scholarly journals Can Early-Period Fruit Analysis be Performed for Timely Interventions Against Physiological Disorders In Apple Trees?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kadir Uçgun ◽  
Sait Gezgin ◽  
Hüseyin Akgül ◽  
Adem Atasay ◽  
Mustafa Harmankaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Period ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Physiological Disorders

scholarly journals Post-bloom and preharvest treatment of ‘Braeburn’ apple trees with prohexadione-calcium and GA4+7 affects vegetative growth and postharvest incidence of calcium-related physiological disorders and decay in the fruit

2020 ◽  
Vol 261 ◽  
pp. 108919 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cassandro V.T. do Amarante ◽  
João Paulo G. Silveira ◽  
Cristiano A. Steffens ◽  
Sergio T. de Freitas ◽  
Elizabeth J. Mitcham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Physiological Disorders ◽  
Prohexadione Calcium

scholarly journals Quality of Apple Maidens as Influenced by the Frequency of Application of Different Fertilizers in the Organic Nursery − Preliminary Results

2012 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zygmunt S. Grzyb ◽  
Wojciech Piotrowski ◽  
Paweł Bielicki ◽  
Lidia Sas Paszt
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Podzolic Soil ◽  
Early Period ◽  
Single Application ◽  
Beneficial Bacteria ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
Lateral Shoots ◽  
First Time

Abstract A study was conducted in an organic nursery, in 2010 and 2011, on the growth of scab-resistant maiden apple trees of the cultivars Topaz and Ariwa grafted on M.26 rootstock. The young trees were grown at a spacing of 25 cm × 1.0 m on a podzolic soil. On the basis of the differences in the thickness and height of the maidens, and the number of lateral shoots and their length, as well as the number of branched trees, the effects of various fertilizers were studied depending on the number of treatments applied to the plants, which were treated either once or twice with such products as granulated manure, Micosat, Humus UP, Humus Active + Aktywit PM, BF Amin, BF Quality, Tytanit and Vinassa. The control plants were not fertilized at all, or fertilized with NPK. The fertilizers were applied the first time to the soil and plants in the nursery in mid-May and the second time in early June. The results showed that using them in a double treatment did not result in improved plant growth in every case. Two applications of humic preparations, the so-called vermiculites (Humus UP, Humus Active + Aktywit PM with the addition of beneficial bacteria), BF Quality, and to some extent also BF Amin gave better results in terms of the quality of maiden trees than a single application of these products, whereas in the case of preparations such as Tytanit and Vinassa, treating plants with them for the second time did not result in a significant increase in the intensity of plant growth in relation to the plants treated only once during the early period of growth

Neuron-glia relationship during the early postembryonic development of the nervous system in some oligochaetes

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 600-601
Author(s):  
Wiktor Djaczenko ◽  
Carmen Calenda Cimmino
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Glial Cells ◽  
Early Period ◽  
Postembryonic Development ◽  
Ruthenium Red ◽  
The Body ◽  
Tubifex Tubifex ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Cell Processes ◽  
Cytoplasmic Processes

The simplicity of the developing nervous system of oligochaetes makes of it an excellent model for the study of the relationships between glia and neurons. In the present communication we describe the relationships between glia and neurons in the early periods of post-embryonic development in some species of oligochaetes.Tubifex tubifex (Mull. ) and Octolasium complanatum (Dugès) specimens starting from 0. 3 mm of body length were collected from laboratory cultures divided into three groups each group fixed separately by one of the following methods: (a) 4% glutaraldehyde and 1% acrolein fixation followed by osmium tetroxide, (b) TAPO technique, (c) ruthenium red method.Our observations concern the early period of the postembryonic development of the nervous system in oligochaetes. During this period neurons occupy fixed positions in the body the only observable change being the increase in volume of their perikaryons. Perikaryons of glial cells were located at some distance from neurons. Long cytoplasmic processes of glial cells tended to approach the neurons. The superimposed contours of glial cell processes designed from electron micrographs, taken at the same magnification, typical for five successive growth stages of the nervous system of Octolasium complanatum are shown in Fig. 1. Neuron is designed symbolically to facilitate the understanding of the kinetics of the growth process.

Image quality vs data obtainment in biological electron microscopy

1986 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 42-43
Author(s):  
J. E. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Electron Beam ◽  
Image Quality ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Early Period ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Fluorescent Screen ◽  
Embedding Medium

In the early years of biological electron microscopy, scientists had their hands full attempting to describe the cellular microcosm that was suddenly before them on the fluorescent screen. Mitochondria, Golgi, endoplasmic reticulum, and other myriad organelles were being examined, micrographed, and documented in the literature. A major problem of that early period was the development of methods to cut sections thin enough to study under the electron beam. A microtome designed in 1943 moved the specimen toward a rotary “Cyclone” knife revolving at 12,500 RPM, or 1000 times as fast as an ordinary microtome. It was claimed that no embedding medium was necessary or that soft embedding media could be used. Collecting the sections thus cut sounded a little precarious: “The 0.1 micron sections cut with the high speed knife fly out at a tangent and are dispersed in the air. They may be collected... on... screens held near the knife“.

