scholarly journals The adult orthodontic patient over 40 years of age: association between periodontal bone loss, incisor irregularity, and increased orthodontic treatment need

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philipp Meyer-Marcotty ◽  
Daniela Klenke ◽  
Larissa Knocks ◽  
Petra Santander ◽  
Valentina Hrasky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Loss ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Treatment Need ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Anterior Teeth ◽  
Group I ◽  
Periodontal Breakdown ◽  
Severe Periodontitis ◽  
Periodontal Bone Loss ◽  
Over 40 Years

Abstract Objectives Adult orthodontic treatment, especially in patients over 40 years, is steadily increasing. One causal factor for the treatment need in this age group is periodontal breakdown. The aim of this study was to detect correlations between periodontal problems and orthodontic parameters in interdisciplinary patients. Methods This observational, cross-sectional study included 118 patients over 40 years (51 men/67 women; mean age, 58.03 years) classified into three groups according to periodontal breakdown (group I, controls; group II, moderate periodontitis; group III, severe periodontitis). Clinical periodontal and orthodontic parameters as well as the index of orthodontic treatment need (IOTN) were assessed and compared between the groups. Results A gradual deterioration of all periodontal and orthodontic parameters according to periodontal bone loss (lowest values in group I; highest values in group III) was observed. Especially groups I and III differed significantly regarding the overjet (p < 0.001) and the little indices of the maxilla (p < 0.001) and mandible (p < 0.010). The IOTN was highest in group III: 90% of the patients with severe periodontitis were classified to have moderate to very great treatment need. Conclusions The higher the degree of periodontal breakdown was, the more severe were overjet, overbite, irregularity of the anterior teeth, and the orthodontic treatment need. Clinical relevance Adult patients over 40 years represent a challenge for an orthodontic/periodontal treatment approach with high incidence of pathologic tooth migration, orthodontic treatment need, and periodontal breakdown. Therefore, this special patient collective requires a focus in clinical orthodontics and research.

The Effect of EDTA on the Attachment and Growth of Cultured Human Gingival Fibroblasts on Periodontitis-Affected Root Surface

2001 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadir Babay
Keyword(s):  
Culture Medium ◽  
Root Surface ◽  
Gingival Fibroblasts ◽  
Human Teeth ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Severe Periodontitis ◽  
Diseased Root ◽  
Migration Of Cells ◽  
Root Surfaces

Abstract The purpose of the present study was to analyze the effects of 5% and 24% EDTA on the attachment of gingival fibroblasts to periodontally diseased root surfaces. A flat root surface was created on human teeth that were extracted due to severe periodontitis. The teeth were etched with the following concentrations of etylediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) for two minutes: 5% (group I) and 24% (group II). Group III was soaked in saline and served as a control. The specimens and fibroblasts were incubated in a culture medium for 24 hours each day for one and two weeks and photographed using scanning electron microscopy. Each specimen was examined for the migration of cells into the etched and nonetched root surface. No fibroblasts could be detected on the saline groups. More fibroblasts could attach to the surface treated with 24% EDTA than with 5% EDTA. It was concluded that supersaturated EDTA at 24% enhances the attachment of gingival fibroblasts to the root surface.

Evaluation and Comparison of Quantity and Pattern of Fluoride release from Orthodontic Adhesives: An in vitro Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Devatha Ashok Babu ◽  
Sanjay Krishna Sriram ◽  
Ravindra Reddy Regalla ◽  
Chandulal Jadav ◽  
Roopa Rani S Sriram
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Base Line ◽  
Fluoride Release ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Orthodontic Adhesives ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Topical Fluoride

