and Symptom Inventory (Goe-BSI) psychosocial burden has been traced retrospectively (1) before the pandemic (beginning of 2020), (2) at its beginning under maximum lockdown conditions (March 2020), and (3) for the current state after maximum lockdown conditions (April/May 2020). The Goe-BSI also integrates the Adjustment Disorder New Module (ADNM-20), assesses general psychiatric symptoms, and resilience. A total of 213 patients covering all major psychiatric disorders (ICD-10 F0-F9) were interviewed once in the time range from April, 24th until May 11th, 2020. Across all diagnoses patients exhibited a distinct pattern with an initial rise followed by a decline of psychosocial burden (p < 0.001, partial η2 = 0.09; Bonferroni-corrected pairwise comparisons between all three time-points: p < 0.05 to 0.001). Female gender and high ADNM-20 scores were identified as risk factors for higher levels and an unfavorable course of psychosocial burden over time. Most psychiatric symptoms remained unchanged. Trajectories of psychosocial burden vary in parallel to local lockdown restrictions and seem to reflect an adaptive stress response. For female patients with pre-existing mental disorders and patients with high-stress responses, timely and specific treatment should be scheduled. With the continuation of the pandemic, monitoring of long-term effects is of major importance, especially when long incubation times for the development of mental health issues are considered.

scholarly journals Características sociodemográficas de las personas admitidas en un centro hospitalario psiquiátrico alemán: un estudio retrospectivo.

2020 ◽  
pp. 4-10
Author(s):  
Blanca Patricia Silva-Barrera ◽  
Rocio Juliá-Sanchis ◽  
Andrés Montoyo-Guijarro ◽  
Rosa Requena-Morales
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Hospital ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Severe Mental Disorders ◽  
Salud Mental

Resumen En los últimos años se han suscitado cambios en la salud mental de las personas, debido a las diversas problemáticas sociodemográficas actuales. Se requiere de la exploración de los acontecimientos que causan síntomas psiquiátricos en las personas con necesidad de ingreso y hospitalización. Es por eso que se realizó este estudio retrospectivo sobre 1.593 historias clínicas del hospital psiquiátrico Main-Kinzig-Kreis Schlüchtern en Alemania durante el período 2000-2014 en pacientes de 18 a 69 años. Se identificó como motivo de ingreso a un 37.16% de personas como pacientes con síntomas agudos, una relación con consumos de sustancias provocadas por adicciones en un 41.62% y el trastorno depresivo en un 28.75%. Se detecta la descompensación de trastornos mentales graves en 27.05%, en donde el 34.71% de los pacientes fueron derivadas desde otros dispositivos asistenciales y el 32.89% decidió ingresar por sí mismo. El perfil del paciente ingresado es de ser hombre entre 41-50 años, casado o con pareja, derivado por recurso asistencial relacionado con la descompensación de un trastorno mental grave. Abstract In recent years, changes have occurred in people&#39;s mental health due to various current socio- demographic issues. The exploration of the events that cause psychiatric symptoms in people who need admission and hospitalization is required. That is why this retrospective study was conducted on 1.593 clinical history from the Main-Kinzig-Kreis Schlüchtern psychiatric hospital in Germany during the period 2000-2014 in patients aged 18 to 69. A total of 37.16% of the patients were identified as having acute symptoms, 41.62% as having substance abuse due to addiction and 28.75% as having a depressive disorder. Decompensation of severe mental disorders was detected in 27.05%, where 34.71% of the patients were referred from other care devices and 32.89% decided to be admitted on their own. The profile of the admitted patient is a man between 41-50 years old, married or with a partner, referred to the psychiatric hospital for health care resources due to a decompensation of some serious mental disorder.

scholarly journals Acute-Stage Mental Health Symptoms by Natural Disaster Type: Consultations of Disaster Psychiatric Assistance Teams (DPATs) in Japan

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (23) ◽  
pp. 12409
Author(s):  
Yoshifumi Takagi ◽  
Sho Takahashi ◽  
Yasuhisa Fukuo ◽  
Tetsuaki Arai ◽  
Hirokazu Tachikawa
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Health Information ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
Acute Stage ◽  
Population Characteristics ◽  
Mental Health Symptoms ◽  
Health Symptoms ◽  
Mental Health Information

