Strategic simulation models as a new methodological approach: an application to information technologies integration, lean/just-in-time and lead-time

Author(s):  
Luciano Novais ◽  
Juan Manuel Maqueira ◽  
Ángel Ortiz ◽  
Sebastián Bruque
Author(s):  
Н. Н. Смирнов ◽  
В. В. Тюренкова ◽  
В. Ф. Никитин

Разработка алгоритмической компоновки и программ для расчета многомасштабных процессов горения является актуальной междисциплинарной темой фундаментальных исследований, которая объединяет методы информационных технологий, механики многокомпонентных сплошных сред, химии и математического моделирования. Задача разработки алгоритмической компоновки и подбора программ для расчета многомасштабных процессов горения набирает актуальность с каждым годом в связи как с интенсивным развитием вычислительных методов и моделей, так и с увеличением современных возможностей суперкомпьютерных вычислений. Практическая применимость разрабатываемых вычислительных моделей и методов охватывает проблемы энергетики, двигателестроения, взрывопожаробезопасности, а также интенсификации добычи полезных ископаемых с применением методов термохимического воздействия на пласт. Основными проблемами, возникающими в процессе моделирования, являются: а) многомасштабность, не позволяющая проводить моделирование всех задействованных процессов на единых даже масштабируемых сетках; б) жесткость и большая размерность системы дифференциальных уравнений для описания химической кинетики, решение которой может занимать 80% процессорного времени. Данная статья представляет обзор уже проведенных исследований в ФГУ ФНЦ НИИСИ РАН и анализ трудностей, с которыми столкнулись исследователи. В статье содержатся новые предложения по преодолению вычислительных трудностей и намечены пути их реализации. Возможность решения проблем в части многомасштабности видится в применении подходов многоуровневого моделирования, при котором детальное решение задачи более мелкого масштаба обрабатывается и вносится в качестве элемента модели более крупного масштаба. Для решения проблемы сокращения времени интегрирования уравнений многостадийной химической кинетики актуальным трендом является применение нейросетевых подходов и методов в рамках разрабатываемых вычислительных моделей. Этот подход в настоящее время развивается сотрудниками отдела вычислительных систем совместно с коллективом Центра оптико-нейронных технологий ФГУ ФНЦ НИИСИ РАН. The development of algorithms and software for analyzing multiscale combustion processes is a relevant field of fundamental research that combines the methods of information technologies, mechanics of multicomponent continua, combustion chemistry, and simulation. It gains relevance year to year due to the intensive development of computational methods and models, and with the increase in supercomputing performance. The applications of the proposed computational models and methods include energy, engine manufacturing, explosion and fire safety fields, as well as thermochemical mineral recovery stimulation methods. The key simulation problems are a. the problem is multiscale: all the processes involved cannot be simulated with the same grid, even a scalable one; b. the rigidity and large dimensionality of the system of differential equations that describes chemical kinetics. Its solution may take up to 80 % of the processor time. This paper is an overview of the research conducted at the Scientific Research Institute for System Analysis and an analysis of the difficulties faced by the researchers. It also proposes new ways for overcoming the computational difficulties and give some implementation considerations. To solve the multi-scale issue, multi-level modeling approaches can be used: a detailed solution to a smaller-scale problem is processed and introduced as a component of a larger-scale model. To reduce the integration time of the multi-stage chemical kinetics equations, the current approach is applying neural networks and methods to the existing computational models. This approach is currently being developed at the Department of Computing Systems in collaboration with the Center for Optical-Neural Technologies, SRISA.


Author(s):  
Michael Allen ◽  
Sebnem Baydere ◽  
Elena Gaura ◽  
Gurhan Kucuk

This chapter introduces a methodological approach to the evaluation of localization algorithms. The chapter contains a discussion of evaluation criteria and performance metrics followed by statistical/ empirical simulation models and parameters that affect the performance of the algorithms and hence their assessment. Two contrasting localization studies are presented and compared with reference to the evaluation criteria discussed throughout the chapter. The chapter concludes with a localization algorithm development cycle overview: from simulation to real deployment. The authors argue that algorithms should be simulated, emulated (on test beds or with empirical data sets) and subsequently implemented in hardware, in a realistic Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) deployment environment, as a complete test of their performance. It is hypothesised that establishing a common development and evaluation cycle for localization algorithms among researchers will lead to more realistic results and viable comparisons.