ABSTRACT Background Orthodontic treatment has gained popularity since beginning of era of dentistry. Now a day, everyone is conscious about their appearance, smile and function. During orthodontic treatment use of brackets and adhesives are common. The bonding of brackets will cause demineralization which requires the fluoridation. So the study has been undertaken to analyze the pattern of fluoride release by commercially available adhesive bonding material for the prevention of demineralization. Aim To evaluate and compare the clinical significance of quantity and pattern of fluoride release from three commercially available adhesives. Objectives To assess the pattern of fluoride release and quantity, to reduce the decalcification of enamel around orthodontic brackets and bands during treatment and to prevent further use of topical fluoride both office and self-use agents for prevention of demineralization/for remineralization. Materials and methods The comparison of quantity and pattern of fluoride release study involved commercially available bonding adhesives. They are: Group I—resin reinforced glass Ionomer light cure material (OrthoLC), Group II—fluoride releasing composite resin material (Excel) and Group III— conventional composite (Relay-a-bond) evaluated on 78 freshly extracted premolar teeth divided into three groups consisting 26 specimens in each group. The prepared specimens were stored in artificial saliva at 37°C in an incubator for subsequent fluoride analysis using ORION ion selective electrode coupled with ionalyzer 901. Fluoride analysis made at 24 hours intervals for first 3 consecutive days and thereafter at the end of 10th, 17th, 24th and 31st day of bonding. The data obtained were tabulated and interpreted by statistical analysis using ‘t’ test and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Observations and Results The quantity of fluoride release in groups I and II was significant even at the end of 31st day. The one-way AVOVA showed intra and inter group significance in the quantity of fluoride release. But group III with zero fluoride release with significant decalcification on enamel which requires external use of topical fluorides. The pattern of fluoride released was 3.06 ppm for group I and 2.01 ppm for group II and was declined sharply after 24 hours; and continued to decline in subsequent weeks. Mean quantity of fluoride release by group I was 15.08 ppm were as group II was 9.02 ppm over the test period of 31 days. At the end of 31st day the group I bonding adhesive was releasing considerable amount of fluoride compared to group II whereas group III was nil. At all the periods inter and intra group mean values were highly significant. And group III acted as base line or control group as it was non fluoride releasing material. Conclusion Both the fluoride releasing adhesive bond material are useful to reduce the risk of demineralization and further prevent the usage of topical fluoride application and reduce cost and clinical visiting time for both patient and clinician. How to cite this article Regalla RR, Jadav C, Babu DA, Sriram RRS, Sriram SK, Kattimani VS. Evaluation and Comparison of Quantity and Pattern of Fluoride release from Orthodontic Adhesives: An in vitro Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(1):99-102.

scholarly journals Accuracy of Panoramic Radiograph for Diagnosing Periodontitis Comparing to Clinical Examination

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 2313
Author(s):  
Vanessa Machado ◽  
Luís Proença ◽  
Mariana Morgado ◽  
José João Mendes ◽  
João Botelho
Keyword(s):  
Bone Loss ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Panoramic Radiograph ◽  
Case Definition ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Accuracy And Precision ◽  
Severe Periodontitis ◽  
Periodontal Bone Loss ◽  
Prediction Systems ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

In this study, we explore the diagnostic accuracy of a Radiographic-based Periodontal Bone Loss (R-PBL) method as a screening tool for periodontitis, in the form of radiographic bone loss, under the 2018 case definition in comparison to the 2012 case definition. The analysis was based on 456 patients (253 females and 203 males), screened for periodontal status in the Study of Periodontal Health in Almada-Seixal (SoPHiAS) project and subjected to a panoramic dental X-ray. Patients were diagnosed for the presence of periodontitis following the 2018 and 2012 case definition. R-PBL classification was defined by alveolar bone loss and diagnosed as no periodontitis (≥80% remaining alveolar bone), mild to moderate periodontitis (66% to 79%), or severe periodontitis (<66%). We appraise the X-ray quality to look for the influence on the performance of R-PBL. Sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and precision, through several indicators, were determined. Performance measurement was assessed through binary and multiclass Receiver operating characteristic/are under the curve (ROC/AUC) analyses. Our results show that the tested R-PBL method under the 2018 case definition is a reliable tool in periodontitis cases screening. This method does not replace clinical periodontal evaluation, but rather, it screens patients towards a definitive periodontitis diagnosis. These results will contribute to support the development of automated prediction systems towards periodontitis surveillance.

scholarly journals Remineralization potential of GC Tooth Mousse and GC Tooth Mousse plus on initial caries like lesion of primary Teeth – An in-vitro comparative evaluation

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 3-10
Author(s):  
Anshul ◽  
Kaushal Kishor Jha
Keyword(s):  
Group Iii ◽  
Initial Caries ◽  
Anterior Teeth ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Tooth Mousse ◽  
Group 1

