scholarly journals Antidiabetic Activity of Terminalia sericea Constituents

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1100601 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nolitha Nkobole ◽  
Peter James Houghton ◽  
Ahmed Hussein ◽  
Namrita Lall
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Vero Cells ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Sclerocarya Birrea

Diabetes mellitus is an endocrine disorder that affects more than 100 million people worldwide. South African plants namely Terminalia sericea, Euclea natalensis, Warbugia salutaris, Aloe ferox, Artemisia afra, Sclerocarya birrea, Spirostachys africana and Psidium guajava were investigated for their in vitro α-glucosidase and α-amylase properties, and antioxidant activities. Terminalia sericea stem bark extract showed the best results against α-glucosidase and α-amylase enzymes. Bioassay-guided fractionation of an acetone extract of T. sericea stem bark led to the isolation of four known compounds namely β-sitosterol (1), β-sitosterol-3-acetate (2), lupeol (3), and stigma-4-ene-3-one (4), in addition to two inseparable sets of mixtures of isomers [epicatechin-catechin (M1), and gallocatechin-epigallocatechin (M2). 1 and 3 showed the best inhibitory activity on α-glucosidase (IC50:54.5 and 66.5 μM). Bio-evaluation of the inhibitory activity of the purified compounds on α-amylase showed that 3 and 1 exhibited IC50 values of 140.7 and 216.02 μM, respectively against α-amylase. Compounds 2, M1, 3 and M2 were found to be nontoxic to Vero cells. This study is the first to report α-glucosidase and α-amylase activity of M1, M2, 2 and 4 isolated from T. sericea, which validated the traditional use of the bark of T. sericea for diabetes in South Africa.

scholarly journals Spondias purpurea L. Stem Bark Extract: Antioxidant and in vitro Photoprotective Activities

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Alessandro Rodrigues ◽  
Priscylla Giffony ◽  
Sarah dos Santos ◽  
Jhonyson Guedes ◽  
Maria Elenir Ribeiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Active Ingredient ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Protection Factor ◽  
Phenolic Constituents ◽  
Stem Bark Extract ◽  
Spondias Purpurea

Plant phenolic extracts are widely recognized as an important source of natural antioxidant substances and potential compounds for cosmetic formulations. This study aimed to evaluate the chemical profile, photoprotective and antioxidant activities of stem bark extract of Spondias purpurea L. (ciriguela) and its application in photoprotective formulations. Thirty phenolic constituents were annotated by ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with an electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry in mode negative (UPLC‑QTOF-MS2). The stem bark extract antioxidant and chelation potential, expressed in half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50), showed 6.25 and 352.22 μg mL−1, respectively. The phenolic extract was used as an active ingredient in six sunscreen formulations, with concentrations ranging from 0.2 to 10%. The ultraviolet (UV) protection properties of the formulations were evaluated by sun protection factor (SPF) values obtained in 0.2 mg mL−1 (0.495 to 2.27) and 2.0 mg mL−1 (2.29 to 15.87). The SPF value for the extract (14.37 and 26.16) was high, but there was a reduction in the base formulation. However, these results suggested that the bioactive extracted of stem bark of Spondias purpurea L. has interesting potential to reduce the damage caused by UV radiation and may be utilized as an active ingredient in a sunscreen formulation.

scholarly journals INHIBITORY EFFECT OF A STANDARDIZED HYDROETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF TERMINALIA ARJUNA BARK ON ALPHA-AMYLASE ENZYMEINHIBITORY EFFECT OF A STANDARDIZED HYDROETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF TERMINALIA ARJUNA BARK ON ALPHA-AMYLASE ENZYME

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sushant A Shengule ◽  
Sanjay Mishra ◽  
Shweta Bodhale
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Soxhlet Extraction ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Alpha Amylase ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Terminalia Arjuna ◽  
Hydroethanolic Extract

 Objective: The present study was initiated to screen the hydroethanolic bark extract for α-amylase inhibitory activity and standardization of the Terminalia arjuna for polyphenolic phytochemicals using high-performance liquid chromatography-photo diode array (HPLC-PDA) method.Methods: The T. arjuna bark sample was extracted with ethanol: water (70:30 v/v) using Soxhlet extraction. A Dionex P680 HPLC system was used to acquire chromatograms. The screening of extract of T. arjuna bark has performed for in vitro α-amylase inhibitory assay. Each experiment was repeated 3 times. All values were expressed mean ± standard deviation.Results: The content of arjunetin, arjungenin, gallic acid, ellagic acid, and quercetin was 0.47, 8.22, 2.443, 7.901, and 3.20 mg/g, respectively, in a hydroethanolic extract of T. arjuna. The hydroethanolic extract of T. arjuna bark and acarbose has shown an inhibitory activity with an IC50 value 145.90 and 62.35 μg/mL, respectively.Conclusion: The hydroethanolic extract T. arjuna bark demonstrates α-amylase inhibitory activity due to a synergistic effect of the phytochemical constituents present in it. This study suggests that one of the mechanisms of this plant for antidiabetic activity is through the inhibition of α-amylase enzyme.

