Changes in antinutrients, phenolics, antioxidant activities and in vitro α-glucosidase inhibitory activity in pumpkin leaves (Cucurbita moschata) during different domestic cooking methods

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florence M. Mashitoa ◽  
Vimbainashe Manhivi ◽  
Retha M. Slabbert ◽  
Jerry L. Shai ◽  
Dharini Sivakumar
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Cooking Methods ◽  
Cucurbita Moschata

scholarly journals Cooking African Pumpkin Leaves (Momordica balsamina L.) by Stir-Frying Improved Bioactivity and Bioaccessibility of Metabolites—Metabolomic and Chemometric Approaches

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2890
Author(s):  
Petunia Mashiane ◽  
Vimbainashe E. Manhivi ◽  
Tinotenda Shoko ◽  
Retha M. Slabbert ◽  
Yasmina Sultanbawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
In Vitro Digestion ◽  
Bioactive Metabolites ◽  
Cooking Methods ◽  
Good Source ◽  
Marker Compounds ◽  
Traditional Vegetable ◽  
Β Carotene

The leaves of African pumpkins (Momordica balsamina L.) are a commonly consumed traditional vegetable. They are a good source of polyphenolic antioxidants and carotenoids, which are, however, affected by cooking or digestion. We investigated the effect of household cooking methods (stir-frying or boiling) on the changes in bioactive metabolites, antioxidant capacity, release and accessibility of β-carotene and also inhibition of inhibitory activity against α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes during in vitro digestion of African pumpkin leaves compared to the raw leaves. Compared to boiled or raw leaves, stir-frying improved the availability of bioactive metabolites at the gastrointestinal phase. Quercetin 3-galactoside and rhamnetin 3-O-glucoside (marker compounds) discriminated the stir-fried leaves from raw leaves and boiled leaves after digestion. Stir-frying improved the release and accessibility of β-carotene and enhanced the antioxidant activities compared to boiling. Dialysable fractions of stir-fried leaves exhibited the greatest inhibitory activity against α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes compared to the raw and boiled leaves, as well as acarbose. Stir-frying, therefore, is recommended for use in household cooking to benefit consumers by increasing the intake of phenolics and β-carotene.

In Vitro Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitory and Antioxidant Activity of Alphonsea tonkinensis A.DC

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. 1934578X2110421
Author(s):  
Khan Viet Nguyen ◽  
Thu Oanh Thi Nguyen ◽  
Duc Viet Ho ◽  
Jyrki Heinämäki ◽  
Ain Raal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Aqueous Phase ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Chromatographic Technique ◽  
Pure Compounds ◽  
Stems And Leaves

Knowledge of the bioactivity of Alphonsea tonkinensis A.DC is limited. We have investigated the in vitro acetylcholinesterase inhibitory and antioxidant activities of extracts and pure compounds isolated from stems and leaves of this species collected from Dakrong district, Quang Tri Province, Vietnam. Extracts and isolated compounds were obtained by using an in-house extraction and chromatographic technique. The in vitro acetylcholinesterase inhibitory and antioxidant activities were evaluated using an Ellman test and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl test, respectively. The total MeOH and CH2Cl2 extracts, the MeOH portion of the CH2Cl2 extract, pseudocolumbamine, and pseudopalmatine showed potential inhibitory activity against acetylcholinesterase with IC50 values of 22.7, 32.9, 14.6, 18.9, and 8.6 μM, respectively. The aqueous phase (pH 9), MeOH portion of the CH2Cl2 extract, and N- trans-feruloyltyramin exhibited significant antioxidant activities with IC50 values of 24.5, 72.1, and 61.2 µM, respectively. This is the first study showing such bioactivities of various extracts obtained from A. tonkinensis.

ACE Inhibitory, Antitumor and Antioxidant Activities of Submerged Culture Materials of Three Medicinal Mushrooms

2011 ◽  
Vol 145 ◽  
pp. 179-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiu Jun Gao ◽  
Pei Sheng Yan ◽  
Jian Bing Wang ◽  
Jia Jia Yu
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Natural Compound ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Ace Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Medicinal Mushrooms ◽  
Proliferative Effect ◽  
Ace Inhibitory ◽  
Lyophyllum Decastes