Aim: Teeth are constantly going through cycles of demineralization and remineralization. The ultimate goal of clinical intervention is the preservation of tooth structure and the prevention of lesion progression to the point where restoration is required. Thus promoting remineralization is the ultimate goal of clinical prevention of caries lesion. The present in vitro study aimed to investigate the efficacy of GC Tooth Mousse (CPP-ACP) and GC Tooth Mousse Plus (CPP-ACP)F  on artificial enamel caries in primary human teeth.   Methods and Material:    Sixty freshly extracted human primary anterior teeth were used in this study.      The root portion of 60 primary anterior teeth was separated from the crown portion at the cemento-enamel junction (CEJ)      Teeth samples were divided into 3 Groups (n=20 each). Group 1 as a control group, Group 2  GC Tooth Mousse, and Group 3 Tooth Mousse Plus containing dentifrices were used. Samples were subjected to 10 days of pH cycling protocol. The changes were analyzed using Vickers Hardness Testing Machine and SEM.    Pre and post groups were compared by paired t-test.  Independent groups were compared by one-way analysis of variance.   Result: Micro-morphological observations of the enamel surfaces with SEM :      Group 1 the enamel scanning showed shallow depressions and fine porosities within these depressions, Group 2 showed numerous granular particles and amorphous crystals which were arranged on the enamel surface. Smooth, homogeneous surface, and no irregularities were seen in Group 3. Surface Microhardness Evaluation   After treatment, the mean hardness Group III was the highest followed by  Group II and Group I (i.e. Group I < Group II < Group III).   Conclusion:  GC Tooth Mousse Plus showed a statistically significant amount of remineralization.

TRANSIENT BONE LOSS OF DISTAL RADIUS AND ULNA FOLLOWING CLEAN-CUT TENDON INJURIES, REPAIR AND PASSIVE MOBILISATION

2007 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 320-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. KEKILLI ◽  
K. ERTEM ◽  
C. YAGMUR ◽  
A. ATASEVER ◽  
N. ELMALI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Loss ◽  
Distal Region ◽  
Tendon Injuries ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
The Third ◽  
Group I ◽  
Forearm Bones ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Early Passive

The aim of this study was to investigate whether there is any significant bone loss of the ulna and radius following acute tendon-artery-nerve clean-cut injuries at the wrist level which were repaired and rehabilitated by early passive mobilisation. Fifty-eight patients who underwent such operation were enrolled in this study. Patients in Group I ( n = 28) had primary tendon repairs alone, in Group II ( n = 15) primary tendon and nerve repairs and in Group III ( n = 15) primary tendon, nerve and artery repairs. Bone mineral density (BMD) measurements of the ulna and radius were obtained during the first week, the sixth week, the third month and the 12th month after operation. The results demonstrated that BMD decrease in the ulna was more common than in the radius. When compared with the first week BMD measurements, the highest reduction was seen in the sixth week in Group I and during the third month, when bone loss of both the radius and ulna was considerable in Group II. The bone loss in all groups and subgroups were found to have recovered at the 12th month measurements, except in the distal region of the ulna in Group I. This study suggests that passive immobilisation is deleterious in respect of demineralisation of the forearm bones.

Effectiveness of Rotary Endodontic Instruments on Smear Layer Removal in Root Canals of Primary Teeth: A Scanning Electron Microscopy Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priya Subramaniam ◽  
KL Girish Babu ◽  
TA Tabrez
Keyword(s):  
Microscopy Study ◽  
Electron Microscopy Study ◽  
Smear Layer ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Anterior Teeth ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Sem Study ◽  
Root Canal Instrumentation

Aim : The present SEM study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of root canal instrumentation using both manual and rotary files in the root canals of primary anterior teeth. Study design: Thirty freshly extracted primary maxillary incisors were divided into 3 groups of 10 teeth each. In Group I, root canals were instrumented with rotary NiTi files; in Group II, the root canals were instrumented using manual NiTi K files and; in Group III, manual instrumentation was done with stainless steel K files. Longitudinal sections were prepared and processed for observation under SEM at the coronal, middle and apical thirds. Scoring of smear layer was done according to Hulsmann and the data obtained was subjected to statistical analysis. Results: Rotary files cleaned the coronal and middle thirds of root canals more effectively. Statistically there was no significant difference between the groups. Lowest score of 2.6 in the apical third of root canals was seen with hand NiTi files. Conclusion: Rotary instrumentation was as effective as manual instrumentation in removal of smear layer in the root canals of primary anterior teeth.