This study analyzed the support activities that the Disaster Psychiatric Assistance Team (DPAT) in Japan provided following four previous disasters (a volcanic eruption, a mudslide, a flood, and an earthquake) to identify links between the disaster type and the characteristics of acute stage mental disorders observed. Using Disaster Mental Health Information Support System database records of consultations with patients supported by the DPAT during the survey period from 2013 (when DPAT was launched) to 2016, we performed cross-tabulations and investigated significant differences using chi-squared tests. For expected values less than 5, Fisher’s exact test was performed. Frequently occurring acute-stage symptoms after a disaster include anxiety, sleep problems, mood and affect, and physical symptoms. The affected population characteristics, victim attributes, severity of damage sustained, and evacuation status were the chief factors that influenced acute-stage mental health symptoms. The psychiatric symptoms detected in our study together with the results of diagnoses are important for determining the types of early interventions needed during the acute stage of a disaster. By sharing baseline mental health information, together with disaster-related characteristics highlighted in this study, mental health providers are better able to predict future possible mental disorders and symptoms.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Risk Factors of Psychiatric Symptoms among Swiss Elite Athletes during the First Lockdown of the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (20) ◽  
pp. 10780
Author(s):  
Stefan Fröhlich ◽  
Christian Imboden ◽  
Samuel Iff ◽  
Jörg Spörri ◽  
Boris B. Quednow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Elite Athletes ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Severity Scores ◽  
Physical Health Problems ◽  
Potential Risk Factors

The COVID-19 pandemic and the associated first lockdown measures may have had a relevant impact on the mental health of competitive athletes. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of various mental health issues in a Swiss elite athletes’ cohort during the first lockdown of the pandemic, and to assess their association with different potential risk factors. Elite athletes from different disciplines were interviewed during the first lockdown in spring 2020 by means of an online questionnaire on symptoms of existing anxieties, depression and sleep disorders, as well as on training circumstances and physical performance before and during the lockdown. Additionally, the economic situation, secondary occupations and current physical health problems were surveyed. A total of 203 (92 female, 111 male) athletes met the inclusion criteria and participated in the survey. Training volume and intensity decreased significantly during lockdown from 3.1 to 2.7 h/day. Financial existential fears increased and were associated with higher training volumes and higher trait anxiety scores. Depressive symptoms and insomnia were present but not exceptionally frequent during the lockdown. Depressive symptoms were associated with higher anxiety scores, higher insomnia severity scores, lower training intensity and worse coping with the measures taken by the authorities against the pandemic. Changes in training and daily habits due to the first lockdown may have affected the mental health of elite athletes. Longitudinal studies should, however, further investigate the long-term effects of the pandemic on mental health.

scholarly journals The epidemiological burden of major psychiatric disorders

2018 ◽  
pp. 73-84
Author(s):  
Jennifer Dykxhoorn ◽  
James B. Kirkbride
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Public Mental Health ◽  
Premature Mortality ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Key Issues

Psychiatric disorders, including common mental disorders, schizophrenia, and suicide, contribute substantially to the global burden of disease in terms of both morbidity and premature mortality, making them an important issue for public mental health. Epidemiological tools quantifying the burden of psychiatric disorders are important in furthering our understanding of psychiatric disorders and informing decision-making. In this chapter, we review major epidemiological studies from the past 30 years of psychiatric epidemiology to provide an overview of the burden of common mental disorders (depression and anxiety), psychotic disorders (schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders), and suicide. We also describe how the incidence and prevalence of these disorder vary by person and place, with a particular focus on the patterns of psychiatric disorders by ethnicity. Finally, we discuss the challenge of applying epidemiological evidence to public health, highlighting key issues facing public health professionals, researchers, and policymakers working in public mental health.

Poverty hits children first?

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (02) ◽  
pp. 67-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Fegert ◽  
D. Harsch ◽  
M. Kölch
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Adverse Childhood ◽  
Children First

SummaryPoverty is a risk factor for mental health problems during childhood and adolescence in general. The economic crisis (2007–2013) seemed to have intensified poverty in families within the most affected countries, esp. in the southern countries of Europe. Within a selective literature review, existing data on the risk of poverty, mental disorders in parents and further risk factors on mental health of children are analyzed. Direct effects like limited access to mental health care system may exist, but are not proved in general. From a developmental perspective, effects of the crisis seem more indirectly mediated by well-known risk factors for psychiatric disorders of children and adolescents: substance abuse in families, mental disorders of parents and loss of perspectives within families are risk factors both on mental health of a child but also for a low educational level which would be a resilience factor. There is evidence that an increase of child abuse and neglect (adverse childhood experiences, ACE) was linked to the economic crisis. Long-term effects e.g. due to ACE may be observed in later times, when children are grown-up.