scholarly journals Comparative Phytochemical and in vitro Antioxidant Screening of the Root and Stem Bark of Annona muricata Linn

2020 ◽  
pp. 48-61
Author(s):  
C. E. Anarado ◽  
F. M. Chukwubueze ◽  
C. J. O. Anarado ◽  
N. L. Umedum ◽  
C. B. Nwanya
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Solvent Polarity ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Annona Muricata ◽  
Stem Bark Extract

Aim: To compare the phytochemicals and antioxidant activities of stem bark and root extracts of Annona muricata. Methodology: The stem bark and root of Annona muricata were collected, washed, air-dried, ground and each extracted with methanol, ethyl acetate and n-hexane. The extracts were analysed for the presence of phytochemicals. Antioxidant screening was also carried out on the samples. Results: Cardiac glycosides were present in all the extracts of both root and stem bark. Alkaloids were present in moderate abundance in all the extracts except the ethyl acetate stem bark extract. Saponins and tannins were found in methanol extracts of both parts and also in very high abundance but the stem contained higher amount of saponins while alkaloids and tannins were found more in the root. Flavonoids were only found in the ethyl acetate stem bark extract.  Steroids were absent in all the extracts except n-hexane root extract. The root showed greater enzymatic antioxidant activities than the stem bark. The solvent polarity affected the phytochemical found in each extract.  The antioxidant activities of the catalase, superoxidase dismutase and glutathione peroxidase were significantly higher in the root of Annona muricata than in the stem. Conversely, peroxidase showed a significantly higher activity in the stem than in the root. Conclusion: The stem bark and root exhibited good antioxidant properties, so there is need to isolate the compounds responsible for antioxidant property exhibited by the plant parts.

scholarly journals AKTIVITAS INHIBISI ENZIM ALFA-GLUKOSIDASE DARI EKSTRAK KULIT BATANG BUNGA KUPU-KUPU (Bauhinia semibifida Roxb) SECARA IN VITRO

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-231
Author(s):  
Haiyul Fadhli ◽  
◽  
Nofri Hendri Sandi ◽  
Ainun Nurain Nurdin
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
In Vitro Testing ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Microplate Reader ◽  
Stem Bark Extract

Research on the activity of ?-glucosidase inhibition of Bunga Kupu-Kupu stem bark extract (Bauhinia semibifida Roxb) has been carried out in vitro. This study aims to determine the inhibitory activity of the extracts of B. semibifida Roxb. stem bark against the ?-glucosidase enzyme in vitro. Testing the inhibitory activity of the ?-glucosidase enzyme using extracts of n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol from the stem bark of the Bunga Kupu-Kupu and the Akarbose as a positive control. In vitro testing was carried out using a microplate reader instrument with a wavelength of 410 nm. The results showed that the extract of n-hexane extract of the B. semibifida stem bark had an IC50 value 15,625 µg/mL, ethyl acetate extract had an IC50 value 35,495 µg/mL, and the methanol extract had an IC50 value 34,279 µg/mL. By category, the three B. semibifida stem bark extracts have the active ability to inhibit the ?-glucosidase enzyme, while the Akarbose had an IC50 value 0,384 µg/mL as a positive control has a very active ability as an antidiabetic through the inhibition of the ?-glucosidase enzyme. The results showed that extraction of ?-glucosidase inhibitor compound with n-hexane yielded extract with highest inhibitor activity.

scholarly journals Mangifera foetida L. (Macang) Source of Potent Antiviral Activity of Against Dengue Virus Serotype 2 (Anti DENV2)

2021 ◽  
Vol 2049 (1) ◽  
pp. 012018
Author(s):  
Fitmawati ◽  
Maya Safitri ◽  
S.N. Kholifah ◽  
Emrizal ◽  
Rodesia Mustika Roza
Keyword(s):  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Vero Cells ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Selectivity Index ◽  
Assay Method ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Standard Curve ◽  
Virus Serotype ◽  
Stem Bark Extract

Abstract The new discovery about the potential of Mangifera foetida L. as an antiviral will help conservation efforts in nature while maintaining and increasing its biodiversity value. This study aims to characterize the in vitro potential of three varieties of M. foetida L. against the dengue virus. Dengue virus is infected in Vero cells, viral replication was measured using the Viral ToxGlo Assay method. The selectivity ability of Mangifera foetida L. stem bark extract to inhibit the dengue virus was seen from the Selectivity Index (SI) value. The standard curve between the concentration of the compound (μg/mL) and % cell viability was analyzed by linear regression using Microsoft Excel 2010 software. The results showed that the selectivity index (SI) value of M. foetida L stem bark extract of Limus, Manis and Batu varieties were 7.58, 6.82 and 16.43, respectively. It was concluded that the extract of Macang stem bark of the Limus, Manis and Batu varieties had the potential to be used as an antiviral for dengue.