Author(s):  
Siang Li Chua ◽  
Wai Leng Chow

No-shows are patients who miss scheduled Specialist Outpatient Clinic (SOC) appointments. No-shows can impact patients' access to care and appointment lead time. This chapter describes a data-driven strategy of improving access to specialist care through first developing a stratified predictive scoring model to identify patients at risk of no-shows; second, studying the impact of a dynamic overbooking strategy that incorporates the use of the no-show prediction model using discrete event simulation (DES) on lead time. Seventeen variables related to new SOC appointments for subsidized patients in 2016 were analyzed. Multiple logistic regression (MLR) found eight variables independently associated with no-shows with area under receiver operation curve (AUC) 70%. The model was tested and validated. DES model simulated the appointment overbooking strategy as applied to the top highest volume specialties and concluded that lead time of Specialty 1 and 2 can be shortened by 27.5 days (49% improvement) and 21.3 (33%) respectively.


2019 ◽  
Vol 77 ◽  
pp. 02006
Author(s):  
Ivanova Irina

The paper presents a short characteristic of an off-grid zone in the eastern regions of the Russian Federation. The main problems of power supply to consumers in this zone are described, and possible options for solving them are provided. A methodological approach and model tools to estimate the efficiency of alternative options of power supply to off-grid consumers are described. The factors affecting the selection of a rational option of power supply in the off-grid zone are classified. We show the interconnection between the main significant factors (availability of grid infrastructure, local fuel resources, complexity of fuel delivery logistics, characteristics of accessible power-generating equipment, and environmental constraints) and their impact on economic indicators of alternative options. Based on the systematized results of long-term studies, we present a scheme designed to select a rational option of power supply to a particular off-grid consumer according to characteristics of the described factors. Keywords: Off-grid consumers, alternative options, impact of factors, economic indicators, methodological approach, simulation models, economic efficiency.


2003 ◽  
Vol 13 (03) ◽  
pp. 701-725 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANTONIO ABRAMO

The progress of silicon technologies we have witnessed in the last twenty years has traced the path to the unprecedented revolution of information technologies, which has changed almost everybody's lifestyles. Apparently, this has happened with a little big help from TCAD tools. Big, because few major advancements have been achieved through the clever exploitation of non-conventional simulation tools, and because everyday device optimization deeply relies on TCAD tools. Little, because the qualitative feeling is that the technology would have progressed anyway, through the work of many highly-skilled technology experts, even without simulation guidelines. The purpose of this paper is to review the state-of-the-art of the field of the transport modeling of electron devices, trying to grasp the essence of the most relevant simulation models proposed so far, whence to contribute to spur the activity on the fundamental modeling of carrier transport.


2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (05) ◽  
pp. 1550026
Author(s):  
Katarina Lund Stetler

This paper presents the results from a quantitative survey study in the research and development (R&D) department of company in the automotive industry. The focus of the study has been on exploring the relationship between delivery precision and creativity. Given today's increasingly competitive market, companies must be able to both cut lead times and maintain high creativity and innovativeness in the organization. This study is an attempt to increase our understanding of how one means of cutting lead time, the imposition of high demands on delivery precision, is related to the creation of novel ideas in the industrialization phase of product development. The results point to an interesting relationship in which the imposition of high demands on delivery precision actually increases the perception of the creation of novel ideas. The results have implications for project planning and the role of time dedicated to exploratory tasks in product development.