Mushrooms have been highly valued as tonic foods and herb remedies since ancient times, and have been increasingly concerned because of their biological and pharmacological activities recognized through recent scientific research. Antitumor, antioxidant and ACE inhibitory activities in vitro of liquid fermentation materials from Ramaria botrytoides, Lyophyllum decastes and Mycoleptodonoides aitchisonii were investigated in this study. Water extracts from fermented mycelia and supernatant materials were used to measure their antitumor effect by MTT assay, antioxidant capacity by kit, and ACE inhibitory activity by RP-HPLC. Results showed that mycelia extracts from Ramaria botrytoides has significantly higher anti-proliferative effect on human HCC cell line SMMC7721 (IC50=0.284±0.005mg/ml, p<0.001). Total antioxidant activity of mycelia extracts of Ramaria botrytoides (0.711±0.053U/mg), inhibitory effect of mycelia extracts of Mycoleptodonoidesaitchisonii on hydroxyl radical (86.153±1.763U/mg) and superoxide anion radical (7.363±0.280 U/g) were higher than others significantly (p<0.001). ACE inhibitory activity of mycelia extracts of Lyophyllum decastes (IC50=1.637±0.057mg/ml) was significantly higher than others (p<0.001). Results demonstrated that liquid fermented mycelium of Ramaria botrytoides was potent source of natural compound with antitumor and antioxidant potential. Mycelium of Lyophyllum decastes was potent source of natural compound with ACE inhibitory activity.

In-vitro Antioxidant and Antihyperglycemic effect of Muntingia calabura L. fruit extracts

2021 ◽  
pp. 6496-6502
Author(s):  
S. Sowmya ◽  
A. Jayaprakash
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Soxhlet Extraction ◽  
Hypoglycemic Agents ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Muntingia Calabura

This study investigated the in-vitro antioxidant activity and antidiabetic effect of Muntingia calabura fruit extract by in-vitro α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. Muntingia calabura fruit was extracted with aqueous methanol by soxhlet extraction. The total phenols and total flavonoids contents were estimated and evaluated for antioxidant activities (DPPH, ABTS) and in-vitro antidiabetic activity by measuring their inhibitory activity on α-amylase and α-glucosidase levels. The findings showed that the fruit extract had high content of total phenol and exhibited moderate free radical scavenging activity. The fruit extract showed inhibitory effect on α-amylase [IC50Value =61.43 μg/mL] and α-glucosidase [IC50 Value=140.33 μg/mL] compared to standard acarbose. The fruit extract can be used as a potential source for the development of new hypoglycemic agents may be due to the presence of high phenol content.

Anticholinesterase and Antioxidant Activities of Natural Abietane Diterpenoids with Molecular Docking Studies

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 269-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gülaçtı Topçu ◽  
Atilla Akdemir ◽  
Ufuk Kolak ◽  
Mehmet Öztürk ◽  
Mehmet Boğa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Cholinergic Neurons ◽  
Docking Studies ◽  
Mammalian Brain ◽  
Abietane Diterpenoids ◽  
Selective Ligand ◽  
Molecular Modelling Studies ◽  
Modelling Studies

Background: Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) is one of the most prevalent causes of dementia in the world, and no drugs available that can provide a complete cure. Cholinergic neurons of the cerebral cortex of AD patients are lost due to increased activity of cholinesterase enzymes. Objectives: Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and Butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) are the two major classes of cholinesterases in the mammalian brain. The involvement of oxidative stress in the progression of AD is known. Thus, the objective of this study is to determine strong ChE inhibitors with anti-oxidant activity. Methods: In this study, 41 abietane diterpenoids have been assayed for antioxidant and anticholinesterase (both for AChE and BuChE) properties in vitro, which were previously isolated from Salvia species, and structurally determined by spectroscopic methods, particularly intensive 1D- and 2DNMR and mass experiments. Molecular modeling studies were performed to rationalize the in vitro ChE inhibitory activity of several abietane diterpenoids compared with galantamine. Results: Thirteen out of the tested 41 abietane diterpenoids exhibited at least 50% inhibition on either AChE or BuChE. The strongest inhibitory activity was obtained for Bractealine against BuChE (3.43 μM) and AChE (33.21 μM) while the most selective ligand was found to be Hypargenin E against BuChE enzyme (6.93 μM). A full correlation was not found between anticholinesterase and antioxidant activities. The results obtained from molecular modelling studies of Hypargenin E and Bractealine on AChE and BuChE were found to be in accordance with the in vitro anti-cholinesterase activity tests. Conclusion: Abietane diterpenoids are promising molecules for the treatment of mild-moderate AD.

scholarly journals In Silico Analysis and In Vitro Characterization of the Bioactive Profile of Three Novel Peptides Identified from 19 kDa α-Zein Sequences of Maize

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (22) ◽  
pp. 5405
Author(s):  
Jorge L. Díaz-Gómez ◽  
Ines Neundorf ◽  
Laura-Margarita López-Castillo ◽  
Fabiola Castorena-Torres ◽  
Sergio O. Serna-Saldívar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Ace Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Helical Structures ◽  
In Vitro Characterization ◽  
Ace Inhibitory