In-vitro Antioxidant and Antihyperglycemic effect of Muntingia calabura L. fruit extracts

2021 ◽  
pp. 6496-6502
Author(s):  
S. Sowmya ◽  
A. Jayaprakash
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Soxhlet Extraction ◽  
Hypoglycemic Agents ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Muntingia Calabura

This study investigated the in-vitro antioxidant activity and antidiabetic effect of Muntingia calabura fruit extract by in-vitro α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. Muntingia calabura fruit was extracted with aqueous methanol by soxhlet extraction. The total phenols and total flavonoids contents were estimated and evaluated for antioxidant activities (DPPH, ABTS) and in-vitro antidiabetic activity by measuring their inhibitory activity on α-amylase and α-glucosidase levels. The findings showed that the fruit extract had high content of total phenol and exhibited moderate free radical scavenging activity. The fruit extract showed inhibitory effect on α-amylase [IC50Value =61.43 μg/mL] and α-glucosidase [IC50 Value=140.33 μg/mL] compared to standard acarbose. The fruit extract can be used as a potential source for the development of new hypoglycemic agents may be due to the presence of high phenol content.

scholarly journals IN VITRO α-AMYLASE AND Α-GLUCOSIDASE INHIBITOR ACTIVITIES OF ALBIZIA PROCERA STEM BARK

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 344
Author(s):  
Anand D ◽  
Sathish M ◽  
Dhivya Ls
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Butanol Fraction ◽  
Glucosidase Inhibitor ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Albizia Procera

Objective: This current study was carried out to determine the in vitro α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of extract and fractions of Albizia procera. Methods: The α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition assay was carried out at concentrations 50–2000 μg/ml and acarbose used as standard. The absorbance was measured at 540 nm and recorded by spectrophotometer. Percentage inhibition was calculated for both the assays. Preliminary phytochemical screening was also evaluated using standard procedures.Results: There was a dose-dependent percentage inhibition of extracts (petroleum ether and ethanol) and fractions (chloroform, ethyl acetate, and n-butanol). The ethanol extract and n-butanol fraction show good inhibitory activity against both α-amylase and α-glucosidase with the percentage inhibition of 86.20% and 88.20% and 83.13% and 87.10%, respectively. The preliminary phytochemical screening shows that ethanol extract consists of active constituents such as flavonoids and phenolic compounds and tannins.Conclusion: This finding suggests that the ethanol extract and n-butanol fraction show good inhibitory activity against both α-amylase and α-glucosidase and show good antidiabetic activity.

scholarly journals Screening for potential antidiabetes and antioxidant activities of selected plants from East Kalimantan, Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
RICO RAMADHAN ◽  
ALFINDA NOVI KRISTANTI ◽  
RUDIANTO AMIRTA ◽  
IRAWAN WIJAYA KUSUMA ◽  
PREECHA PHUWAPRAISIRISAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Free Radicals ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
East Kalimantan ◽  
Ic50 Value

Abstract. Ramadhan R, Kristanti AN, Amirta R, Kusuma IW, Phuwapraisirisan P, Haqiqi MT, Saparwadi. 2019. Screening for potential antidiabetes and antioxidant activities of selected plants from East Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 1820-1826. Ten selected plants in this study have been used traditionally in West Kutai, East Kalimantan as medicinal plants. This study aimed to screen and evaluate the in vitro antidiabetic and antioxidant activity of methanol extracts of selected plants from East Kalimantan. The antidiabetic activity was carried out by α-glucosidase inhibitory activity with maltose and sucrose as substrates while antioxidant activity was determined by free radicals scavenging activity against DPPH, ABTS and Nitric Oxide (NO). The results showed that Garcinia riedeliana extract had strong inhibitory activity with an IC50 value of 0.04 mg/mL followed by  Shorea laevis, Pternandra azurea and Bridelia tomentosa with IC50 values of 0.12; 0.15 and 0.16 mg/mL in maltose respectively, while quercetin as positive control had an IC50 value of 0.08 mg/mL. G.riedeliana extract also showed good α-glucosidase inhibitory activity with an IC50 value of 0.23 mg/mL in sucrose as substrate. The results on antioxidant activity showed that all extracts have IC50 value against free radicals DPPH, ABTS, and nitric oxide. The most active extract as α-glucosidase inhibitory activity and antioxidant activity was G. riedeliana extract. These findings provide the scientific evidence that one species of medicinal plants from East Kalimantan might be potential as an antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibitor.                                 