Resilience in psychology: A critical analysis of the concept

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 528-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silke Schwarz
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Health System ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Mental Health System ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Critical Perspective ◽  
Life Conditions ◽  
The Individual

Historically, psychiatry and clinical psychology focused on understanding how stressful life conditions led to psychiatric disorders. With the rise of positive psychology, the focus shifted to thriving through adversity and to concepts such as resilience. However, the number of mental disorders is still increasing. Due to a neoliberal Western decontextualizing stance in psychology, the concept of resilience is at risk of reproducing power imbalances and discrimination within our society. Resilience is analysed from a critical perspective, mostly with a Marxist point of view, including Foucauldian discursive approaches, as well as a biomedical critique of the current mental health system, to illustrate the shortcomings of Western psychologies. This article illustrates how a contextualized understanding of resilience that accounts for political, historical, and socioeconomic contexts at analytical levels besides the individual may overcome this ethnocentric and neoliberal bias.

scholarly journals Begleiterkrankungen oder Folgeerkrankungen – das Phänomen der Komorbidität bei autoimmun blasenbildenden Dermatosen

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Michael Sticherling
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Bidirectional Association ◽  
Broad Array ◽  
Subsequent Onset

<b>Background:</b> Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is an autoimmune blistering skin disease that takes a profound physical and mental toll on those affected. The aim of the study was to investigate the bidirectional association between BP and all bullous disorders (ABD) with a broad array of psychiatric disorders, exploring the influence of prescribed medications. <b>Methods:</b> This nationwide, register-based cohort study encompassed 6,470,450 individuals born in Denmark and alive from 1994 to 2016. The hazard ratios (HRs) of a subsequent psychiatric disorder in patients with BP/ABD and the reverse exposure and outcome were evaluated. <b>Results:</b> Several psychiatric disorders were associated with increased risk of subsequent BP (4.18-fold for intellectual disorders, 2.32-fold for substance use disorders, 2.01-fold for schizophrenia and personality disorders, 1.92–1.85–1.49-fold increased risk for organic disorders, neurotic and mood disorders), independent of psychiatric medications. The association between BP and subsequent psychiatric disorders was not significant after adjusting for BP medications, except for organic disorders (HR 1.27, CI 1.04–1.54). Similar results emerged with ABD. <b>Summary:</b> Psychiatric disorders increase the risk of a subsequent diagnosis of BP/ABD independent of medications, whereas medications used for the treatment of BP/ABD appear to account for the subsequent onset of psychiatric disorders. Clinically, an integrated approach attending to both dermatological and psychiatric symptoms is recommended, and dermatologists should remain vigilant for early symptoms of psychiatric disorders to decrease mental health comorbidity.

scholarly journals A Survey on Mental Health Status and Related Factors among Cancer Patients in Iran

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
masood taheri ◽  
Mahnaz Afshari ◽  
saeede alidoost ◽  
Hassan Abolghasem Gorji ◽  
Amir Rakhshan
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Mental Health Status ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Research Population ◽  
Treatment Plans

Abstract Background Cancer is one of the most common non-communicable diseases and the second cause of death in Iran. The progress in medical technologies and treatment plans has caused the patients to live longer; however, these patients are confronted with psychological challenges and their mental health is influenced because of different reasons. This study is carried out to investigate the mental health status of the cancer patients in the Center for Specific Diseases. Methods The present research is a cross-sectional, descriptive, and analytic study carried out in 2018 in Tehran province, Iran. In the present study, the mental health of the cancer patients referring to the Center for Specific Diseases in Tehran was evaluated in one setting, and no intervention was provided. The research population included 124 cancer patients of Tehran referring to the Center for Specific Diseases. Results the overall prevalence of psychiatric disorders in patients under study was 50%. The highest sensitivity to mental disorders in each of the variables was related to men (52.7%), patients aging 40-55 (45.7%), married (51.5%), unemployed (62.5%), and illiterate patients (80%). The findings of this study indicated that there is no statistically significant relationship between the prevalence of psychiatric disorders among patients with cancer and the variables in the study. Conclusions The results of this study indicated a high prevalence of depression disorder among cancer patients. Psychosocial stresses caused by cancer cause mental disorders, including depression in patients.

scholarly journals Aspectos da gestação e puerpério de mulheres com transtornos mentais

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camila Soares Teixeira ◽  
Taciana Lemos Barbosa ◽  
Vívian Silva Lima Marangoni ◽  
André Luiz Machado das Neves ◽  
Munique Therense
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Women’S Health ◽  
Women's Health ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Electronic Library ◽  
Gestational Period ◽  
Salud Mental ◽  
And Child Health