scholarly journals Effects of Histamine Receptor Antagonist Cetirizine on Orthodontic Tooth Movement

Biomedicines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 583
Author(s):  
Gregor Sperl ◽  
Johanna Gattner ◽  
James Deschner ◽  
Michael Wolf ◽  
Peter Proff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Bone Loss ◽  
Receptor Antagonist ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽  
Histamine Receptor ◽  
Allergic Reactions ◽  
Cranial Growth ◽  
Periodontal Bone Loss

Many patients regularly take histamine receptor antagonists, such as cetirizine, to prevent allergic reactions, but these antiallergic drugs may have inadvertent effects on orthodontic treatment. In previous studies, histamine has been shown to modulate the sterile inflammatory reaction underlying orthodontic tooth movement. Pertinent effects of histamine antagonization via cetirizine during orthodontic treatment, however, have not been adequately investigated. We thus treated male Fischer344 rats either with tap water (control group) or cetirizine by daily oral gavage corresponding to the clinically used human dosage adjusted to the rat metabolism (0.87 mg/kg) or to a previously published high dosage of cetirizine (3 mg/kg). Experimental anterior movement of the first upper left molar was induced by insertion of a nickel-titanium (NiTi) coil spring (0.25 N) between the molar and the upper incisors. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), micro-computed tomography (µCT) images, as well as histological hematoxylin-eosin (HE), and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) stainings were used to assess the extent of tooth movement, cranial growth, periodontal bone loss, root resorptions, and osteoclast activity in the periodontal ligament. Both investigated cetirizine dosages had no impact on the weight gain of the animals and, thus, animal welfare. Neither the extent of tooth movement, nor cranial growth, nor root resorption, nor periodontal bone loss were significantly influenced by the cetirizine dosages investigated. We, thus, conclude that histamine receptor antagonist cetirizine can be used during orthodontic treatment to prevent allergic reactions without clinically relevant side effects on orthodontic tooth movement.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Different Bristle Designs of Toothbrushes and Periodontal Status among Fixed Orthodontic Patients: A Double-blind Crossover Design

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 150-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Jalaluddin ◽  
Sandhya P Naik ◽  
Sameer Punathil ◽  
Praveena Shetty ◽  
Ipsita Jayanti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Crossover Design ◽  
Test Phase ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Periodontal Status ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Orthodontic Patients ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Study Participants

ABSTRACT Aim The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of different bristle designs of toothbrushes and the periodontal status among patients undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment. Materials and methods This randomized controlled trial (RCT) consisted of 45 adolescents (comprising 20 males and 25 females) undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment. The study participants were randomly allocated to three groups, each group being assigned a locally available toothbrush with a particular design of toothbrush bristle. In the first test phase, group I study participants were allocated to toothbrush with flat bristles, group II study subjects were allocated to toothbrush with zigzag bristles, and group III study participants were allocated to toothbrush with crisscross bristles. The study participants were recalled after 4 weeks to check the effectiveness of the allocated toothbrushes. A washout period of 1 week was maintained to ensure that there was no carryover effect of the different bristle designs. In the second test phase, each patient used the opposite toothbrush bristle design (group I: toothbrush with zigzag bristles, group II: toothbrush with crisscross bristles, and group III: toothbrush with flat bristles). Plaque scores were measured using Turesky—Gilmore—Glickman modification of Quigley-Hein plaque index (PI). Results In both phase 1 and 2 of this RCT, toothbrush with crisscross bristles exhibited maximum plaque reduction among the three different bristle design toothbrushes following 30 days (p = 0.312 ± 0.102 and 0.280 ± 0.110, respectively), which was statistically significant. Conclusion It was concluded that all the three designs of toothbrushes were effective in removing plaque in patients with fixed orthodontic appliances. But among the three different toothbrushes, toothbrush with crisscross bristles showed the highest mean plaque reduction. Clinical significance Plaque accumulation around the orthodontic brackets and gingival margins is quite common among the fixed orthodontic patients, who encounter difficulty in maintaining good oral hygiene. Specially designed toothbrushes are very essential for effective plaque removal among the patients undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment. How to cite this article Naik SP, Punathil S, Shetty P, Jayanti I, Jalaluddin M, Avijeeta A. Effectiveness of Different Bristle Designs of Toothbrushes and Periodontal Status among Fixed Orthodontic Patients: A Double-blind Crossover Design. J Contemp Dent Pract 2018;19(2):150-155.