In this study, we characterized three novel peptides derived from the 19 kDa α-zein, and determined their bioactive profile in vitro and developed a structural model in silico. The peptides, 19ZP1, 19ZP2 and 19ZP3, formed α-helical structures and had positive and negative electrostatic potential surfaces (range of −1 to +1). According to the in silico algorithms, the peptides displayed low probabilities for cytotoxicity (≤0.05%), cell penetration (10–33%) and antioxidant activities (9–12.5%). Instead, they displayed a 40% probability for angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity. For in vitro characterization, peptides were synthesized by solid phase synthesis and tested accordingly. We assumed α-helical structures for 19ZP1 and 19ZP2 under hydrophobic conditions. The peptides displayed antioxidant activity and ACE-inhibitory activity, with 19ZP1 being the most active. Our results highlight that the 19 kDa α-zein sequences could be explored as a source of bioactive peptides, and indicate that in silico approaches are useful to predict peptide bioactivities, but more structural analysis is necessary to obtain more accurate data.

scholarly journals Antidiabetic Activity of Terminalia sericea Constituents

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1100601 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nolitha Nkobole ◽  
Peter James Houghton ◽  
Ahmed Hussein ◽  
Namrita Lall
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Vero Cells ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Sclerocarya Birrea

Diabetes mellitus is an endocrine disorder that affects more than 100 million people worldwide. South African plants namely Terminalia sericea, Euclea natalensis, Warbugia salutaris, Aloe ferox, Artemisia afra, Sclerocarya birrea, Spirostachys africana and Psidium guajava were investigated for their in vitro α-glucosidase and α-amylase properties, and antioxidant activities. Terminalia sericea stem bark extract showed the best results against α-glucosidase and α-amylase enzymes. Bioassay-guided fractionation of an acetone extract of T. sericea stem bark led to the isolation of four known compounds namely β-sitosterol (1), β-sitosterol-3-acetate (2), lupeol (3), and stigma-4-ene-3-one (4), in addition to two inseparable sets of mixtures of isomers [epicatechin-catechin (M1), and gallocatechin-epigallocatechin (M2). 1 and 3 showed the best inhibitory activity on α-glucosidase (IC50:54.5 and 66.5 μM). Bio-evaluation of the inhibitory activity of the purified compounds on α-amylase showed that 3 and 1 exhibited IC50 values of 140.7 and 216.02 μM, respectively against α-amylase. Compounds 2, M1, 3 and M2 were found to be nontoxic to Vero cells. This study is the first to report α-glucosidase and α-amylase activity of M1, M2, 2 and 4 isolated from T. sericea, which validated the traditional use of the bark of T. sericea for diabetes in South Africa.

scholarly journals HPLC-UV/Vis-APCI-MS/MS Determination of Major Carotenoids and Their Bioaccessibility from “Delica” (Cucurbita maxima) and “Violina” (Cucurbita moschata) Pumpkins as Food Traceability Markers

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (11) ◽  
pp. 2791 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caterina Bergantin ◽  
Annalisa Maietti ◽  
Paola Tedeschi ◽  
Guillermina Font ◽  
Lara Manyes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Processing ◽  
Carotenoid Content ◽  
Cooking Methods ◽  
Cucurbita Moschata ◽  
Cucurbita Maxima ◽  
Steam Cooking ◽  
In Vitro Bioaccessibility ◽  
Β Carotene

Carotenoids are a widespread group of fat-soluble pigments, and their major nutritional importance comes from their pro-vitamin A activity and their antioxidant capacity. In this study, two different pumpkin cultivars (Cucurbita maxima, also named `Delica’ and Cucurbita moschata, also known as `Violina’) from the southern Po Delta area were investigated in terms of carotenoid content and the influence of food processing on compositional changes and carotenoid bioaccessibility. Quali- and quantitative determination of carotenoids in sample extracts were performed on a C30 column by means of an online coupled HPLC-UV/Vis-APCI-MS/MS technique. The identification of separated compounds was tentatively achieved by merging (i) chromatographic data, (ii) UV-Vis spectra, and (iii) MS/MS fragmentation spectra. The chromatographic profiles for the two cultivars showed qualitative differences. Two major carotenoids were considered for quantification purposes and further investigations: lutein and β -carotene. Quantification of target carotenoids was performed with external calibration through analytical standards. The concentration of lutein and β -carotene was higher in C. maxima than in the other variety, C. moschata. Carotenoids are susceptible to degradation (isomerization and oxidation) during food processing (i.e., cooking), and the concentration of lutein and β -carotene were monitored in oven-cooked and steam-cooked pumpkins. The steam-cooking process was superior in terms of limiting carotenoid loss. A complete functional profile of pumpkins as a source of carotenoids was gained with the evaluation of their in vitro bioaccessibility and their bioavailability after intake during human digestion. Bioaccessibility of lutein and β -carotene were estimated by an in vitro static digestion model that involved salivary, gastric, and duodenal phases. Bioaccessibility values progressively increased from the salivary to the duodenal phase for both pumpkin varieties and cooking methods. Bioaccessibility of lutein was always lower than β -carotene for both cultivars and for both cooking methods. Bioaccessibility values for lutein and β -carotene changed from 1.93% to 2.34% vs. 4.94% and 8.83% in the salivary phase, from 2.7% to 4.63% vs. 7.83% and 15.60% in the gastric phase, and from 10.04% to 13.42% vs. 25.81% and 35.32% in the duodenal phase. For both target compounds, bioaccessibility in the duodenal phase was more than twice the gastric values, and it underlined that the type of cooking did not influence release from the initial matrix.