Objetivo: identificar as evidências sobre os aspectos da gestação e puerpério de mulheres portadoras de transtornos mentais no Brasil. Método: trata-se de estudo bibliográfico, tipo revisão integrativa, de artigos publicados entre 1980 a 2018. Realizou-se a busca nas bases de dados LILACS, MEDLINE, BDENF e na biblioteca virtual SciELO. Apresentaram-se os resultados em figuras. Resultados: selecionaram-se 19 artigos e, após a leitura crítica, destacaram-se quatro categorias temáticas: Implicações para os recém-nascidos; Pré-natal e o (des) acompanhamento do profissional de saúde; Quadro nosológico - sintomas e manifestações e Transtornos abordados. Conclusão: considera-se importante incluir, nas discussões e pesquisas sobre saúde da mulher, a análise da evolução de transtornos mentais maiores e suas relações, como período gestacional posterior ao desenvolvimento dos sintomas psiquiátricos, buscando, assim, abranger a saúde mental da mulher em sua plenitude e não apenas no período puerperal. Descritores: Saúde Materno-Infantil; Saúde Mental; Saúde Pública; Saúde da Mulher; Transtornos Mentais; Pesquisa Interdisciplinar.AbstractObjective: to identify the evidence on the aspects of gestation and puerperium of women with mental disorders in Brazil. Method: this is a bibliographical study, an integrative review, of articles published between 1980 and 2018. A search was carried out in the LILACS, MEDLINE, BDENF and the SciELO - Scientific Electronic Library Online. Results were presented in figures. Results: 19 articles were selected and, after the critical reading, four thematic categories were highlighted: Implications for newborns; Prenatal care and the (dis) accompaniment of the health professional; Nosological chart - symptoms and manifestations and disorders addressed. Conclusion: it is considered important to include, in discussions and research on women's health, the analysis of the evolution of major mental disorders and their relationships, as a gestational period subsequent to the development of psychiatric symptoms, thus seeking to cover women's mental health in its fullness and not only in the puerperal period. Descriptors: Maternal and Child Health; Mental health; Public health; Women's Health; Mental Disorders; Interdisciplinary Research.ResumenObjetivo: identificar las evidencias sobre los aspectos de la gestación y puerperio de mujeres portadoras de trastornos mentales en Brasil. Método: se trata de estudio bibliográfico, tipo revisión integrativa, de artículos publicados entre 1980 a 2018. Se realizó la búsqueda en las bases de datos LILACS, MEDLINE, BDENF y en la biblioteca virtual SciELO. Se presentaron los resultados en figuras. Resultados: se seleccionaron 19 artículos y, después de la lectura crítica, se destacaron cuatro categorías temáticas: Implicaciones para los recién nacidos; Pre-natal y el (des) acompañamiento del profesional de salud; Cuadro nosológico - síntomas y manifestaciones y trastornos abordados. Conclusión: se considera importante incluir, en las discusiones e investigaciones sobre salud de la mujer, el análisis de la evolución de trastornos mentales mayores y sus relaciones, como período de embarazo posterior al desarrollo de los síntomas psiquiátricos, buscando, así, abarcar la salud mental de la mujer en su plenitud y no sólo en el período puerperal. Descriptores: Salud Materno-Infantil; Salud Mental; Salud Pública; Salud de la Mujer; Trastornos Mentales; Investigación Interdisciplinaria.

scholarly journals Adolescents’ neural reactivity to acute psychosocial stress: dysfunctional regulation habits are linked to temporal gyrus response

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Sabrina Golde ◽  
Tobias Gleich ◽  
Lydia Romund ◽  
Anna Stippl ◽  
Patricia Pelz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Psychosocial Stress ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
High Stress ◽  
Critical Time ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Stress Profile ◽  
Emotion Regulation Strategies ◽  
Regulation Strategies

Abstract Mid-adolescence is a critical time for the development of stress-related disorders and it is associated with significant social vulnerability. However, little is known about normative neural processes accompanying psychosocial stress at this time. Previous research found that emotion regulation strategies critically influence the relationship between stress and the development of psychiatric symptoms during adolescence. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we examined neural responses to acute stress and analyzed whether the tendency to use adaptive or maladaptive emotion regulation strategies is related to neural and autonomic stress responses. Results show large linear activation increases from low to medium to high stress levels mainly in medial prefrontal, insulae and temporal areas. Caudate and subgenual anterior cingulate cortex, neural areas related to reward and affective valuations, showed linearly decreasing activation. In line with our hypothesis, the current adolescent neural stress profile resembled social rejection and was characterized by pronounced activation in insula, angular and temporal cortices. Moreover, results point to an intriguing role of the anterior temporal gyrus. Stress-related activity in the anterior temporal gyrus was positively related to maladaptive regulation strategies and stress-induced autonomic activity. Maladaptive coping might increase the social threat and reappraisal load of a stressor, relating to higher stress sensitivity of anterior temporal cortices.

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