scholarly journals Comparison of compressive strength among three different intracanal post materials in primary anterior teeth: An in vitro study

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (04) ◽  
pp. 464-468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nilavu Nilavarasan ◽  
R. Hemalatha ◽  
R. Vijayakumar ◽  
V. S. Hariharan
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Glass Fiber ◽  
Fracture Resistance ◽  
Fiber Post ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Anterior Teeth ◽  
Group I ◽  
Omega Loop ◽  
Glass Fiber Post ◽  
Group Ii

ABSTRACT Objective: The objective of our study was to compare the fracture resistance and the mode of failure among three different post materials in primary anterior teeth. Materials and Methods: A total of sixty extracted primary anterior teeth were selected for the study. The samples were divided into three groups of twenty teeth each: Group I (Ribbond), Group II (Omega loop), and Group III (Glass fiber post). Pulp therapy was followed by intracanal post and crown buildup. The samples were mounted in self-cure acrylic and subjected to compressive strength test using universal testing machine (Instron). The maximum force at which the tooth fractured was recorded. Results: The values were subjected to one-way analysis of variance. The mean compressive strength values of Ribbond, omega loop, and glass fiber post were found to be 83.25 N, 61.60 N, and 75.55 N, respectively. The P value was found to be 0.220. Conclusion: Group I (Ribbond) showed the highest fracture resistance values followed by Group III (Glass fiber post) and Group II (Omega loop). Although there is difference in mean values, they were nonsignificant.

scholarly journals The Impact of Seropositivity on Bone Mineral Density in Rheumatoid Arthritis - A 3-year Prospective Observational Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shan-Fu Yu ◽  
Jia-Feng Chen ◽  
Ying-Chou Chen ◽  
Yu-Wei Wang ◽  
Chung-Yuan Hsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Loss ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background:To explore the impact of seropositivity on systemic bone loss in rheumatoid arthritis (RA).Methods:This was an interim analysis of the RA registry. Clinical characteristics in the registry were documented, and bone mineral density (BMD) was measured; this was repeated 3 years later. Participants were grouped into seropositive (SPRA) and seronegative (SNRA) based on the presence or absence of rheumatoid factor (RF) and/or anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies (ACPA). After matching (1:2) for age and sex, SNRA and SPRA were regrouped into A and B. To elucidate the impact of number of antibodies on BMD changes, the matched group was sub-divided according to the number of antibodies present (0, group I; 1, group II; 2, group III). The changes in BMD were compared for each group at baseline and 3 years later. Results:A total of 477 participants who completed a 3-year observation period were included. After matching, 312 participants were enrolled (group A, 104; group B, 208). Three years later, group B had significant bone loss in the femoral neck (FN) (p <0.001), total hip (TH) (p = 0.001), and 1st–4th lumbar vertebrae (L1–4) (p = 0.006), while group A has bone loss only at FN (p = 0.002). Groups I, II, and III included 104, 52, and 156 participants, respectively. Significant bone loss was recorded at FN (p = 0.002) in group I, FN (p <0.001) in group II, and FN (p <0.001), TH (p = 0.002), and L1–4 (p = 0.016) in group III. In terms of percent change in BMD (△BMD%), more significantly negative changes were found at TH in group B (p = 0.027) and within groups I-III (p for trend = 0.021). Logistic regression showed that seropositivity is a significant predictor of △BMD≧–5% at TH (odds ratio 1.85, 95% confidence interval 1.03-3.33, p = 0.039).Conclusions:SPRA lost more bone than SNRA after 3 years. More attention should be paid to SPRA patients, especially those with double-positive antibodies, with vigorous evaluation of BMD and fracture risk.

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