Direct Assessment of Effective Renal Plasma Flow from Renoscintigraphy with a Gamma Camera and an On-Line Computer

1981 ◽  
Vol 20 (06) ◽  
pp. 274-278
Author(s):  
J. Liniecki ◽  
J. Bialobrzeski ◽  
Ewa Mlodkowska ◽  
M. J. Surma
Keyword(s):  
Count Rate ◽  
Renal Plasma Flow ◽  
Early Period ◽  
Least Square Method ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Uptake Coefficient ◽  
Positive Linear Correlation ◽  
On Line ◽  
Best Fit ◽  
Plasma Activity

A concept of a kidney uptake coefficient (UC) of 131I-o-hippurate was developed by analogy from the corresponding kidney clearance of blood plasma in the early period after injection of the hippurate. The UC for each kidney was defined as the count-rate over its ROI at a time shorter than the peak in the renoscintigraphic curve divided by the integral of the count-rate curve over the "blood"-ROI. A procedure for normalization of both curves against each other was also developed. The total kidney clearance of the hippurate was determined from the function of plasma activity concentration vs. time after a single injection; the determinations were made at 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 45, 60, 75 and 90 min after intravenous administration of 131I-o-hippurate and the best-fit curve was obtained by means of the least-square method. When the UC was related to the absolute value of the clearance a positive linear correlation was found (r = 0.922, ρ > 0.99). Using this regression equation the clearance could be estimated in reverse from the uptake coefficient calculated solely on the basis of the renoscintigraphic curves without blood sampling. The errors of the estimate are compatible with the requirement of a fast appraisal of renal function for purposes of clinical diagknosis.

Strontium 87m Scanning of Pelvic Bones

1968 ◽  
Vol 07 (01) ◽  
pp. 28-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Władysław Jasiński ◽  
Janina Malinowska ◽  
Henryk Mackiewicz ◽  
Henryk Siwicki ◽  
Krystyna Lukawska
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Femoral Neck ◽  
Early Period ◽  
Early Recurrence ◽  
Physical Activities ◽  
External Irradiation ◽  
Pelvic Bones ◽  
Strontium 87M

SummaryThe purpose of this investigation was to study the accumulation of 87mSr in the proximal parts of the femoral bones of patients treated previously by external irradiation due to cancer of the uterine cervix. It was assumed that this method may be used in the future for the early diagnosis of postirradiation changes of bone (osteoradionecrosis).The incidence of postirradiation changes of the femoral neck among 5735 patients treated between 1950 and 1961 at the Department of Gynaecology of the Institute, was 0.8%. In the early period of postirradiation changes the patients complain only of pain and limitation of physical activities. If radiological and gynaecological findings were negative, the differential diagnosis between early recurrence and early osteoradionecrosis became impossible.49 selected patients were scanned after intravenous injection of 10—115 μCi of 87mSr per kg of body weight (0.5 up to 6.0 mCi). Illustrative cases of normal pelvic bones as well as postirradiation changes are presented and discussed. The authors conclude that the findings justify further systematic studies on the morphology of accumulation of 87mSr in the bones.

REP-PCR Analysis of Erwinia Genus Bacteria – Infectious Agents of Apple Trees Diseases in Ukraine

2019 ◽  
Vol 81 (6) ◽  
pp. 45-57
Author(s):  
L.A. Dankevych ◽  
◽  
F.V. Muchnyk ◽  
V.P. Patyka ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Infectious Agents ◽  
Apple Trees

The Date & Cause of the First Schism

2008 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 210-231
Author(s):  
Bhikkhu Sujato
Keyword(s):  
Early Period ◽  
Historical Records

1. The texts and inscriptions dating from the early period – roughly the first 500 years after the Buddha’s passing away – do not support the conclusion that fully-fledged sects existed at that time. Rather, we should think in terms of ‘sectarian tendencies’ that emerged as actual sects towards the end of the early period. The available sources that speak of the First Schism are best read as sectarian accounts depicting the situation in the Buddhism of their own time – roughly 100-500 CE – rather than as historical records of the pre-A?okan era. 2. All of the Sthavira sources mention the so-called ‘five theses’ of the Mah?sa?ghika (later ascribed to a certain ‘Mah?deva’) as either the cause of the First Schism or as important doctrinal issues. And a review of relevant Vinaya sources demonstrates that the ‘five theses’ were probably accepted within the Mah?sa?ghika, which confirms that this was likely the principal cause of the First Schism.

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