scholarly journals Screening for potential antidiabetes and antioxidant activities of selected plants from East Kalimantan, Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
RICO RAMADHAN ◽  
ALFINDA NOVI KRISTANTI ◽  
RUDIANTO AMIRTA ◽  
IRAWAN WIJAYA KUSUMA ◽  
PREECHA PHUWAPRAISIRISAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Free Radicals ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
East Kalimantan ◽  
Ic50 Value

Abstract. Ramadhan R, Kristanti AN, Amirta R, Kusuma IW, Phuwapraisirisan P, Haqiqi MT, Saparwadi. 2019. Screening for potential antidiabetes and antioxidant activities of selected plants from East Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 1820-1826. Ten selected plants in this study have been used traditionally in West Kutai, East Kalimantan as medicinal plants. This study aimed to screen and evaluate the in vitro antidiabetic and antioxidant activity of methanol extracts of selected plants from East Kalimantan. The antidiabetic activity was carried out by α-glucosidase inhibitory activity with maltose and sucrose as substrates while antioxidant activity was determined by free radicals scavenging activity against DPPH, ABTS and Nitric Oxide (NO). The results showed that Garcinia riedeliana extract had strong inhibitory activity with an IC50 value of 0.04 mg/mL followed by  Shorea laevis, Pternandra azurea and Bridelia tomentosa with IC50 values of 0.12; 0.15 and 0.16 mg/mL in maltose respectively, while quercetin as positive control had an IC50 value of 0.08 mg/mL. G.riedeliana extract also showed good α-glucosidase inhibitory activity with an IC50 value of 0.23 mg/mL in sucrose as substrate. The results on antioxidant activity showed that all extracts have IC50 value against free radicals DPPH, ABTS, and nitric oxide. The most active extract as α-glucosidase inhibitory activity and antioxidant activity was G. riedeliana extract. These findings provide the scientific evidence that one species of medicinal plants from East Kalimantan might be potential as an antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibitor.                                 

scholarly journals Phenylpropanoids from Liparis nervosa and their in vitro antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
liang liu ◽  
meijia zou ◽  
qimeng yin ◽  
zhenyang zhang ◽  
xianwen zhang
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Spectroscopic Data ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Active Constituents ◽  
Inhibitory Activities ◽  
Physicochemical Constants

Abstract Eleven phenylpropanoids were isolated from the whole grass of Liparis nervosa, an orchidaceous medicinal plant. Their structures were elucidated as (+)-Syringaresinol (1), (-)-Syringaresinol-4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (2), Sinapaldehyde (3), Coniferyl aldehyde (4), Syringin (5), Sinapaldehye glucoside (6), 2,3-dihydroxy-1-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-1-propanone (7), C-Veratroylglycol (8), 7S, 7′S, 8R, 8′R-icariol A2 (9), Erigeside 2 (10), and Methylsyringin (11) by comparing the spectroscopic data and physicochemical constants from the isolated compounds with the data reported in the literature. Compounds 1 and 9 were found to have potent in vitro antioxidant activities in the DPPH and ABTS assays, and their IC50 values were lower than those of vitamin C. More importantly, compound 9 had a strong α-glucosidase inhibitory activity with an IC50 value of 43.76 ± 2.03 µM, which was much lower than that of acarbose (IC50 = 273.12 ± 11.84 µM), indicating that compound 9 has the potential for the development of hypoglycemic drugs. In conclusion, the present study suggests that phenylpropanoids may be the additional representative type of active constituents in L. nervosa, which provides a new line of evidence to understand this medicinal plant.

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