scholarly journals Bioactive Antidiabetic Flavonoids from the Stem Bark of Cordia dichotoma Forst.: Identification, Docking and ADMET Studies

Molbank ◽  
10.3390/m1234 ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (2) ◽  
pp. M1234
Author(s):  
Nazim Hussain ◽  
Bibhuti Bhushan Kakoti ◽  
Mithun Rudrapal ◽  
Khomendra Kumar Sarwa ◽  
Ismail Celik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Docking ◽  
Binding Affinity ◽  
Mass Spectroscopy ◽  
Column Chromatography ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Computational Studies ◽  
Autodock Vina ◽  
Online Tool

Cordia dichotoma Forst. (F. Boraginaceae) has been traditionally used for the management of a variety of human ailments. In our earlier work, the antidiabetic activity of methanolic bark extract of C. dichotoma (MECD) has been reported. In this paper, two flavonoid molecules were isolated (by column chromatography) and identified (by IR, NMR and mass spectroscopy/spectrometry) from the MECD with an aim to investigate their antidiabetic effectiveness. Molecular docking and ADMET studies were carried out using AutoDock Vina software and Swiss ADME online tool, respectively. The isolated flavonoids were identified as 3,5,7,3′,4′-tetrahydroxy-4-methoxyflavone-3-O-L-rhamnopyranoside and 5,7,3′-trihydroxy-4-methoxyflavone-7-O-L-rhamnopyranoside (quercitrin). Docking and ADMET studies revealed the promising binding affinity of flavonoid molecules for human lysosomal α-glucosidase and human pancreatic α-amylase with acceptable ADMET properties. Based on computational studies, our study reports the antidiabetic potential of the isolated flavonoids with predictive pharmacokinetics profile.

scholarly journals In vivo and In vitro Antioxidant Activities of Aqueous and Ethanol Stem Bark Extracts of Vitex doniana on Doxorubicin-induced Oxidative Stress in Rats

2021 ◽  
pp. 44-55
Author(s):  
Mohammed Aliyu Sulaiman ◽  
Daniel Dahiru ◽  
Mohammed Auwal Ibrahim ◽  
Ahmed Ibrahim Hayatu
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Oral Treatment ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Associated Diseases ◽  
Vitex Doniana

Background: Oxidative stress is involved in the pathogenesis of hypertension, myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury, atherosclerosis, muscular dystrophy, aging and other associated diseases. Vitex doniana is used in Adamawa, northern Nigeria to treat oxidative stress associated diseases. However, the antioxidative effects of the plant have not been scientifically examined in oxidative stress experimental animal models. The aim of this study is to investigate the in vitro and in vivo antioxidant activities of aqueous and ethanol stem bark extracts of Vitex doniana in oxidative stress model of rats. Methods: The study used 35 adult albino rats weighing 175 ± 25 g, of which 30 were induced with oxidative stress by intraperitoneal injection of doxorubicin (10 mg/kg) for three consecutive days. Animals were treated by oral administration of silymarin (100 mg/kg) and Vitex doniana aqueous or ethanol extract (100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg) for 14 consecutive days before they were sacrificed on the 15th day and blood was analyzed for biochemical indices of oxidative stress. Results: The results of the phytochemistry showed the presence of alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, steroids, phenols, saponins, terpenoids, glycosides: and total flavonoids (52.70 ± 1.60 mg/ml and 75.40 ± 0.80 mg/ml), total phenols (21.45 ± 1.54 mg/ml and 26.50 ± 1.22 mg/ml) for aqueous and ethanol stem bark extracts respectively. The extracts scavenged DPPH radical, reduced Fe3+ and inhibited lipid peroxidation. Doxorubicin significantly (p<0.05) lowered the levels of SOD, CAT, GR and TAS and significantly (p<0.05) but, increased the level of LPO. Oral treatment with Vitex doniana extracts significantly (p<0.05) increased the activities of CAT, GR, SOD and TAS while LPO was significantly (p<0.05) lowered. Vitex doniana stem bark extracts significantly (p<0.05) improved the biochemical derangements observed in the induced untreated animals in comparable manner to that of Silymarin. Conclusion: The present study provides the scientific rationale for the use of Vitex doniana stem bark in traditional medicine and has a viable antioxidative capacity both in vitro and in vivo.

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