Author(s):  
A Viknianska ◽  
D Kharynovych-Yavorska ◽  
M Sahaidak ◽  
A Zhavoronok ◽  
V Filippov

Purpose. To substantiate the methodological approach to the development of research components of the integrated system of complex economic analysis and internal control of the enterprise. Methodology. The main methods of this research are statistical methods, the latter being used for processing of statistic data; methods of formalization and mathematical simulation used for development of conceptual analysis base to control the enterprises activity. Findings. A complex model of diagnostics of enterprises activity in a competitive environment is proposed, which is based on the methodology of complex economic analysis with the use of financial and non-financial indicators. To assess the competitive advantages of the enterprise, we offer an algorithm to calculate an integrated indicator of the level of its competitiveness using a balanced scoring system. Originality. In the course of research, the scientific and methodological approach to a complex evaluation of influence of a research component on development of competitive strategy of the enterprise was developed. Unlike the existing ones, this approach involves: - development of an integrated system of complex economic analysis and internal control over business processes of enterprises with the use of modern information technologies, which allows assessing their competitiveness, forming a development strategy; - methodical procedures of internal control of the enterprise with the use of financial and operational budgets and management reports based on a balanced scoring system, using CVP-analysis, which allows forming flexible budgets. Practical value. The results of the study can be used by practitioners, scientists, government officials to monitor the development of the corporate architecture, to study enterprise development processes.


Transport ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 1162-1172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valery Lukinskiy ◽  
Vladislav Lukinskiy ◽  
Yuri Merkuryev

Transportation is a key logistics function, which determines the dynamic nature of material flows in logistics systems. At the same time, transportation is a source of uncertainty of logistics operations performance in the supply chain. Obviously, the development of a new approach for evaluation of the duration of delivery “Just-In-Time” (JIT) will improve the efficiency of supply chains in accordance with one of the major criteria, namely customer satisfaction. One of the basic approaches to make effective management decisions in transportation and other logistic operations is the JIT concept. In the majority of examined sources the JIT concept is described on the verbal level without any usage of calculation dependences. The paper is devoted to the formation of analytical and simulation models, which allow obtaining the probabilistic evaluation of the implementation of unimodal and multimodal international transportation JIT. The first model where the order of the operations implementation does not affect final result is formed on the basis of the probability theory: distribution laws composition, theorems of numerical characteristics of random variables, formula of complete probability. The second model accounts the impact of operations implementation order in transportation and their interconnection and is based on the simulation (the method of statistic experiments) and shown as a corresponding algorithm, which allows to consider different limitations (technical, organizational and so on). Considered analytical dependences give the possibility to obtain the necessary estimations of the transport operations implementation according to JIT: mean transportation time, delivery implementation probability by the set moment or the delivery time with the set probability. To carry out some comparative calculations and clarify the algorithm, two international routes have been chosen: the first one is a unimodal road transportation, the second one is a multimodal transportation (road and marine transport). All the data, which is necessary for calculation has been collected on the basis of official information (in particular, the data of tachograph, special questionnaires filled in by the drivers, the survey results of the managers). For unimodal transportations analytical dependences and modelling results give close results. For the combined multimodal transportations taking into account various limitations the preference must be given to the simulation. The modelled indexes take into consideration their intercommunication and definitely estimate the supply chains reliability, and this allows decreasing the uncertainty of the logistic system.


Author(s):  
Massimo Figari ◽  
Luca Martinelli ◽  
Michele Viviani ◽  
Diego Villa ◽  
Lucia Enoizi ◽  
...  

The aim of the paper is to describe an industrial-academic collaboration whose main goal is the design of a new escort tug family characterized by high intact/damage stability margins, good maneuvering capability and stable behavior during escort indirect assistance. The project addresses three main research areas: hydrodynamic design of the hull with escort capability, simulation of the escort capabilities in different operational scenario, development of control logics that will allow autonomous or unmanned operations. The paper describes the methodological approach adopted for the design and will show some preliminary results. The results refer to the first part of the project. CFD calculations and towing tank tests have been performed onto a prototype tug hull in order to assess the hull design and to infer simulation models able to describe the behavior of a family of vessels. In particular, the propulsion and maneuverability aspects in escort operations are deeply investigated. Results of the project will form the bases for the conceptual application to a remotely controlled or autonomous escort tug.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document