Succession of ectomycorrhizal fungi in roadside verges planted with common oak ( Quercus robur L.) in Drenthe, The Netherlands

Mycorrhiza ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 147-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. Keizer ◽  
E. Arnolds
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Ectomycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Quercus Robur ◽  
Roadside Verges ◽  
Common Oak

Potenzielle Eichenwuchsgebiete und aktuelle Eichenmischwälder der Schweiz | Potential oak sites and actual mixed oak forests in Switzerland

2008 ◽  
Vol 159 (5) ◽  
pp. 103-111
Author(s):  
Urs Mühlethaler ◽  
Yvonne Reisner ◽  
Nele Rogiers
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Quercus Robur ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Oak Forests ◽  
Natural Growth ◽  
Growth Area ◽  
Entire Country ◽  
Middle Spotted Woodpecker ◽  
Evaluation Matrix ◽  
Common Oak

On behalf of the Federal Office for the Environment (FOEN), the Swiss College for Agriculture established the basis to foster oak species in Switzerland. For this, the growth areas of three oak species, common oak (Quercus robur), sessile oak (Q. petraea) and pubescent oak (Q. pubescens) were assessed throughout the entire country. The assessment was based on their physiological potential, their natural growth area and on the appearance of the middle spotted woodpecker. In addition, the older mixed oak stands were surveyed. These fundamental data were collected with a geographical information system and analyzed for each canton. Altogether, approximately one-fourth of the Swiss forest area is suitable for oak. The natural oak growth area covers however 38 500 ha only. About 19 000 ha of forest are populated by the middle spotted woodpecker and extended older mixed oak forests are found on approximately 24 500 ha. According to the applied evaluation matrix, the greatest potential for fostering oak species lies in eight cantons: Aargau, Zürich, Solothurn, Thurgau, Vaud, BaselLandschaft, Ticino and Schaffhausen.

The resistance of the phenological forms of the common oak (Quercus robur L.) to unfavorable external factors

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
И.А. Уткина ◽  
В.В. Рубцов
Keyword(s):  
Quercus Robur ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Individual Species ◽  
Early Form ◽  
The Common ◽  
Spring Frosts ◽  
Common Oak ◽  
Late Form

Ранняя (Quercus robur var. praecox Czern.) и поздняя (Q. robur var. tardiflora Czern.) фенологические формы дуба черешчатого, выделенные в самостоятельные таксоны в середине XIX в., неоднократно становились объектами исследований для специалистов разного профиля. Собрано немало данных о различиях в их росте, требованиях к условиям местообитания, устойчивости к неблагоприятным внешним факторам. Иногда кроме ранней и поздней феноформ выделяют еще и промежуточные между ними. Наиболее отчетливо различия между феноформами, обусловленные разными сроками листораспускания, проявляются в реакции на поздние весенние заморозки и повреждение листвы насекомыми-филлофагами. Так как на деревьях поздней формы листовые и цветочные почки раскрываются намного позже, чем на ранней, поздняя форма избегает повреждения весенними заморозками. Кроме того, обладая меньшей способностью к формированию летних побегов, она меньше повреждается и ранними осенними заморозками, а также зимними морозами, что способствует образованию у нее более прямых и полнодревесных стволов, по сравнению с ранней формой. Ранняя форма чаще и сильнее повреждается филлофагами ранневесеннего комплекса, у которых отрождение гусениц из яиц синхронизировано с раскрытием почек и распусканием листьев. Есть данные, что видовой состав вредителей листвы на деревьях ранней и поздней форм дуба при их совместном произрастании примерно одинаков, зато численность отдельных видов филлофагов и их соотношение различны. На деревьях ранней формы их больше в несколько раз, что объясняется совпадением фаз развития большинства ранневесенних видов филлофагов и листвы этой формы дуба. Согласно результатам проведенных исследований, поздняя форма предпочтительнее для создания лесных культур дуба как более устойчивая к неблагоприятным погодным условиям и насекомым-вредителям. Early (Quercus robur var. praecox Czern.) and late (Q. robur var. tardiflora Czern.) phenological forms of the common oak, recognized as independent taxa in the mid-nineteenth century, have been subjects of multiple studies by specialists of different fields. Abundant data on the differences in their growth requirements, habitat conditions, and resistance to unfavorable external factors have been collected. Some specialists in addition to early and late phenoforms distinguish intermediate forms. Most clearly the differences between these forms appear in response to late spring frosts and damage of leaves by phyllophagous insects due to different timing of the forms' leafing. As leaf and flower buds in late oaks are revealed much later than in early oaks, late form avoids damage by spring frosts. In addition, due to lower ability to form summer shoots, late oaks are less damaged by early autumn frosts and winter freeze, which contributes to the formation of more straight and full trunks comparing to early oaks. Early oaks are damaged more severely by phyllophagous insects of spring complex, in which hatching of caterpillars from eggs is synchronized with opening buds and unfolding of leaves. There is evidence that species composition of foliage pests on co-occurant early and late forms of oak is nearly the same, but the number of individual species of phyllophagous insects and their ratio are different. In the early form the number of phyllophagous insects is greater by several fold due to concurrence of developmental phases in most early spring phyllophagous species and foliage of this oak form. The obtained results show that the late form of common oak is preferable for forest plantations as more resistant to unfavorable weather conditions and insect pests.

scholarly journals Sucrose synthase expression pattern in the rhythmically growing shoot of common oak (Quercus robur L.)

2005 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
pp. 585-591 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rozenn Le Hir ◽  
Sandrine Pelleschi-Travier ◽  
Jean-Daniel Viémont ◽  
Nathalie Leduc
Keyword(s):  
Expression Pattern ◽  
Sucrose Synthase ◽  
Quercus Robur ◽  
Common Oak ◽  
Growing Shoot

scholarly journals The most significant fungi: Agents of wood decay in oak forests of Serbia

2007 ◽  
pp. 95-107
Author(s):  
Tanja Milijasevic ◽  
Dragan Karadzic
Keyword(s):  
Quercus Robur ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Wood Decay ◽  
Oak Forests ◽  
Lignicolous Fungi ◽  
Fomes Fomentarius ◽  
Turkey Oak ◽  
Common Oak ◽  
Eleven Species

The most widely distributed oak species in Serbia are Q. petrea (sessile oak), Q. cerris (Turkey oak) and Q. frainetto (Hungarian oak) and Quercus robur (common oak), and lignicolous fungi are the major agents of wood decay in natural and coppice oak forests. In this research, 33 species of fungi were identified. Eleven species were described, among which the most significant are: Armillaria mellea, Fomes fomentarius, Hypoxylon deustum Laetiporus sulphureus, Lenzites quercina and Phellinus robustus. This paper presents the morphological characteristics of the most significant identified fungi, their distribution, host plants and significance.

Bark pH and susceptibility to toxic air pollutants as independent causes of changes in epiphytic lichen composition in space and time

2001 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 419-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. M. van Herk
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Quercus Robur ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Epiphytic Lichen ◽  
Independent Effects ◽  
Low Sensitivity

AbstractThe lichen composition on wayside Quercus robur in the Netherlands was related tobark properties (pH, EC, NH4+, SO42-, NO3-)and levels of air pollution (SO2 and NH3). The pH of the bark and the susceptibility to toxic substances appear to be the two major primary factorsaffecting epiphytic lichen composition. These factors have independent effects on the lichen composition.Most of the so-called nitrophytic species appear to have a low sensitivity to toxiceffects of SO2; their only requirement being a high bark pH. An increased bark pH appears to be the primary cause of the enormous increase in nitrophytic species and the disappearance of acidophytic species over the last decade in the Netherlands. Measurements of ambient NH3 concentrations in air show that there is a nearly linear relationship between the NH3concentration andthe abundance of nitrophytes on Quercus. The abundance of nitrophytes was not correlated with SO2 concentrations. Most of the acidophytic species appear very sensitive to NH3 since in areas with concentrations of 35 µg m-3 or more, all acidophytic species have disappeared. Current methods using species diversity to estimate or monitor SO2 air pollution need some modification, otherwise the air quality may be erroneously considered to be relatively good in areas with high NH3 levels.

Relationships between nitrogen, acid-unhydrolyzable residue, and climate among tree foliar litters

2013 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Björn Berg ◽  
Chunjiang Liu ◽  
Ryszard Laskowski ◽  
Matthew Davey
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Quercus Robur ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Annual Precipitation ◽  
Mean Annual Precipitation ◽  
Mean Annual Temperature ◽  
Linear Relationships ◽  
Common Oak

Using literature data, we investigated coniferous and broadleaf litter from 58 tree species using a database encompassing concentrations of N and acid-unhydrolyzable residue (AUR) (gravimetric lignin) in newly shed litter, mean annual temperature, and mean annual precipitation. Our aims were to (i) demonstrate any large-scale relationships between concentrations of N and AUR in foliar litter and (ii) determine differences in this respect among litter from Pinus and Quercus. To this end, we had collected foliar litter data for Asia and Europe, forming a climate gradient. Litter from broadleaf and coniferous trees differed significantly in concentrations of N (p < 0.0001, 9.64 versus 5.50 mg/g, respectively) and AUR (p < 0.0001, 219 versus 292 mg/g, respectively). There were highly significant positive linear relationships between concentrations of N and AUR for broadleaf (p < 0.0001) and coniferous litter (p < 0.0001). There were also significant positive relationships for AUR as a function of N concentration for the genera Pinus and Quercus but not within species. That for Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) was negative and that for common oak (Quercus robur L.) not significant.

scholarly journals Resistance to decay caused by fungi of common oak (Quercus robur L.) wood from trees of different health status

2010 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-133
Author(s):  
Andrzej Szczepkowski
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Quercus Robur ◽  
Common Oak

Odporność drewna dębu szypułkowego (Quercus roburL.), z drzew o różnym stanie zdrowotnym, na rozkład powodowany przez grzyby

scholarly journals Length of vegetation period as parameter of common oak (Quercus robur L.) phenological variability

Genetika ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Branislava Batos ◽  
Danijela Miljkovic ◽  
Jelena Ninic-Todorovic
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Quercus Robur ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Genetic Structure Of Population ◽  
Structure Of Population ◽  
Common Oak

Paper presents results for length of vegetation period as factor in common oak?s (Quercus robur L.) phenological variability. Trees in two common oaks populations on two locations in area of Belgrade were researched. Average length of vegetation period on site Ada Ciganlija is 166 days, while in location Bojcinska suma is 179 days. Regarding that populations are in similar environmental and habitual conditions, differences in results should be treated as consequence of common oaks intra-specific variability and genetic structure of population. Significant differences in three consecutive years of observation are confirmed.

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